简介：背景：肠易激综合衙（IBS）是一种功能性胃肠道疾病，其病因和发病机制迄今尚未完全阐明。目的：探讨5-羟色胺（5-HT）和5-HT3受体（5-HT3R）在腹泻型IBS（D—IBS）患者结肠黏膜中的变化及其临床意义。方法：对18名正常人和28例D—IBS患者行结肠镜检查并分别取升结肠、横结肠、降结肠和乙状结肠黏膜标本各两块。以免疫组化方法检测5-HT阳性细胞；以蛋白质印迹分析半定量检测5-HT3R的表达。结果：D—IBS组4个部位结肠黏膜的5-HT阳性细胞数和5-HT3R的表达均较正常对照组显著增多（P〈0．05），但4个部位之间相互比较均无显著差异。结论：D—IBS患者结肠黏膜5-HT合成和分泌增多，5-HT3R表达上调，提示5-HT和5-HT3R可能为D—IBS的分子生物学基础之一，为D—IBS的治疗提供了分子靶点。

简介：背景：目前研究认为5-羟色胺（5-HT）参与了内脏感觉过敏的发生。已发现肠易激综合征患者肠道黏膜中分泌5-HT的肠嗜铬细胞（EC细胞）和肥大细胞有所改变。目的：研究胃感觉过敏患者近端胃黏膜5-HT阳性细胞的变化，探讨其在胃感觉过敏中的作用。方法：应用电子恒压器测定40例功能性消化不良（FD）患者和15名正常对照者的胃感觉阈值．根据胃感知阈值将23例行胃镜活检组织病理学检查的FD患者分为感觉过敏（FD—H）组和感觉正常（FD—N）组。以免疫组化方法检测近端胃黏膜5-HT阳性细胞，应用图像分析系统测定其积分光密度（IOD）值。结果：FD组的胃感知、不适和疼痛阈值均较正常对照组显著下降。FD—H组近端胃黏膜每高倍视野下5-HT阳性细胞数显著多于FD-N组和正常对照组（14．1±2．3对8．7±1．9和8.3±1．4．P〈0．05）。扩张刺激后，FD—H组5-HT阳性细胞IOD值的降幅（反映介质释放量）较FD—N组和正常对照组显著增加（16．3％±3.4％对10．7％±2．2％和8．1％±2.3％，P〈0．05）。直线相关分析显示．5-HT阳性细胞释放介质越多。胃感知阈值越低。结论：部分FD患者存在胃感觉过敏，与近端胃黏膜5-HT阳性细胞数量增多、介质释放增加有关。

简介：一、炎症性肠病(IBD)及其合并结直肠癌的现状在工业化国家,溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的发病率维持在0.005%～0.01%,其中以瑞典最高,英国和美国次之,我国的UC发病率较低.克罗恩病(CD)的发病率在过去30年内增加了6倍,现约为0.004%.尽管IBD合并的结直肠癌只占普通人群结直肠癌的1%～2%,但结直肠癌仍为IBD的严重并发症,是1/6IBD患者的死亡原因[1].Eaden等[2]对116项UC合并结直肠癌的研究数据进行了荟萃分析,结果发现结直肠癌的发病率随病程的延长而增加,进而反映在累计概率中,每10年增加2%,每20年增加8%,每30年增加18%.UC合并结直肠癌的总体发病率为3.7%,当病变累及全结肠时,发病率增至5.7%.我国UC合并结直肠癌的发病率远低于欧美人群.王利华等[3]总结了北京协和医院1994～1997年346例UC的资料,其中仅3例发生癌变(0.87%).

