简介：神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统（CNS）最常见的一类肿瘤，占了颅内原发肿瘤的35％-60％。2007年世界卫生组织（WH0）中枢神经系统肿瘤分类中将胶质瘤分为Ⅰ-Ⅳ级，其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ级为恶性胶质瘤，大约占所有胶质瘤的77．5％。目前对神经胶质瘤的临床治疗采取以手术治疗为主，结合放疗、化疗等疗法的综合治疗．虽然能延长患者生存时间，但存在高复发率、高致残率、高病死率等问题，总体预后仍然较差。自20世纪70年代以来．维生素C（VC）抗肿瘤作用的研究日益进展，国外的医疗工作者已将其作为肿瘤治疗的补充和替代疗法之一．并报道了静脉注射维生素C治疗神经胶质瘤、卵巢癌、肾细胞癌、乳腺癌、大肠癌、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、膀胱癌等肿瘤的临床病例，认为其能改善患者的临床症状、提高生存质量、延长生存期。本文就维生素C对神经胶质瘤的治疗作用做一综述。

简介：p90核糖体S6蛋白激酶（rihosomalS6kinase，RSK）为Ras信号转导通路下游途径的重要调控因子，对Ras通路起调控作用。近年发现RSK家族与恶性肿瘤发生、发展密切相关。本文就RSK家族与恶性肿瘤的关系作简要综述。

简介：Purposes:Wereportedtherolesandfunctionsofnursesinhomevisitsforbraintumorpatientsusingthefamilyhealthassessmentguideinthestudy.Methods:Onepatientofbraingliomawaschosenasthecaseillustration.Thenursesassessedthepatients’situation,theirfamiliesandlivingenvironmentindividually.Allthesefactorswereanalyzedtogether.Results:Thenursesthenimplementedtheirknowledgeandskillstoadoptdifferentmeasuresindifferentconditions,investigatedthepatients’healthproblemsandcarriedoutpersonalizedeffectiveactions.Conclusions:Nursesshouldputeffortintocommunitynursingtoallowpatientstoliveinasafeenvironment,tosatisfythehealthneedsofhumanbeingandtheirneedsforhealthknowledge,andenhancetheirself-careabilities.

简介：Objective:Toexploretherelationshipbetweenperoxisomeproliferatoractivatedreceptor-gamma(PPARγ)andperoxisomeproliferator-activatedreceptor-gammacoactivator-1(PGC-1)expressioningastriccarcinoma(GC),andanalyzetheircorrelationswithclinicopathologicalfeaturesandclinicaloutcomesofpatients.Methods:Thetwo-stepimmunohistochemicalmethodwasusedtodetecttheexpressionofPPARγandPGC-1in179casesofGC,and108casesofmatchednormalgastricmucosa.Besides,16casesoffreshGCspecimensandcorrespondingnormalgastricmucosaweredetectedforPGC-1expressionwithWesternblotting.Results:ThepositiveratesofPPARγandPGC-1expressionweresignificantlylowerinGC(54.75%,49.16%)thaninnormalgastricmucosa(70.37%,71.30%),respectively(P<0.05).ThedecreasedexpressionofPGC-1inGCwasconfirmedinourWesternblotanalysis(P=0.004).PPARγandPGC-1expressionswererelatedtoLauren’stypesofGC(P<0.05).PositivecorrelationwasfoundbetweenPPARγandPGC-1expressioninGC(rk=0.422,P<0.001).ThesurvivaltimeofPPARγnegativeandpositivepatientswas36.6±3.0vs.38.5±2.7months,andnostatisticaldifferencewasfoundbetweenthe5-yearsurvivalratesoftwogroups(34.4%vs.44.1%,P=0.522,log-ranktest);thesurvivaltimeofPGC-1negativeandpositivepatientswas36.2±2.8vs.39.9±2.9months,whilenostatisticaldifferencewasfoundbetweenthe5-yearsurvivalratesofthetwogroups(32.0%vs.48.2%,P=0.462,log-ranktest)Conclusions:DecreasedexpressionofPPARγandPGC-1inGCwasrelatedtotheLauren’sclassification.TheirexpressionsinGCwerepositivelycorrelated,indicatingthattheirfunctionsingastriccarcinogenesismaybecloselyrelated.

简介：Objectiveandbackground:Althoughp21rashasbeenreportedtobeupregulatedinhepatocellularcarcinomacomplicatingchronichepatitisCtypeI,p21rashasadifferentroleinadvancedstages,asithasbeenfoundtobedownregulated.Thegoalofthisstudywastoinvestigatethestatusofp21rasinearly-stage/low-gradeandlate-stage/high-gradehepatocellularcarcinomaanditspossiblelinktoapoptosis.Materialandmethods:Thirty-fivecaseseachofchronicHCVhepatitistype4(groupI)andcirrhosiswithhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)complicatingchronicHCVhepatitis(groupsIIandIII)wereimmunohistochemicallyevaluatedusingap21raspolyclonalantibody.Theapoptoticindexwasdeterminedinhistologicsectionsusingtheterminaldeoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediatedd-UTPbiotinnickendlabeling(TUNEL)assay.Results:Significantdifferences(P=0.001)weredetectedinp21rasproteinexpressionbetweenthethreegroups.Anear2-foldincreaseinp21rasstainingwasobservedinthecirrhoticcasescomparedtothehepatitiscases,andp21rasexpressionwasdecreasedintheHCCgroup.p21rasexpressioncorrelatedwithstage(r=0.64,P=0.001)andgrade(r=-0.65,P=0.001)intheHCCgroupandgradeintheHCVgroup(r=0.44,P=0.008).Bothp21rasexpressionandTUNEL-LIweresignificantlylowerinlargeHCCscomparedtosmallHCCs(P=0.01each).TheTUNELvalueswerenegativelycorrelatedwithstageintheHCCgroup(r=-0.85,P=0.001).TheTUNELvalueswerealsonegativelycorrelatedwithgradeinboththeHCVandHCCgroups(r=0.89,P=0.001andr=-0.53,P=0.001,respectively).Thep21rasscoresweresignificantlycorrelatedwiththeTUNEL-LIvaluesintheHCCgroup(r=0.63,P=0.001)andHCVgroup(r=0.88,P=0.001).Conclusions:p21rasactsasaninitiatorinHCCcomplicatingtype4chronicHCVandisdownregulatedwithHCCprogression,whichmostlikelypromotestumorcellsurvivalbecauseitfacilitatesthedownregulationofapoptosiswithtumorprogression.