简介：深沪湾位于台湾海峡西岸中段（１１８°３８′～１１８°４１′Ｅ，２４°３８′～２４°４０′Ｎ），福建省晋江市图１深沪湾的位置东南，泉州湾与围头弯之间。湾口朝东，湾口较大，约４５ｋｍ，比海湾东西宽度还长约２５０ｍ，海湾呈肾状。海湾的北岸是石狮市永宁镇，...

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简介：［1］AnZS,WeiLY,LuYC,1985,ApreliminarystudyofsoilstratigraphyinLuochuanloessprofile.QuaternarySciences,6(1):166-173.(inChinese)［2］AnZS,KutzbacchJE,PrellWLetal.,2001.EvolutionofAsianmonsoonsandphasedupliftoftheHimalaya-TibetanplateausinceLateMiocenetimes.Nature,411:62-66.［3］BarbaraAM,1995.PalaeorainfallreconstructionsfrompedogenicmagneticsusceptibilityvariationintheChineseloessandpalaeosol.QuaternaryResearch,44(3):383-391.［4］DerbyshireE,MengXM,KempRA,1998.Provenance,transportandcharacteristicsofmodemaeoliandustinwesternGansuProvince,China,andinterpretationoftheQuaternaryloessrecord.JournalofAridEnvironments,39:497-516.［5］DingZL,LiuDS,LiuXMetal.,1989.37cyclessince2.5Ma.ChineseScienceBulletin,34(19):1494-1496.［6］DingZL,RutterNW,SunJMetal.,2000.Re-arrangementofatmosphericcirculationatabout2.6MaovernorthernChina:evidencefromgrainsizerecordsofloess-palaeosolandredclaysequences.QuaternaryScienceReviews,19:547-558.［7］DuJ,ZhaoJB,2004.SoilerosionregularitysinceHoloceneinShaolingtablelandofChang′an.JournalofDesertResearch,24(1):63-67.(inChinese)［8］FengZD,WangHB,OlsonCetal.,2004.Chronolgicaldiscordbetweenthelastinterglacialpaleosol(S1)anditsparentmaterialintheChineseLoessPlateau.QuaternaryInternational,117:17-26.［9］GuoZT,LiuDS,FedoroffNetal.,1998.ClimateextremesinloessofChinacoupledwiththestrengthofdeep-waterformationintheNorthAtlantic.GlobalandPlanetaryChange,18:113-128.［10］GuoZT,WillamFRuddiman,HaoQZetal.,2002.OnsetofAsiandesertificationby22MyragoinferredfromloessdepositsinChina.Nature,416:159-163.［11］HeinrichH,1988.OriginandconsequenceofcycliciceraftinginthenortheastAtlanticOceanduringpast130000years.QuaternaryResearch,29:142-152.［12］KempRA,DerbyshireE,

简介：Glacierinventorycompilationduringthepast20yearsandmodificationsofthatfortheEasternPamirandBanggongLakeindicatethatthereare46,342modernglacierswithatotalareaandvolumeof59415km2and5601km3respectivelyinChina.Theseglacierscanbeclassifiedintomaritimeandcontinental(includingsub-continentalandextremelycontinental)types.ResearchesshowthatglaciersinChinahavebeenretreatingsincetheLittleIceAgeandthemasswastagewasacceleratedduringthepast30to40years.BeinganimportantpartofglaciologicalstudiesinChina,icecoreclimaticandenvironmentalstudiesonTibetanPlateauandintheAntarcticahaveprovidedabundant,highresolutioninformationaboutpastclimaticandenvironmentalevolutionovertheTibetanPlateauandAntarctica.ExceptfordifferentparametersrecordedinicecoresrelatingtoclimateandenvironmentchangesonTibetanPlateau,recordsfromicecoresextractedfromdifferentglaciersshowthatthediscrepanciesinclimaticandenvironmentalchangesonthenorthandsouthpartsoftheplateaumaybetheconsequenceofdifferentinfluencingeffectsfromterrestrialandsolarsources.GlaciologicalandmeteorologicalphenomenaimplythatLambertGlaciervalleyisanimportantboundaryofclimateintheeastAntarctica,whichisthoughttobeconnectedwithcyclonicactivitiesandCircum-polarWavesovertheAntarctica.