简介：1998-2000年我们共收治中晚期食管癌164例，因无手术机会而寻求姑息放疗，考虑到其中多数病例肿瘤体积较大，为配合治疗，提高放射敏感性，随机将病人分成两组进行对照观察，来研究联合方法在中晚期食管癌治疗中的疗效。

简介：

简介：免疫复合物(IC)的形成一般认为是清除抗原和终止免疫反应的过程。在某些病理情况下,IC激活补体并沉积于血管壁、肾小球基底膜以及其它血管外组织中,引起炎症反应和免疫病理损伤。抗原抗体结合形成IC并激活补体时,C1、C2、C4依次活化,C42将C3裂解成为C3a、C3b,I因子再将C3b裂解为C3c、C3f、

简介：背景:在中国恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率排序中,胃癌分居第二和第三位。探索方法简便、敏感性高的非侵入性指标以筛选出胃癌高危人群接受胃镜检查是胃癌普查的有效途径。目的:探讨三叶因子3(TFF3)作为胃癌筛查血清生物学标记物的临床价值。方法:收集宁波市医疗中心李惠利医院2013年7月—2014年1月49例胃癌患者和29名健康体检者的血清标本,采用ELISA法检测血清TFFs浓度,以ROC曲线及其曲线下面积(AUC)分析血清TFF1、TFF2、TFF3对胃癌的诊断性能,并进一步分析三者与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果:胃癌组TFF3血清浓度显著高于健康对照组[(43.57±19.49)ng/mL对(29.97±14.20)ng/mL,P<0.01],两组间TFF1、TFF2血清浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血清TFF1、TFF2、TFF3诊断胃癌的AUC分别为0.56、0.56和0.83,TFF3诊断性能最高;以33.0ng/mL为TFF3cutoff值,相应敏感性和特异性分别为63.3%和82.8%,预测胃癌风险的OR值为8.27。TFF3血清浓度与胃癌TNM分期、分化程度和淋巴结转移显著相关(P<0.05)。结论:血清TFF3是一个有应用前景的非侵入性胃癌筛查生物学标记物。

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheefficacyofthe14-dmoxifloxacinbasedtripletherapyforthesecond-lineeradicationofHelicobacterpylori(H.pylori)infection.METHODS:Between2011and2013,weconductedaretrospectivereviewofthemedicalrecordsof160patientswhohadexperiencedfailureoftheirfirst-lineprotonpumpinhibitor-basederadicationtherapyandsubsequentlyreceivedthemoxifloxacin-basedtripletherapyasasecond-lineeradicationtreatmentregimen.Thepatientswhoweretreatedwiththemoxifloxacinbasedtripletherapy(oral20mgrabeprazoleb.i.d.,1000mgamoxicillinb.i.d.,and400mgmoxifloxacinq.d.)for7dwereassignedtotheRAM-7group(n=79)whilethosewhotookthemfor14dayswereassignedtoRAM-14group(n=81).Theeradicationratesforbothgroupsweredeterminedbyintentionto-treat(ITT)andper-protocol(PP)analyses.ITTanalysiscomparedthetreatmentgroupsasoriginallyallocatedwhilethePPanalysisincludingonlythosepatientswhohadcompletedthetreatmentasoriginallyallocated.SuccessfuleradicationtherapyforH.pyloriinfectionwasdefinedasthedocumentationofanegative13C-ureabreathtest4wkaftertheendoftheeradicationtreatment.RESULTS:TheoverallITTeradicationratewas76.2%(122/160).ThefinalITTeradicationrateswere70.8%(56/79;95%CI:63.3%-77.1%)intheRAM-7groupand81.4%(66/81;95%CI:74.6%-88.3%)intheRAM-14group(P=0.034).TheoverallPPeradicationratewas84.1%(122/145),andthefinalPPeradicationrateswere77.7%(56/72;95%CI:70.2%-85.3%)intheRAM-7groupand90.4%(66/73;95%CI:82.8%-98.1%)intheRAM-14group(P=0.017).TheH.pylori-eradicationratesintheRAM-14groupweresignificantlyhighercomparedwiththatoftheRAM-7groupaccordingtoboththeITT(P=0.034)andthePPanalyses(P=0.017).Bothgroupsexhibitedgoodtreatmentcompliance(RAM-7/RAM-14group:100%/100%).Theadverseeventrateswere19.4%(14/72)and20.5%(15/73)intheRAM-7andRAM-14groups,respectively(P=0.441).Adverseeventsoccurredin14

