简介：TagetonesA(1)andB(2),twonewmonocyclicditerpenoidswereisolatedfromthen-hexanefractionoffreshflowersofTagetesminutaL.(Asteraceae).Theirstructureswereestablishedbymultiplespectroscopicmethods(IR,HR-ESI-MS,and1D-,and2D-NMR),inadditiontocomparisonwithliteraturedata.Compound1showedcytotoxicactivitytowardsMCF7andA549cancercellswithIC_(50)valuesbeing4.68and4.24μmol·L~(-1),respectively,comparedtodoxorubicin(IC_(50)0.13and1.12μmol·L~(-1),respectively).Compound2alsoexhibitedsignificantactivityagainstHCT116cancercells(IC_(50),6.30μmol·L~(-1)).

简介：Cancerisamajorhealthconcernandleadingburdenoneconomyworldwide.Anincreasingeffortisdevotedtoisolationanddevelopmentofplant-deriveddietarycomponentsaseffectivechemo-preventiveproducts.Phytochemicalcompoundsfromnaturalresourcessuchasfruitsandvegetablesareresponsiblefordecreasingtheriskofcertaincancersamongtheconsumingpopulations.Apigenin,aflavonoidphytochemicalfoundinmanykindsoffruitsandvegetables,hasbeenshowntoexertsignificantbiologicaleffects,suchasanti-oxidant,anti-inflammatoryandmostparticularlyanti-neoplasticproperties.Thisreviewisintendedtosummarizethemostrecentadvancesintheanti-proliferativeandchemo-preventiveeffectsofapigeninindifferentcancermodels.Analysisofthedatafromthestudiedcancermodelshasrevealedthatapigeninexertsitsanti-proliferativeeffectsthroughmultipleandcomplexpathways.Thisguidedustodiscoversomecontroversialresultsabouttheexactroleofcertainmolecularpathwayssuchasautophagyintheanticancereffectsofapigenin.Further,therewerecumulativepositiveevidencessupportingtheinvolvementofcertainpathwayssuchasapoptosis,ROSandDNAdamageandrepair.Apigeninpossessesahighpotentialtobeusedasachemosensitizingagentthroughtheup-regulationofDR5pathway.Accordingtothesepreclinicalfindingswerecommendthatfurtherrobustunbiasedstudiesshouldconsiderthepossibleinteractionsbetweendifferentmolecularpathways.

简介：Ginkgoditerpenelactonesmeglumineinjection(GDLI)isacommerciallyavailableproductusedforneuroprotection.However,thepharmacokineticpropertiesoftheprototypesandhydrolyzedcarboxylicformsoftheprimarycomponentsinGDLI,i.e.,ginkgolideA(GA),ginkgolideB(GB),andginkgolideK(GK),haveneverbeenfullyevaluatedinbeagledogs.Inthiswork,asimple,sensitive,andreliablemethodbasedonultra-fastliquidchromatography-tandemmassspectrometry(UFLC-MS/MS)wasdeveloped,andtheprototypesandtotalamountsofGA,GB,andGKweredeterminedinbeagledogplasma.Theplasmaconcentrationsofthehydrolyzedcarboxylicformswerecalculatedbysubtractingtheprototypeconcentrationsfromthetotallactoneconcentrations.Forthefirsttime,thepharmacokineticsofGA,GB,andGKwerefullyassessedinthreeforms,i.e.,theprototypes,thehydrolyzedcarboxylicforms,andthetotalamounts,afterintravenousadministrationofGDLIinbeagledogs.Itwasshownthatginkgolidesprimarilyexistedinthehydrolyzedforminplasma,andtheratioofhydrolysatestoprototypeformsofGAandGBdecreasedgraduallytoahomeostaticratio.AllofthethreeformsofthethreeginkgolidesshowedlinearexposureofAUCtothedosages.GA,GB,andGKshowedaconstanthalf-lifeapproximately2.7,3.4,and1.2h,respectively,whichwereconsistentfortheformsatthreedoselevels(0.3,1.0,and3.0mg·kg~(-1))andafteraconsecutiveinjectionofGDLIfor7days(1.0mg·kg~(-1)).