简介:目的:通过对Q值调整非球面切削与标准化LASIK术后视觉质量的观察来分析Q值引导个性化切削技术的临床效果。方法:对2008-01/05等效球镜低于-12.00D的46例88眼进行非球面切削或标准化LASIK术后进行随访,按术前屈光度数将其分为A组(〈-6.00D)和B组(-6.00~-12.00D)两组,对比各组非球面切削与标准化LASIK术后1mo裸眼视力、Q值、夜间眩光、夜间视物质量及满意率(后3者采取问卷调查)。结果:A、B组内非球面切削与标准化LASIK术后裸眼视力差异无统计学意义(t=1.18,P〉0.05;t=0.62,P〉0.05);A、B组内非球面切削与标准化LASIK术后Q值差异无统计学意义(t=-0.93,P〉0.05;t=-0.372,P〉0.05);A组内非球面切削与标准化LASIK术后眩光、夜间视物质量差异无统计学意义(眩光:χ^2=2.397,P>0.05;夜间视物质量:χ2=1.263,P〉0.05);B组内非球面切削与标准化LASIK术后眩光、夜间视物质量差异有统计学意义(眩光:χ^2=10.85,P〈0.01;夜间视物质量:χ^2=10.85,P〈0.01);术后效果满意率达到98%。结论:非球面切削能明显改善-6.00D以上的术后主观视觉质量。
简介:目的探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstemaudioevokedpotential,BAEP)在婴儿耳聋早期诊断的应用价值.方法500例婴儿从出生到6wk内耳声发射(otoacousticemissions,OAE)3次未通过者,拟诊耳聋的患儿进行听阈及BAEP检查.如听阈在65dBSPL以上或BAEP异常者,1~2个月后来复查.如患儿月龄在6-12个月以上,听阈仍在65dBSPL以上者就进行干预及治疗.结果1000耳中正常98耳、轻度耳聋515耳、中度耳聋234耳、重度耳聋80耳、极聋72耳.1~2个月后来复查的有754耳,正常的占233耳、轻度耳聋271耳、中度耳聋203耳、重度耳聋23耳、极度耳聋24耳.与首次比较差异有显著性(P<0.01).结论BAEP检查可以检测婴幼儿听力损害的程度,及跟踪随访,并早期干预,早期治疗及早期语言训练成为可能,使患儿聋而不哑.
简介:目的:研究如何将诱发电位技术应用于视力的客观评定。方法:视力范围0.1~1.5志愿合作受试者共180眼,运用模式翻转视觉诱发电位(PRVEP)技术检测与记载各受检眼各不同信号视角条件下的结果,探究可靠的检测指标。应用SPSS软件对收集数据作统计学处理和分析。结果:确定最小信号视角是客观评估视力的基础,选定P100波幅作为视力量化评价指标。通过对一定条件下P100波幅与视力表视力进行简单相关回归分析,显示二者呈正相关。结论:最小信号视角、P100波幅可作为确切的检测指标。
简介:Simulationcanbedefinedasmalingering,orsometimesfunctionalvisualloss(FVL).Itmanifestsaseithersimulatinganophthalmicdisease(positivesimulation),ordenialofophthalmicdisease(negativesimulation).Consciousbehaviorandcompensationorindemnityclaimsareprominentfeaturesofsimulation.Sincesomeauthorssuggestthatthisisamanifestationofunderlyingpsychopathology,evenconversionisincludedinthiscontext.Intoday’sworld,everyophthalmologistcanfacewithsimulationofophthalmicdiseaseordisorder.Incaseofsimulationsuspect,thephysician’sresponsibilityistoprovethesimulationconsideringthedisease/disorderfirst,andsimulationasanexclusion.Insimulationexaminations,thephysicianshouldbefirmandsmarttoselectappropriatetest(s)toconvincenotonlythesubject,butalsothejudgeincaseofindemnityorcompensationtrials.Almostallophthalmicsensoryandmotorfunctionsincludingvisualacuity,visualfield,colorvisionandnightvisioncanbethesubjectofsimulation.Examinermustbeskillfulinselectingthemostappropriatetest.Apartfromthoseintheliterature,weincludedallkindsofsimulationinophthalmology.Inaddition,simulationexaminationtechniques,suchas,useofOCT(opticalcoherencetomography),frequencydoublingperimetry(FDP),andmodifiedpolarizationtestswerealsoincluded.Inthisreview,wemadeathoroughliteraturesearch,andaddedourexperiencestogivethereadersup-to-dateinformationonmalingeringorsimulationinophthalmology.