简介：目的建立硫代乙酰胺（TAA）诱导的大鼠急性肝损伤模型，探讨Norrin/Frizzled-4在肝损伤间质重建中的作用。方法随机将32只SD大鼠分为正常对照组（N组）8只和TAA诱导组（M组）24只。建立TAA诱导的肝损伤大鼠模型。采用ELISA法检测血清CD105和血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）水平，采用Westernblot法检测原代肝星状细胞和肝组织Norrin/Frizzled-4信号通路中细胞外配体蛋白Norrin和细胞膜特异性受体蛋白Frizzled-4的表达。结果24只TAA诱导组大鼠死亡11只（45.8%）；病理学检查显示急性肝损伤大鼠模型建立成功；对照组血清CD105水平为（2.18±0.05）ng/mL，显著低于TAA处理1w组的（2.36±0.07）ng/mL或2w组的（2.42±0.03）ng/mL，差异均有显著性（P<0.05）；对照组血清VEGF为（61.48±0.39）pg/mL，显著低于模型组的（64.52±0.25）pg/mL，差异均有显著性（P<0.01）；原代肝星状细胞和正常肝组织不表达Norrin蛋白或Frizzled-4蛋白，或表达量很低，急性肝损伤大鼠肝组织Norrin/Frizzled-4表达显著高于正常对照组，差异均有显著性（P<0.01）。结论急性肝损伤大鼠肝组织Norrin/Frizzled-4蛋白表达上调，可能与急性肝损伤初期维持血管网络形态及肝间质重建有关。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofneoadjuvantchemoradiotherapy(NACRT)forresectabilityoflocallyadvancedgastriccancer(LAGC).METHODS:BetweenNovember2007andJanuary2014,29patientswithLAGC(clinicallyT3withdistalesophagusinvasion/T4orbulkyregionalnodemetastasis)thatweretreatedwithNACRTfollowedbyD2gastrectomywereincludedinthisstudy.ResectabilitywasevaluatedwithradiologicandendoscopicexamsbeforeandafterNACRT.Usingthreedimensionalconformalradiotherapy,patientsreceived45Gy,withadailydoseof1.8Gy.Theentiretumorextentandtheregionalmetastaticlymphnodeswereincludedinthegrosstumorvolume.PatientspresentingwitharesectabletumorafterNACRTreceivedatotalorsubtotalgastrectomywithD2dissection.ThepathologictumorresponsewasevaluatedusingJapaneseGastricCancerAssociationhistologicevaluationcriteria.PostoperativemorbiditywasevaluatedusingtheNationalCancerInstitute-CommonTerminologyCriteriaforAdverseEventsversion4.0.Overallsurvival(OS)andprogression-freesurvival(PFS)rateswereestimatedusingaKaplan-Meieranalysisandcomparedusingthelog-ranktest.RESULTS:Allpatientswereassessedasunresectablecases.Twenty-fourpatients(24/29;82.8%)showedLAGConpositronemissiontomography-computedtomography(CT)andcontrast-enhancedCT,whereasfourpatients(4/29;13.8%)withvagueinvasionorabutmenttoanadjacentorganunderwentdiagnosticlaparoscopy.Onepatient(1/29;3.4%),initiallyassessedasaresectablecase,underwentan'openandclosure'afterthetumorwasfoundtobeunresectable.Abutmenttoanadjacentorgan(34.5%)wasthemostcommonreasonforNACRT.TheclinicalresponserateonemonthafterNACRTwas44.8%.AfterNACRT,69%(20/29)ofpatientshadaresectabletumor.Ofthe20patientswitharesectabletumor,18patients(62.1%)underwentaD2gastrectomy.TheR0resectionratewas94.4%andtwopatients(2/18;11.1%)showedacompleteresponse.Themedianfollow-updurationwas13.5mo.Theone-yearOSandPFS