简介：PermafrostinChinaincludeshighlatitudepermafrostinnortheasternChina,alpinepermafrostinnorthwesternChinaandhighplateaupermafrostontheTibetanPlateau.Thehighaltitudepermafrostisabout92%ofthetotalpermafrostareainChina.Thesouthboundaryorlowerlimitoftheseasonallyfrozengroundisdefinedinaccordancewiththe0℃isothermallineofmeanairtemperatureinJanuary,whichisroughlycorrespondingtothelineextendingfromtheQinlingMountainstotheHuaiheRiverintheeastandtothesoutheastboundaryoftheTibetanPlateauinthewest.SeasonalfrozengroundoccursinlargepartsoftheterritoryinnorthernChina,includingNortheast,North,NorthwestChinaandtheTibetanPlateauexceptforpermafrostregions,andaccountingforabout55%ofthelandareaofChina.Thesouthernlimitofshort-termfrozengroundgenerallyswingssouthandnorthalongthe25°northernlatitudeline,occurringinthewetandwarmsubtropicmonsoonclimaticzone.Itsareaislessthan20%ofthelandareaofChina.

简介：本文阐述了中国亚热带的6个基本特点，亚热带北界和南界的划分问题，生态过渡带和亚热带划分的方法论，综合区划研究的必要性与重要性，以及尚需深入研究的若干重要自然地理界线问题．认为中国的亚热带从广义上说也是一个生态过渡带．深入研究中国亚热带形成的机制及其成因和演变趋势，将有利于整个亚热带的区域可持续发展．目前亚热带划分所用的指标比较初始、简略，亚热带的东部与西部所采用的指标也不完全一致，还需要经过艰苦的探索，提出一个既能反映客观实际，又能与国际研究接轨的较好方案．在亚热带的划分中需要加强新技术和新方法的应用．

简介：据首次全国湿地资源调查统计,我国湿地资源十分丰富,总面积为3848.55×104hm2,湿地陆生野生动物共25目、75科、724种,野生高等植物有225科815属2276种,划分为7个植被型组,16个植被型,180个群系.我国湿地正面临着来自人类的巨大威胁,如人类对湿地的盲目围垦和改造、湿地环境污染、生物资源的过度利用等,导致自然湿地数量持续减少、湿地生态功能退化乃至丧失,已难以保证所在地域生态平衡的需求.根据我国湿地面临的威胁和问题,近期应加强湿地保护立法和管理机构建设,并尽快实施.

简介：［1］BrownL,1995.WhoWillFeedChina:Wake-upCallforaSmallPlanet.TheWorldWatchEnvironmentalAlertSeries.NortonandCo.,NewYork,USA.［2］CaiYunlong,1990.Land.In:ZuoDakang(eds.),ADictionaryofModernGeography.Beijing:TheCommercialPress,ppl11.(inChinese)［3］CaoM,MaS,HanC,1995.Potentialproductivityandhumancarryingcapacityofanagro-ecosystem:ananalysisoffoodproductionpotentialofChina.AgriculturalSystems,47:387-414.［4］ChenLiding,WangJun,FuBojieetal.,2001.Land-usechangeinasmallcatchmentofnorthernLoessPlateau,China.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,86(2):163-172.［5］DaiFC,LeeCF,ZhangXH,2003.GIS-basedgeo-environmentalevaluationforurbanland-useplanning:acasestudy.EngineeringGeology,61(4):257-271.［6］DingChengri,2003.LandpolicyreforminChina:assessmentandprospects.LandUsePolicy,20:109-120.［7］FuBojie,WangJun,ChenLidingetal.,2003a.TheeffectsoflanduseonsoilmoisturevariationintheDanangoucatchmentoftheLoessPlateau,China.Catena,54:197-213.［8］FuCongbin,2003b.Potentialimpactsofhuman-inducedlandcoverchangeonEastAsiamonsoon.GlobalandPlanetaryChange,37(3-4):219-229.［9］FischerG,SunLaixiang,2001.Modelbasedanalysisoffutureland-usedevelopmentinChina.Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,85(1-3):163-176.［10］GuoXiaomin,NiuDekuietal.,2000.TheexplorationofdevelopingfruitindustrymodewithsoilandwaterconservationinsouthJiangxiarea.ResearchofSoilandWaterConservation,7(3):187-218.(inChinese)［11］HeXiubin,LiZhanbin,HaoMingdeetal.,2003.Down-scaleanalysisforwaterscarcityinresponsetosoil-waterconservationonLoessPlateauofChina.Agriculture,EcosystemsandEnvironment,94:355-361.［12］HeiligGK,1999.CanChinafeeditself?Asystemforevaluationofpolicyoptions.ScienceforGlobalInsight,IIASA,Laxenburg(CD-ROMVers.1.1).［13］HuWei,1997.HouseholdlandtenurereforminChina:itsim

