简介：Startingfromnonlinearequationsonthef-planecontainingfrictionaldissipationundertheBoussinesqapproximation,anewkindofgeneralizedenergyisproposedastheLyapunovfunction,andaveragesaretakenasanyfunctionsof(x,z)insteadofthecommonly-usedmeansofbilinearfunctionsof(x,z),therebyresultinginanewcriterionofgeneralizednonlinearsymmetricstability.Itshowsthatnotonlymustthedissipativecoefficientbegreaterthanacertaincriticalvaluebuttheinitialdisturbanceamplitudemustbesynchronouslysmallerthananothermarginalvalueaswell.Itfollowsthatthelatterimposesacrucialconstraintontheformer,thusleadingtothefactthatwhentheamplitudeisbiggercomparedtoanothercriticalvalue,generalizednonlinearsubcriticalsymmetricalinstabilitymayoccur.Thenewcriterioncontributesgreatlytotheimprovementofthepreviousresultsofitskind.

简介：Rheologicalpropertiesofpolyphaserocksplayanimportantroleinthedynamicsofthelithosphereandasthenosphere.However,suchfundamentalissueshavenotbeenwellresolved.Atheoreticalanalysishasbeenmadetodevelopexpressionsfortheflowlawsofpolyphaserocksintermsofthevolumefractionsandflowlawsoftheirconstituentphases.Theflowstrengthspredictedbytheproposedmodelforcommoncrustalanduppermantlerockssuchasgranite,diorite,diabaseandlherzolite,andforsynthetictwo-phasecompositessuchasforsterite-enstatiteandwaterice-ammoniadehydrateaggregatesareingoodagreementwithpreviouslydeterminedexperimentalvalues.Theproposedtheoreticalmodelallowsonetocalculate,tothefirstapproximation,theflowlawsofalargenumberofpolyphaserocksatgeologicconditionsbasedontheexperimentallydeterminedflowlawsofarelativelysmallnumberofmonomineralicaggregates.

简介：半的答案性质参量的模型被分析，特别，最不惩罚了那为半摆平参量的模型当矩阵B~TPB是ill-posedor时，将无效单个。根据为线性参量的模型的山脉估计的原则，为半概括了惩罚最少的广场参量的模型被提出，并且一些公式和估计的统计性质被导出。最后，根据模拟例子，一些有用结论被得出。

简介：为勘探地震学的一个重要研究话题是提供一个快精确速度模型从预先叠深度移植。瞄准如此的一个问题，我们建议二次的精确概括了非线性的全球优化迁居速度倒置。首先，我们丢弃在剩余深度和剩余速度之间有一种线性关系并且求婚的假设有使从每次重复的速度模型能尽可能快速走近真正的模特儿的二次的精确的一个速度模型修正方程。第二，我们使用概括非线性的倒置得到全球最佳的速度不安模型到所有踪迹。这个方法能帮助集中速度并且能也减少在倒置期间掉进本地最小的概率。合成数据和Marmousi数据例子证明我们的方法有更高的精确并且需要仅仅一些重复并且因而在复杂区域提高迁居速度分析(MVA)的有实行可能和精确性。

简介：Thispaperpresentsanexperimentalinvestigationonincipientmotionofnon-cohesiveuniformsedimentunderasteady-uniformstreamflowongeneralizedslopingfluvialbeds(combinedlateralandstream-wiseslope).Thecharacteristicparametersaffectingtheincipientmotionofsedimentparticles,identifiedbasedonthephysicalreasoninganddimensionalanalysis,arethethresholdshearstressratio(ratioofthresholdshearstressforslopingbedtothatforhorizontalbed),lateralslope,stream-wiseslopeandangleofreposeofsedimentparticles.Experimentswerecarriedoutintwoducts(closed-conduitflow)havingsectionofsemicircularinvertwiththreetypesofsediments.Inanopenchannelflow(laboratoryflumestudy),theuniformflowisadifficult,ifnotimpossible,propositionforasteeplyslopingchannelandisimpossibletoobtaininanadverselyslopingchannel.Toavoidthisproblem,thetestswereconductedwithaclosed-conduitflow.Equationofcriticalbedshearstressfortheinitialmovementofsedimentparticlesongeneralizedslopingbedswasobtainedusingtheexperimentaldata.

简介：Aheavyrainfallprocess,whichoccurredinShanghaiduring5-6August,2001fromalandfallingtropicaldepression(TD),isexaminedwithacontrolnumericalexperimentbasedonMM5model.Itisfoundthatthecontoursofgeneralizedequivalentpotentialtemperature(θ*)arealmostverticalwithrespecttohorizontalsurfacesneartheTDcenterandmoredenselydistributedthanthoseofequivalentpotentialtemperature(θe).Becausetheatmosphereisnon-uniformlysaturatedinreality,θ*takestheplaceofθeinthedefinitionofconvectivevorticityvector(CVV)sothatanewvector,namelythegeneralizedconvectivevorticityvector(CVV*),isappliedinthisstudy.SinceCVV*canreflectboththesecondarycirculationandthevariationofhorizontalmoistbaroclinicity,theverticalintegrationofverticalcomponentofCVV*isfound,inthisstudy,torepresenttherainfallareasintheTDcasebetterthanpotentialvorticity(PV),moistpotentialvorticity(MPV),generalizedmoistpotentialvorticity(Pm),andCVV,withhigh-valueareaofCVV*correspondingtoheavy-rainfallarea.Moreover,theanalysisfromCVV*impliesthattheHangzhouBaymightplayanimportantroleintheheavyrainprocess.AsensitivityexperimentwithouttheHangzhouBayisthendesignedandcomparedwiththecontrolrun.ItisfoundthattheCVV*becomesweakerthanthatinthecontrolrun,implyingthattheeliminationofHangzhouBayresultsinreducedrainfall.FurtheranalysesshowthattheHangzhouBayprovidessufficientwatervaporandsurfaceheatfluxtotheTDsystem,whichisveryimportanttothegenesisanddevelopmentofmesoscalecloudclustersaroundtheTDandtheassociatedheavyrainfall.

