简介：为高功率脉冲功率装置设计了4MV同轴-三平板型水介质自击穿开关作为脉冲输出开关。脉冲输出开关指在脉冲功率装置中脉冲形成线输出端的开关，它是脉冲形成线和传输线的连接部件，对传输电脉冲进行二次压缩。脉冲输出开关常常是自击穿开关，由于其前面的主开关对Marx发生器输出电脉冲进行了初步压缩，脉冲输出开关的输入脉冲前沿上升较快，故脉冲输出开关常常是多通道开关。

简介：许多女孩子在看过《春田花花同学会》这样的以猪为主角的电影以后，无不在“我们是快乐的好儿童”的妙曼歌声中一声长叹，让活在钢筋水泥森林中的人们重归简单感悟善良和纯真的小猪，其实做一只快乐的猪远要比做人轻松得多。

简介：Weexperimentallydemonstratea4×4nonblockingsiliconthermo-optic(TO)switchfabricconsistingofthreestagesoftunablegeneralizedMach–Zehnderinterferometers.All24routingstatesfornonblockingswitchingarecharacterized.Thedevice’sfootprintis4.6mm×1.0mm.Measurementsshowthattheworstcrosstalkofallswitchingstatesis-7.2dB.Theon-chipinsertionlossisintherangeof3.7–13.1dB.TheaverageTOswitchingpowerconsumptionis104.8mW.

简介：Ｏｎ　△Ｉ＝４　Ｂｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎ　ＰｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａＯｎ△Ｉ＝４ＢｉｆｕｒｃａｔｉｏｎＰｈｅｎｏｍｅｎａ￥ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｎｇｙｅ；ＹａｎｇＳｕｎａｎｄＭｉｋｅＧｕｉｄｒｙＴｈｅｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔｓ－ｂｙｔｈｅｎｅｗ７－－ｒａｙｄｅｔｅｃｔｏｒ...

简介：我们介绍自发的对称碎在Pati之间的acouplingbetween的顺序—Salam和电镀物品弱对称苏(4)_(PS)直接X苏(4)_(EW)可伸缩以便在宏大统一精力在联合常数之中建立一种算术地一致的关系。与减已知的夸克和雷普顿的雷普顿量数字那里的酒吧的价值，由传递includingright的中微子，我们能在直到电磁的U(1)_(他们)的层次放大的不同精力发现混合角度关系。

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简介：Therearemoreandmorecountriestoakeanefforttothestudiesofvanadiumalloyforfusionapplication.NIFSinJapanhasrecentlydevelopedan80kgheatV4Cr4Tialloy(NIFS-heat2)aftertheproductionofa500kgscaleV4Cr4TiinU.S.severalyearsago.PropertyevaluationofthealloyhasbeenputintoaninternationalcollaborationprogramunderthecoordinationofIEA(InternationalEnergyAgency).SWIPhasjoinedthecollabrationonthehydrogenembrittlementresistanceevaluationofthealloyt.

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简介：ThedevelopmentoftheGEANT4applicationforALICEsimulationwithinthealiRootframeworkisdescribed.TheG3toG4approachadoptedbyALICEcollaborationisexplained.Theoverviewofthedesign,presentimplementationandfunctionalityispresentedandtheremainingproblemsarediscussed.

简介：SinceitserliestyearsofR&D[1],theGEANT4simulationtoolkithasbeendevelopedfollowingsoftwareprocessstandardswhichdictatedtheoverallevolutionoftheproject.Thecomplexityofthesoftwareinvolved,thewideareasofapplicationofthesoftwareproduct,thehugeamountofcodeandCategorycomplexity,thesizeanddistributednatureoftheCollaborationitselfareallingredientswhichinvolveandcorrelatetogetherawidevarietyofsoftwareprocesses.Althoughin"production"andavailabletothepublicsinceDecember1998,theGEANT4softwareproduct[1]includesCategoryDomainswhicharestillunderactivedevelopment.Thereforetheyrequiredifferenttreatmentalsointermsofimprovementofthedevelopmentcycle,system,testingandusersupport,ThisarticleismeanttodescribesomeofthesoftwareprocessesastheyareappliedinGEANT4forbothdevelopment,testingandmaintenanceofthesoftware.

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简介：Vanadiumalloys(V-Cr-Tiseries)areimportantcandidatematerialsforblanketcomponentsoffusionreactorsduetotheirlowactivationandhighstrengthatelevatedtemperatures.Low-temperatureirradiationembrittlementdeterminestheoperationtemperaturelimitofVanadiumalloysfortheapplicationtostructuralmaterialsoffusionreactorsirradiationresponseofvanadiumalloysneedstobeclarifiedfortheirapplication.Inthepresentstudy,specimensoftwoalloys(V-4Cr-4TiandV-5Cr-5Ti)wereirradiatedwithenergeticHeionsandheavyionstounderstandhardeningofthealloysduetoheliumaccumulationandcascadedamageproduction.