简介：胃肠道柿石较为多见,现报道5例我院经手术证实的胃肠道柿石病例.例1:女性患儿,5岁,因频繁呕吐、上腹部疼痛急诊入院.查体:精神不振,全身无力,心肺无异常,腹平软,右上腹可触及一3.5cm×3cm大小的包块,形状不规则,质较硬,无压痛,活动良好.询问病史,患者在1个月前曾相继进食柿子及黑枣各2市斤左右.诊断为肠道柿石致不完全性肠梗阻.保守治疗1周后病情未能缓解,手术探查发现距屈氏韧带6cm空肠段有一柿石嵌于肠道,肠壁菲薄,上下移动困难,遂切开肠壁取石.术后7天患儿痊愈出院.例2:男,51岁,上腹隐痛不适2年,近半年加重,常有嗳气、反酸,食欲下降,明显消瘦.入院前10天患者触及上腹有一包块而来院就诊,自诉半年前常进食柿子.查体:上腹可触及一球形鸭蛋大肿物,质硬,光滑,可移动,无压痛.胃肠造影示胃内充盈缺损,肿物可移动.诊断为胃内柿石.剖腹取出1枚柿石.术后随访3年,患者情况良好.另3例患者均为儿童,年龄分别为11岁、7岁和3岁.5例患者中,胃内柿石2例,肠道柿石3例.最大柿石如鸭蛋大,重82克,位于成人胃内.肠道柿石最大如鸡蛋,重53克,位于5岁小儿肠腔内.从进食柿子到就诊时间最长为半年,儿童为0.5～2个月.讨论:胃内柿石的初始表现为上腹不适、嗳气,可闻到酸臭味,以后渐出现上腹无规律性疼痛伴呕吐.本组3例肠道柿石均以肠梗阻而来院就诊,表现为呕吐、腹痛伴水、电解质紊乱.查体均触及腹部包块,质硬,形状不规则,有较大范围的活动度,无触痛.2例胃内柿石患者服稀钡造影可见胃内充盈缺损,团块游离可动,可排除肿瘤.柿子含有收敛性红鞣质,与胃酸接触后易凝结成块而积于胃内,因此在胃内较为多见,肠道柿石为胃内柿石碎块排入肠道,与食物残渣聚积而成,患者多因肠梗阻而就诊.所以,如遇腹部活动性包块,应考虑到胃肠道柿石的可能,仔细询问�

简介：近年来,有关肝炎并发血液病的报道日益增多,为探讨病毒性肝炎与血液病的关系,现将我院1999年1月～2000年11月住院病人中5例肝炎合并血液病的典型病例报告如下.

简介：内镜对粘膜病变由于其镜下特殊表现并可病理活检而能作出正确诊断，但对胃腔狭窄尤其当内镜不能通过狭窄部位时会对病变定位或病变性质判断错误。

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheroleoftheoverexpressionofB7-H3inapoptosisincolorectalcancercelllinesandtheunderlyingmolecularmechanisms.METHODS:SW620cellsthathighlyoverexpressedB7-H3(SW620-B7-H3-EGFP)andHCT8cellsstablytransfectedwithB7-H3shRNA(HCT8-shB7-H3)werepreviouslyconstructedinourlaboratory.CellstransfectedwithpIRES2-EGFPwereusedasnegativecontrols(SW620-NCandHCT8-NC).Real-timePCRandwesternblottinganalysiswereusedtodetectthemRNAandproteinexpressionsoftheapoptosisregulatorproteinsBcl-2,Bcl-xlandBax.Acellproliferationassaywasusedtoevaluatethesurvivalrateanddrugsensitivityofthecells.Theeffectofdrugresistancewasdetectedbyacellcycleassay.Activecaspase-3westernblottingwasusedtoreflecttheanti-apoptoticabilityofcells.WesternblottingwasalsoperformedtodeterminetheexpressionofproteinsassociatedwiththeJak2-STAT3signalingpathwayandtheapoptosisregulatorproteinsafterthetreatmentwithAG490,aJak2specificinhibitor,inB7-H3overexpressingcells.ThedatawereanalyzedbyGraphPadPrism6usinganon-pairedt-test.RESULTS:WhetherbyoverexpressioninSW620cellsordownregulationinHCT8,B7-H3significantlyaffectedtheexpressionofanti-andpro-apoptoticproteins,atboththetranscriptionalandtranslationallevels,comparedwiththenegativecontrol(P<0.05).AcellproliferationassayrevealedthatB7-H3overexpressionincreasedthedrugresistanceofcellsandresultedinahighersurvivalrate(P<0.05).Inaddition,theresultsofcellcycleandactivecaspase-3westernblottingprovedthatB7-H3overexpressioninhibitedapoptosisincolorectalcancercelllines(P<0.05).B7-H3overexpressionimprovedJak2andSTAT3phosphorylationand,inturn,increasedtheexpressionofthedownstreamanti-apoptoticproteinsB-cellCLL/lymphoma2(Bcl-2)andBcl-xl,basedonwesternblotting(P<0.05).AftertreatingB7-H3overexpressingcellswiththeJak2-specificinhibitorAG490,thephosphorylationofJak2andSTAT3,andtheexp