简介:目的检测超高度近视眼屈光度数、黄斑中心凹视网膜神经上皮层厚度及图像视觉诱发电位(PVEP)各波的反应振幅与潜伏期,并与正常人比较,评价其差异。方法选择残疾鉴定工作中超高度近视患者20例(40眼)和正常对照组20例(40眼),用综合验光法验光,光学相干断层扫描仪(opticalcoherencetomography,OCT)测量黄斑中心凹神经上皮层厚度,图像视觉诱发电位(PVEP)测量各波的反应振幅与潜伏期,分析超高度近视眼屈光度数、中心凹部神经上皮层厚度及PVEP各波的反应振幅与潜伏期关系。结果超高度近视眼平均眼屈光度数为(18.30±4.67)D,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义;黄斑中心凹平均神经上皮层厚度为(158.54±6.82)μm,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义;PVEP各波的反应潜伏期N75波为(85.26±2.95)ms,P100波为(120.97±10.58)ms,N145波为(153.66±9.03)ms,P100波振幅(5.12±2.03)uv,同对照组相比,各波反应潜伏期明显延迟,振幅低平,差异有统计学意义。结论超高度近视眼与正常眼相比,眼屈光度数越大,黄斑区神经上皮层厚度明显变薄,图像视觉诱发电位(PVEP)各波的反应振幅与潜伏期明显较正常眼差,提示视网膜神经上皮通路功能明显受损。
简介:目的:探讨分析超声乳化手术前作视觉电生理检查对白内障预后的临床价值。方法:选取2009-01/2010-10在我院行白内障超声乳化手术治疗的白内障患者,针对直接和间接眼底镜下眼底窥不清253例,术前作视觉电生理检查了解视网膜和视神经情况以判断预后。结果:该253例患者中有47例经视觉电生理检查提示预后较差,其中接受白内障手术37例,有35例术后视功能恢复也相应较差(术后视力提高≤2行),2例术后视功能恢复情况相对较好(术后视力提高〉2行),另10例放弃手术;206例经视觉电生理检查提示预后较好,其中201例接受白内障手术,有199例术后视功能恢复也相应较好(术后视力提高〉2行),2例术后视功能恢复情况相对较差(术后视力提高≤2行),5例因有全身其他疾病不能手术。结论:白内障术前作视觉电生理检查了解视网膜及视神经情况,对于判断手术预后有良好的可预测性。
简介:目的:探讨近视患者配戴角膜塑形镜(orthokeratology,Ortho-K镜)前后视觉质量的变化情况。方法:选取江苏省溧阳市中医院眼科验配角膜塑形镜55例110眼青少年近视患者,在戴镜前、戴镜后7d,1、3、6mo五个时间点利用OQASTMⅡ视觉质量分析系统和Topolyzer角膜地形图进行检测,分别获得各参数:眼散射指数(opticalscatteringindex,OSI)、MTF截止频率(MTFcutoff)、斯特列尔比(Strehlratio)、OQAS值(OV100%、OV20%、OV9%)、高度不对称性指数(indexofhighestasymmetry,IHA)、高度离心指数(indexofhighestdecentration,IHD)和不规则指数(aberrationcoefficient,ABR)。结果:角膜塑形镜戴镜前裸眼视力为0.21±0.13,戴镜后7d,1、3、6mo分别为0.48±0.15、0.72±0.14、0.93±0.13、1.02±0.13,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。OSI配戴前与配戴后1、3、6mo比较具有统计学差异(P〈0.05)。MTFcutoff配戴前与配戴后1、3、6mo比较具有统计学差异(P〈0.05)。Strehlratio配戴前与配戴后1、3、6mo比较具有统计学差异(P〈0.05)。OV9%配戴前与配戴后1、3、6mo比较具有统计学差异(P〈0.05)。IHA配戴前与配戴后1、3、6mo分别为4.13±3.59、19.11±15.38、17.78±17.12、34.18±23.34,与配戴前相比差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。IHD配戴前与配戴后7d,1、3、6mo分别为0、0.02±0.01、0.02±0.02、0.03±0.02、0.03±0.01,与配戴前相比差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。ABR配戴前与配戴后7d,6mo分别为0.29±0.51、1.23±0.71、2.10±0.59,与配戴前相比差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:夜戴型角膜塑形镜可引起视觉质量的下降,但下降程度轻微。角膜塑形镜治疗青少年初发性近视效果确切,角膜塑形镜能快速、有效地提高裸眼视力,在控制青少年近视发展方面是值得肯定的。
简介:AIM:Toassessthequantitativeassociationbetweenanisometropiamagnitude(AM)andthelossesofresolutionandcontrastsensitivity;andtoexemplifyhowthefunctionoffusionandstereopsisvarywithAMinpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia.METHODS:Atotalof57patientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopiawithoutstrabismus(range:8-35years),weremeasuredrefractiveerror,bestcorrectedvisualacuity(BCVA),fusionandstereopsis,and48patientshavecompletedcontrastsensitivityfunctiontest.AMwasdeterminedbydioptricvectoradditionmodel,andtheamblyopiadepthwasdeterminedbythedifferenceofBCVAinlogMARunitsbetweentheamblyopicandfelloweyes.RESULTS:AMwassignificantlycorrelatedwithbothamblyopiadepth(PearsonR=0.728,P<0.001)andtheinter-oculardifferenceoftheareaunderthelogcontrastsensitivityfunction(AULCSF)(R=0.505,P<0.001).Depthofamblyopiaandtheinter-oculardifferenceofAULCSFwasalsosignificantlycorrelated(R=0.761,P<0.001).Themoreseverityofamblyopia,thepoorerlevelsofcontrastsensitivity.MostpureanisometropeswithAMwaslessthan3.0Dretainfusionandsomestereopsis,butwhenAMweremorethan3.0D,especiallyfortheanisometropeswhoseAMwasmorethan6.0D,fusionandstereopsisfunctionwereseriouslyimpaired.CONCLUSION:Inthepatientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia,higherdegreeofanisometropiaissignificantlyassociatedwithdeeperamblyopia,worsecontrastsensitivity,fusionandstereopsisfunctions.
简介:对有晶状体眼植入后房型人工晶状体是矫正屈光不正的有效方法,植入的后房型人工晶状体目前主要有可植入式接触镜(implantablecontactlens,ICL)和有晶状体眼屈光性晶状体(phakicrefractivelens,PRL)。对术后患者主观视觉质量(视力、对比敏感度)、客观视觉质量(波前像差、点扩散函数、斯特尔比率及光学传递函数)的研究显示,主观视力的提高也伴随着客观视觉质量的改善,但部分患者术后出现光晕及眩光症状。本文主要对ICL和PRL植入术后主观及客观视觉质量的临床研究做一综述,对可影响视觉质量的术后并发症如晶状体前囊膜下混浊、青光眼及角膜内皮功能异常等需进一步远期随访。
简介:AIM:Toreportthelong-termvision-threateningcomplicationsinpatientswhounderwentphakicintraocularlens(pIOLs)implantationforhighmyopia.METHODS:Thisstudywasdesignedfromaconsecutiveseriesofphakicintraocularlenscomplicationandcorrectivesurgeries.Sixteeneyesof13patientshadimplantationofphakicintraocularlensforcorrectionhighmyopiaanddevelopedseriouscomplicationshavebeenincludedinthisstudy.Themeanageofpatientswas38.6±6.35y(range32-50y)andthemeantimeofhistoryofpIOLimplantationforhighmyopiawas6±2y(range2-10y).Beforecorrectivesurgery,bestspectaclecorrectivevisualacuity(BSCVA)rangedfromperceptionto20/200intheeyesinwhichseverecomplicationsoccurred.RESULTS:Cornealdecompensationoccurredin12eyesof9highmyopicpatientsafteranteriorchamberpIOLimplantation.Rhegmatogenousretinaldetachment(RRD)occurredin4eyesof4highmyopicpatientsfollowinganteriorchamberandposteriorchamberpIOLimplantation.Patientswithcornealdecompensation,hadcombinedproceduresconsistingofpIOLremovalandpenetratingkeratoplasty(PKP).RemovalsofpIOL,phacoemulsificationandparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withsiliconeoiltamponadewereperformedinpatientswithRRD.Aftercorrectivesurgeries,allpatientsbutone(P+,patient2,righteye)achievedmoderateBSCVArangedfrom20/200to20/50atthelastvisit.CONCLUSION:PhakicIOLsmaybeeffectiveforthecorrectionofhighmyopia.AlthoughtheseIOLsmayhaveseverecomplicationsanditaffectssafetyandefficacyofthissurgery.Asseenhere,cornealdecompensationandrhegmatogenousretinaldetachmentarepossiblepostoperativevision-threateningcomplicationsofphakicIOLs.Patientsmustbecarefullyexaminedbeforeandaftersurgeryforpossibleendothelialcelllossandvitreoretinalproblems.
简介:目的动态观察家猫视神经损伤后的视觉诱发电位波形改变,探讨检测视神经损伤的检测指标。方法选择成年家猫6只,在鼻内镜下经左侧鼻腔筛蝶窦进路用自制视神经损伤器损伤左侧视神经管以建立外伤性视神经病(traumaticopticneuropathy,TON)模型,以右侧为对照观察瞳孔变化,检测图形翻转视觉诱发电位(pattern-reversalvisualevokedpotential,PR-VEP)的变化。结果损伤后有1只猫出现Marcus—Gunn黑朦强直性瞳孔,5只双侧对光反应无明显差异;PR-VEP监测显示致伤后P100振幅降低,潜伏期延长;术前及术后1h、1d、3d、1周P100平均振幅分别为:8.38,7.22,6.33,5.15,2.89μV,平均潜伏期分别为:84.43,95.50,118.90,124.87,140.50ms;2周以上图形近似一条直线,无明显的振幅、潜伏期可测。其中1d以上的振幅、潜伏期与1d以内的相比差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论Marcus—Gunn氏黑朦强直性瞳孔不适宜作为TON动物模型观测的指标;PR-VEP可以作为检测建立TON动物模型损伤有效的指标;由该模型推论出视神经损伤1d以上的电生理变化基本是一致的,只有量和度的不同,外科干预应越早进行越好(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2008,8:9.11)
简介:目的比较双眼行超声乳化白内障吸除联合植入AcrySofReSTOR与ATLISAtri839MP多焦点人工晶状体(M10L)术后的视觉质量。方法前瞻性非随机对照研究。收集双眼年龄相关性白内障24例(48跟),行超声乳化术,12例(24眼)植入AcrysofReSTOR为对照组,12例(24眼)植入ATLISAtri839MP为实验组,术后3月测量其裸眼远、中及近视力,最佳矫正远、中及近视力,离焦曲线,并通过问卷调查的方式评价患者术后脱镜情况及患者对全程视力的满意度。结果植入ATLISAtri839MP患者的中距离视力高于植入AcrySofReSTOR(P〈0.05),而远、近视力差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。离焦曲线显示两组第一峰位均在附加OD处;第二峰位对照组位于附加-3.0D,实验组位于-1.5D至-3.0D之间,此段呈现平台期。两组患者在各空间频率的对比敏感度比较差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。在调查问卷中,实验组的脱镜率及中距离视力满意度高于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论两种人工晶状体植入术后均可获得良好的远近视力,ATLISAtri839MP人工晶状体能够获得更好的中距离视力及较高的患者满意度,具有更为理想的全程视力。
简介:AIM:Toadaptthelowvision-relatedqualityoflife(LVQOL)instrumentintoTurkishlanguageandtoassessitsvalidityandreliability.METHODS:Thestudywasconductedin387patientsattendingtheCentreofLowVisionRehabilitation,FacultyofMedicine,AnkaraUniversity.Forstatisticalanalyses,theSpearman’scorrelationcoefficient,Cronbach’salphacoefficientandConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis(CFA)wereused.RESULTS:AccordingtoresultsofCFA,theiteminthe'Adjustment'subscalebecauseofhavingthefactorloadingbelow0.40,wasexcludedfromthequestionnaire.ThereliabilityofthequestionnairewasassessedaccordingtoCronbach’salphacoefficients.Thereliabilityofthe'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'subscalewas?琢=0.863;ofthe'Adjustment'subscalewas?琢=0.694;'ReadingandFineWork'was?