简介：Sandydesertificationislanddegradationcharacterizedbywinderosionmainlyresultedfromtheexcessivehumanactivitiesinarid,semiaridandpartofsub-humidregionsinnorthernChina.Theresearchonsandydesertificationhasexperiencedmorethan5decadesofarduouscourseofthestrugglealongwiththeestablishmentanddevelopmentofChina′sdesertscience.Researchesinthisfieldhavemadeagreatcontributiontothenationaleconomicconstruction,andenvironmentalprotection.Thispaperfocusesonpresentingthemajorprogressandachievementsinthesandydesertificationresearchduringthelast50years,includingthestagesofstudyonsandydesertification,backgroundenvironmentofsandydesertificationanditschanges,theconception,causes,process,monitoringandassessmentofsandydesertification,thevegetationsuccession,landscapeecology,plantphysiology,impactsonecosystem,high-effectiveuseofwaterandlandresourcesandsustainabledevelopmentinsandydesertifiedregions,sandydesertificationcontrolmodelsandtechniquesetc.

简介：以新疆作为主要实验区，概述了利用中巴地球资源卫星（CBERS）遥感数据进行草地资源、水资源、森林资源、土地荒漠化监测评价的主要研究方法．通过系统研究，探索了利用CBERS遥感数据开展国土资源环境监测的理论和方法．在建立CBERS遥感数据全国电子沙盘的基础上，创建了等边直角网构网压缩技术，提高了卫星数据检索分析的能力．研究表明，CBERS遥感数据在干旱、半干旱地区资源调查与监测评价等诸多方面，具有良好的实用性能和应用前景．

简介：AstochasticmodelfordailyprecipitationsimulationinChinawasdevelopedbasedontheframeworkofa′Richardson-type′weathergeneratorthatisanimportanttoolinstudyingimpactsofweather/climateonavarietyofsystemsincludingecosystemandriskassessment.ThepurposeofthisworkistodevelopaweathergeneratorforapplicationsinChina.Thefocusisonprecipitationsimulationsincedeterminationofotherweathervariablessuchastemperatureisdependentonprecipitationsimulation.AframeworkoffirstorderMarkovChainwithGammaDistributionfordailyprecipitationisadoptedinthiswork.Basedonthisframework,fourparametersofprecipitationsimulationforeachmonthat672stationsalloverChinaweredeterminedusingdailyprecipitationdatafrom1961to2000.Comparedwithpreviousworks,ourestimationfortheparameterswasmadeformorestationsandlongerobservations,whichmakestheweathergeneratormoreapplicableandreliable.Spatialdistributionsofthefourparametersareanalyzedinaregionalclimatecontext.Theseasonalvariationsoftheseparametersatfivestationsrepresentingregionaldifferencesarediscussed.Basedontheestimatedmonthlyparametersat672stations,dailyprecipitationsforanyperiodcanbesimulated.A30-yearsimulationwasmadeandcomparedwithobservationsduring1971-2000intermsofannualandmonthlystatistics.Theresultsaresatisfactory,whichdemonstratestheusefulnessoftheweathergenerator.

简介：该文简介分形理论，并讨论分形理论在地理信息科学研究中的价值和地位。针对地理信息科学发展的趋势，结合相应的实例，提出分形理论在地理信息科学中的地理数据挖掘和空间决策支持、空间数据压缓和传递、制图概括、虚拟现实等方面目前的主要研究进展和方向。