简介：目的通过内镜治疗消化道广基息肉。方法内镜下找到息肉后，将肾上腺素液用注射针沿息肉基底边缘注入黏膜下，使局部黏膜发白、肿胀隆起后，采用圈套器套住息肉，用高频电、电凝、电切法摘除息肉，对于个别>2cm广基息肉分两次圈套切除息肉。电凝、电切指数均为2．5，息肉摘除后如发现有渗血或涌血和有穿孔危险时，采用金属钛夹钳夹止血。结果58颗息肉经以上方法摘除后，均无出血穿孔及其它并发症。58颗息肉经病理检查，炎性患肉28颗，腺瘤性忠肉19瘕，增生性忠肉11颗，其中10颗合并轻、中度不典型增生。结论消化道广基息肉采用内镜下高频电摘除，配合黏膜下注射1：10000肾上腺素盐水和止血夹钳夹是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。

简介：AIMToinvestigatetheroleofthecomplement5a(C5a)/C5areceptor(C5aR)pathwayinthepathogenesisofacuteliverfailure(ALF)inamousemodel.METHODSBALB/cmicewererandomlyassignedtodifferentgroups,andintraperitonealinjectionsoflipopolysaccharide(LPS)/D-galactosamine(D-GalN)(600mg/kgand10μg/kg)wereusedtoinduceALF.TheKaplanMeiermethodwasusedforsurvivalanalysis.Serumalanineaminotransferase(ALT)levels,atdifferenttimepointswithina1-wkperiod,weredetectedwithabiochemistryanalyzer.Pathologicalexaminationoflivertissuewasperformed36hafterALFinduction.Serumcomplement5(C5),C5a,tumornecrosisfactor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,high-mobilitygroupproteinB1(HMGB1)andsphingosine-1-phosphatelevelsweredetectedbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbantassay.Hepaticmorphologicalchangesat36hafterALFinductionwereassessedbyhematoxylinandeosinstaining.ExpressionofC5aR,sphingosinekinase1(SphK1),p38-MAPKandp-p38-MAPKinlivertissue,peripheralbloodmononuclearcells(PBMCs)andperitonealexudativemacrophages(PEMs)ofmiceorRAW264.7cellswasanalyzedbywesternblotting.C5aRmRNAlevelsweredetectedbyquantitativereal-timePCR.RESULTSActivationofC5andup-regulationofC5aRwereobservedinlivertissueandPBMCsofmicewithALF.BlockadeofC5aRwithaC5aRantagonist(C5aRaC5aRa)significantlyreducedthelevelsofserumALT,inflammatorycytokines(TNF-α,IL-1βandIL-6)andHMGB1,aswellasthelivertissuedamage,butincreasedthesurvivalrates(P<0.01forall).BlockadeofC5aRdecreasedSphK1expressioninbothlivertissueandPBMCssignificantlyat0.5hafterALFinduction.C5aRapretreatmentsignificantlydownregulatedthephosphorylationofp38-MAPKinlivertissuesofALFmiceandC5astimulatedPEMsorRAW264.7cells.Moreover,inhibitionofp38-MAPKactivitywithSB203580reducedSphK1proteinproductionsignificantlyinPEMsafterC5astimulation.CONCLUSIONTheC5a/C5aRpath