琢=0.791,and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'was?琢=0.770.Sotheseresultsindicatethatthequestionnaireisreliabletomeasurethevisionrelatedqualityoflifeoflow-visionpatients.Thecorrelationsbetweenthesubscaleswerealsoanalyzed,andthecorrelationbetween'Adjustment'and'ReadingandFineWork'wasfoundtobethelowest(rs=0.336,P<0.001),whereasthestrongestcorrelationwasfoundbetweenthe'ReadingandFineWork',and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'.Additionally,the'Adjustment'dimensionshowedthestrongestcorrelationwithonly'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'dimension.CONCLUSION:Afterremovingthelastitemintheseconddimension,theTurkishadaptationofalldimensionsoftheLVQOLhasbeenshowntobereliable,validandsuitableforuseinpatientswithlowvisioninTurkey.
简介:AIM:ToIntroduceanewspecializedvisualacuitychartforamblyopicchildrenaged3-5yearsoldanditsclinicalapplications.METHODS:ThenewvisualacuitychartandnotationsweredesignedbasedonWeber-Fechnerlaw.Theoptotypeswereredagainstawhitebackgroundandwerespeciallyshapedfourbasicgeometricsymbols:circle,square,triangle,andcross.Aregulargeometricprogressionoftheoptotypesizesanddistributionwasemployedtoarrangein14lines.Theprogressionrateoftheoptotypesizebetweentwolineswas1.2589andthetestingdistancewas3m.VisualacuityscorecouldberecordedaslogMARnotationordecimalnotation.Agestratifieddiagnosticcriteriaforamblyopiaestablishedbyconsensusstatementondiagnosisofamblyopia(2011)amongmembersoftheStrabismusandPediatricOphthalmologyGroup,OphthalmologySociety,ChineseMedicalAssociation(SPOGOSCMA)wereillustratedinthenewvisualacuitychart.RESULTS:Whenassessingvisualacuityinchildrenaged3-5yearsold,thisnewvisualacuitychartthatconsistsoffoursymmetricalshapes(triangle,square,cross,andcircle)overcameaninabilitytorecognizethelettersofthealphabetanddifficultiesindesignatingthedirectionofblackabstractsymbolssuchasthetumbling’E’orLandolt’C’,whichthesubjectswerepronetoloseinterestin.Thevisualacuityscoremayberecordedindifferentnotations:decimalacuityandlogMAR.Thesetwonotationscanbeeasilyconvertedeachotherintheneweyechart.Themeasurementsofthisnewchartnotonlyshowedasignificantcorrelationandagoodconsistencywiththeinternationalstandardlogarithmicvisualacuitychart(r=0.932,P<0.01),butalsoindicatedahightest-retestreliability(89%ofretestscoreswerewithin0.1logMARunitsoftheinitialtestscore).CONCLUSION:Theresultsofthisstudysupportthevalidityandreliabilityofdistancevisualacuitymeasurementsusingtheneweyechartinchildrenaged3to5yearsoverawiderangeofvisualacuities,andtheneweyechartisgreatforearl