简介：［1］ChinaCommunicationsSecondHighwaySurveyDesignandResearchInstitute(CCSHSDRI),1996.HighwayDesignHandbook:Subgrade(2ndedn.).Beijing:ChinaCommunicationsPress.(inChinese)［2］GengTading,ChenChuankang,YangWuyangetal.,1978.OnthehighwaynaturalregionalizationofChina.ActaGeographicaSinica,33(1):49-62.(inChinese)［3］HighwayPlanningandDesignInstituteoftheMinistryofCommunications,1986.StandardofClimaticZoningforHighway(JTJ003-86).Beijing:ChinaCommunicationsPress.(inChinese)［4］JillOvik,BjornBirgisson,DavidENewcomb,1999.CharacterizingSeasonalVariationsinFlexiblePavementMaterialProperties.TransportationResearchRecord,1684:1-7.［5］KennedyTKetal.,1994.SuperiorPerformingAsphaltPavement(Superpave):TheProductoftheSHRPAsphaltResearchProgram.SHRP,NationalResearchCouncil,WashingtonD.C.［6］LiBin,1957.Someproblemsaboutregionalizingclimaticzoningforhighway.EngineeringConstruction,5:19-23.(inChinese)［7］LiBin,1959.Explanationsaboutrevisionofnationalclimaticzoningforhighway.Highway,15(SpecialIssue):33-36.(inChinese)［8］LiBin,1980.Chinahighwaynaturalregionalizationofpermafrost.AutomobileandHighway,1:39-55.(inChinese)［9］LiGuishun,1996.TertiaryhighwaynaturalregionalizationofShanxiprovince.ScienceandTechnologyofShanxiCommunication,5:13-18.(inChinese)［10］MaureenAKestler,GordonLHanek,MarkATruebe,2001.Evaluatingmoisturesensorsandmonitoringseasonalmoisturevariationinlow-volumeroads.TransportationResearchRecord,1755:97-107.［11］MohseniA,1996.LTTPSeasonalACPavementTemperatureModels.FHWA,U.S.DepartmentofTransportation,WashingtonD.C.［12］PeterJBosscher,HussainUBahia,SuwithoThomasetal.,1997.Relationshipbetweenpavementtemperatureandweatherdata:Wisconsinfieldstudytoverifysuperpavealgorithm.TransportationResearchRecord,1609:1-11.［13］RabinowSD,RadaGR,TayabjiSDetal.,1993.De

简介：中国地理学的发展经历了漫长而辉煌的古代、短暂而平淡的近代和复兴昌盛的现代3个阶段。为了迎接中国地理学进入21世纪发展的新阶段，作者认为必须强调做好以下几个方面的工作：(1)改革地理教育；(2)提高资源与环境的研究水平；(3)认真为农业服务；(4)重视区域研究；(5)加强理论研究。

简介：湿地被称为"地球之肾",具有独特的生态结构与功能.中国湿地面积约占全球湿地面积的10%,但近年来湿地面积逐渐萎缩,已造成了极为严重的生态恶果.因此总结以往湿地研究成果,确立包括遥感在内的各种湿地信息提取方法,形成包含各种湿地信息的湿地数据子库和管理操作这些数据的湿地信息系统,并确立湿地信息的共享与发布机制,从而加快湿地科研步伐,成为湿地与遥感科技工作者共同关注的问题.WebGIS技术是GIS融合Internet技术发展起来的新技术,具有对大批量数据进行有效的分析管理和快速的查询检索功能.基于WebGIS技术的中国沼泽信息系统的建立有效地满足了湿地科研和开发保护的需要.

简介：麻沙、书坊─—中国古代刻书中心郑衡泌（福建师范大学历史系）福建建阳县有麻沙、书坊，是我国宋、元、明时期著名的刻书中心地之一。麻沙和书坊两地相距仅十千米，所刻书籍具有几乎完全相同的特征，因而人们常将这两地所刻书籍统称为“麻沙本”又称为“建本”。其刻书兴...

简介：三江平原是我国沼泽湿地的重要分布区.在20世纪的后50a中,三江平原在经过几次大规模的开荒后,其下垫面发生了明显的阶段性变化,湿地大面积消失,农田面积不断增加.为了认识20世纪下半叶不同时期三江平原湿地的气候效应,拟采用第三代区域气候模式（RegCM3）来开展研究.而目前被广泛用于RegCM3的GL-CC数据,所反映的研究区下垫面几乎不存在沼泽湿地,这与事实严重不符,所以必须获取三江平原有沼泽湿地存在的真实的下垫面数据,才能得到可靠的湿地气候效应的模拟结果.分别选择了4期（1954年、1985年、1996年和2000年）有阶段代表性的航片、TM影像数据为主要数据源,利用ERDAS8.7和Arcview3.2等软件,首先得到4期研究区的土地利用数据,然后通过土地利用数据类型向模式数据类型的转换,从4期研究区土地利用数据中提取出了三江平原下垫面的模式数据.经过误差分析,认为获取的4期三江平原下垫面模式数据准确的反映出研究区几个时期的湿地下垫面实况,可以作为三江平原湿地气候效应模拟的基础数据.