简介：目的观察早期胃癌组织中GTP酶激活蛋白SH3功能区结合蛋白G3BP1和G3BP2的表达变化并探讨其意义。方法选择早期胃癌组织89例和正常对照组织35例，采用免疫组织化学方法检测两组G3BP1蛋白和G3BP2蛋白的表达情况。结果早期胃癌组和正常组G3BP1的阳性率分别为87.64%和60.00%，G3BP2阳性率分别为86.51%和54.28%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.000，0.000）；早期胃癌G3BP1和G3BP2的表达均与幽门螺杆菌感染相关（P=0.000）；早期胃癌组织中G3BP1与G3BP2表达呈正相关（rs=0.252，P=0.017）。结论早期胃癌组织中G3BP1和G3BP2呈高表达，可能与幽门螺杆菌感染紧密相关，两指标异常表达可能在早期胃癌的发生和发展中起重要作用。

简介：溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种发生于肠道的慢性复发性自身免疫性疾病,目前主要认为其病因与免疫因素、遗传、环境及饮食因素有关。病程长、易反复已成为其最突出的临床特征,严重影响了患者生活质量。国内外大量研究表明,维生素D及其受体在UC的病理生理过程中具有重要作用,且维生素D缺乏与疾病活动性相关。现就维生素D与溃疡性结肠炎相关性的研究进展进行一综述。

简介：AIM:Toobservethereversaleffectsofwide-typep53geneonmulti-drugresistanceto5-FU(LOVO/5-FU).METHODS:AftertreatmentwithAd-p53,LOVO/5-FUsensitivityto5-Fuwasinvestigatedusingtetrazoliumdyeassay.Multidrugresistancegene-1(MDR1)geneexpressionwasassayedbysemi-quantitativereversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreactionandtheexpressionofp53proteinwasexaminedbyWesternblotting.RESULTS:Thereversalactivityaftertreatmentwithwidetypep53genewasincreasedupto4.982foldat48h.TheexpressionofMDR1genedecreasedsignificantlyaftertreatmentwithwide-typep53gene,andtheexpressionofp53proteinlastedforabout5d,withapeakat48h,andbegantodecreaseat72h.CONCLUSION:Wide-typep53genehasaremarkablereversalactivityforthehighexpressionofMDR1geneincolorectalcancers.Thereversaleffectsseemtobeinatimedependentmanner.Itmighthavegoodprospectsinclinicalapplication.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheroleofsurvivinandcaspase-3inapoptosisofgastriccarcinoma,aswellasinprognosisofpatientswithgastriccarcinoma.METHODS:Expressionsofsurvivinandcaspase-3wereinvestigatedimmunohistochemicallyin80gastriccarcinomapatientswithoutahistoryofchemo-radiationtherapy.TumorcellapoptosiswasexaminedbyTUNELmethod.RESULTS:Immunohistochemicalanalysisshowedthatsurvivinexpressionwaspositivein61of80patients(76%)withgastriccarcinoma.Incontrast,noexpressionofsurvivininadjacentnormaltissueswasdetected.Expressionlevelofcaspase-3washigherinnormaltissuesthanincarcinoma.Patientswithhigherexpressionofsurvivinhadworsehistologicalgradesandpathologicalstages.Expressionofcaspase-3wassignificantlyassociatedwithhistologicalstages,butnotwiththepathologicalstages.Althoughsurvivinexpressionincarcinomawasnotinverselyrelatedtocaspase-3,patientswithsurvivin(-)andcaspase-3(+)hadthemaximumapoptosisindex.CONCLUSION:Expressionlevelofsurvivinwasassociatedwithhistologicalgradesandpathologicalstagesofthetumor,indicatingthatsurvivinmaybeapoorprognosisfactorforgastriccarcinoma.Unlikecaspase-3,survivin(anapoptosisinhibitor)canmarkedlyinhibittheapoptosisoftumorcells.