简介：Inthispaper,AgBF4/[emim][BF4]supportedionicliquidmembranes(SILMs)werepreparedsuccessfullyforCO/N2separationusingnitrogenpressureimmobilizationprocedures.TheincorporationofAgBF4coulddecreasemembraneweightloss,improvethepressure-resistantability,andkeepthecriticalpressure(0.45MPa)oftheSILMs.ThehighviscosityandundissolvedAgBF4solidsinmembraneliquidwoulddisturbgasmoleculartransportthroughmembraneandgiverisetothegastransportresistance.Therefore,thegaspermeabilitydecreasedremarkablywithincreasingAgBF4carriercontentinthemembrane.WhenthemolarratioofAgBF4to[emim][BF4]increasedfrom0:1to0.3:1,theCO/N2selectivityoftheSILMsshowedagreatincreasefrom~1to~9at20°Cand0.4MPa,suggestingthatAgBF4wasaneffectivecarrierforCOfacilitatedtransport.ThepermeabilitiesofN2andCOincreasedathighertransmembranepressure,indicatingthatmoleculartransportwoulddominatethetransportprocessathighpressure.Thetemperature-dependentgaspermeabilityfollowedtheArrheniusequation.Moreover,thedifferencesbetweentheactivationenergiesofCOandN2becamelargerafterintroducingAgBF4,resultinginmoreobviousdecreaseintheCO/N2selectivityathigheroperatingtemperature.

简介：TheGAUDIsoftwareframeworkistobeusedforallevent-processingapplicationsintheLHCbexperiment.TheGEANT4toolkithasbeenintegratedintoGAUDItoformthebasisoftheLHCbsimulationprogramGAUSS.Thebenefitsofthisapproacharethatitpermitsre-useofbasicservices,suchaspersistency,interactivityanddatavisualization,aswellasphysicsalgorithmsthatwereoriginallydevelopedinthecontextofthereconstructionandanalysisprograms.FollowingtheGAUDIphilosophy,theintegrationhasbeenachievedbydevelopinganumberofserviceswithabstractinterfacesthatcanbepluggedinatrun-time.Wedescribetheoveralldesignanddetailsofthecomponentsforinterfacingthedetectorgeometry,theprimaryinteractionandtheoutputfromtrackingparticlesthroughthedetector.

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简介：Thispaperinvestigatesthetemperaturefielddistributionandthermalfocallengthwithinalaserdiodearray(LDA)end-pumpedYVO4/Nd:YVO4rectangularcompositecrystal.AgeneralexpressionofthetemperaturefielddistributionwithintheNd:YVO4rectangularcrystalwasobtainedbyanalysingthecharacteristicsoftheNd:YVO4crystalandsolvingthePoissonequationwithboundaryconditions.ThetemperaturefielddistributionsintheNd:YVO4rectangularcrystalfortheYVO4/Nd:YVO4compositecrystalandtheNd:YVO4singlecrystalareresearchedrespec-tively.CalculatingthethermalfocallengthwithintheNd:YVO4rectangularcrystalwasdonebyananalysisoftheadditionalopticalpathdifferences(OPD)causedbyheat,whichwasveryidenticalwithexperimentalresultsinthispaper.ResearchresultsshowthatthemaximumrelativetemperatureontherearfaceoftheNd:YVO4crystalinthecompositecrystalis150Kandthethermalfocallengthis35.7mmwhentheoutputpoweroftheLDAis22W.Inthesamecircumstances,theexperimentalvalueofthethermalfocallengthis37.4mm.Sotherelativeerrorbetweenthetheoreticalanalysisandtheexperimentalresultisonly4.5%.Withthesameconditions,thethermalfocallengthoftheNd:YVO4singlecrystalis18.5mm.SotherelativerateofthethermalfocallengthbetweentheYVO4/Nd:YVO4crystalandtheNd:YVO4crystalis93%.So,thethermalstabilityoftheoutputpowerandthebeamqualityoftheYVO4/Nd:YVO4laserismoreadvantageousthanthelaserwithNd:YVO4singlecrystal.

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简介：AKerr-lens,mode-lockedYVO4∕Nd:YVO4lasercoupledwithanacousto-opticmodulator（AOM）Q-switchingnear1064nmwasemployedtopumpanintracavityKTiOPO4（KTP）opticalparametricoscillator.Asubnanosecondsignalwavenear1572nmwithlowrepetitionratewasrealized.AtanAOMrepetitionrateof8kHz,themaximumoutputpowerwas165mW.Thehighestaveragepulseenergy,theshortestduration,andthehighestpeakpowerofamode-lockingsignalpulsewereestimatedtobe～10.3μJ,～120ps,and～82kW,respectively.

简介：Geant4LowEnergyElectromagneticpackageProvidesaprecisetreatmentofelectromagneticinterationsofparticleswithmatterdowntoverylowenergies(250oVforelectronsandphotons,<1keVforhadronsandions),Itincludesaverietyofmodelsfortheelectromagneticprocessesofelectrons,photons,hadronsandions,takingintoaccountadvancefeatures,suchasshelleffectsandeffectsduetochargedependence.Thecomprehensivesetofparticletypesitcanhandle,thevarietyofmodelingapproachesandtheextendedcoverageofenergyrangemakethispackageauniquetoolamongMonteCarlocodesonthemarket,andofrelevancetoserveralexperimentaldomainsinHIEP,astroparticlephysics,spacescienceandbiomedicalstudies.