简介：TherearetypicalecosystemsoflittoralwetlandsintheYellowRiverDelta.InordertostudytherelationshipsbetweenTamarixchinensisandenvironmentalvariablesandtopredictT.chinensispotentialdistributionintheYellowRiverDelta,641vegetationsamplesand964soilsampleswerecollectedintheareainOctoberof2004,2005,2006and2007.Thecontentsofsoilorganicmatter,totalphosphorus,salt,andsolublepotassiumweredetermined.Then,theanalyzeddatawereinterpolatedintospatialrasterdatabyKriginginterpolationmethod.Meanwhile,thedigitalelevationmodel,soiltypemapandlandformunitmapoftheYellowRiverDeltawerealsocollected.GeneralizedAdditiveModels(GAMs)wereemployedtobuildspecies-environmentmodelandthensimulatethepotentialdistributionofT.chinensis.TheresultsindicatedthatthedistributionofT.chinensiswasmainlylimitedbysoilsaltcontent,totalsoilphosphoruscontent,solublepotassiumcontent,soiltype,landformunit,andelevation.ThedistributionprobabilityofT.chinensiswasproducedwithalookuptablegeneratedbyGraspModule(basedonGAMs)insoftwareArcViewGIS3.2.TheAUC(AreaUnderCurve)valueofvalidationandcross-validationofROC(ReceiveOperatingCharacteristic)werebothhigherthan0.8,whichsuggestedthattheestablishedmodelhadahighprecisionforpredictingspeciesdistribution.

简介：Thispaperpresentsanewapproachforattenuatingcoherentnoisein3Dseismicdata.Anadaptivebeamformingwithgeneralizedsidelobecanceller(GSC)designmethodologyisutilizedhereasageneralformoflinearlyconstrainedadaptivebeamformingstructure.Itconsistsofafixedbeamformer,andasignal-blockingmatrixinfrontofanunconstrainedadaptivebeamformer.Considerationfofthecomplexityofthegeometryfor3Dseismicsurvey,the3DbeamformingwithGSCtechniqueisdevelopedwithtwokeypoints:(1)sortingalongazimuthsectionstosimplifytherelationshipbetweentraveltimeandoffsetfrom3Dto2D,and(2)dynamicbinningschemetoavoidthepossiblepoorfoldinginsomeazimuthsections.Bothsimulationresultandrealdataexampleshowthatthenewlydeveloped3DbeamformingwithGSCyieldsmorecredibleresultsatarelativelowcost,sufficientstabilityandgoodresolution.

简介：在断热的状况下面的垂直涡度的发展被潜在的涡度和潜在的温度(PV-)并且从一个Lagrangian观点的看法的优点调查。概括倾斜的涡度开发(GSVD)的一个新概念为断热的状况被介绍。当一个粒子在稳定或不稳定的状况下面在凹面斜坡下面或在严厉地倾斜的isentropic表面的凸的斜坡上面正在滑动时，GSVD是涡度开发(VD)的一个并列独立框架，它包括倾斜的涡度开发(SVD)。SVD是为与垂直涡度的快速的开发学习严重天气系统的特殊VD。另外，GSVD澄清VD和SVD。为VD和SVD的标准证明对SVD的要求更比对VD的要求被限制。当一个空气包裹在凹面斜坡下面或在严厉地倾斜的isentropic的凸的斜坡上面是动人的时，在稳定的成层的气氛出现，它的稳定性减少，或在有它的稳定性的不稳定的气氛增加即，它的稳定性z接近零，如果它的CD正在减少，它的垂直涡度能很快发展。理论结果被采用分析旋涡(TPV)出现在TP上，然后滑动了在下面并且移动的一个西藏的高原(TP)在2008年7月下旬东方，在四川省并且沿着长江的中间、更低的活动范围导致重降雨。当它在四川盆的东北边的upslope上向上滑动了时，PV2的变化从0000～0600UTC222008年7月贡献了TPV的增强，自从在两水平涡度s和baroclinitys的变化在垂直涡度的发展有积极效果。在0600UTC222008年7月，为在300Kisentropic表面的SVD的标准满足，意味着SVD显著地发生了并且作出贡献到垂直涡度的发展。有关包围旋涡的VD和SVD的更强壮的信号的外观显示GSVD概念能为诊断天气系统的开发用作一个有用工具。

简介：Theprocessingofnonlineardatawasoneofhottopicsinsurveyingandmappingfieldinrecentyears.Asaresult,manylinearmethodsandnonlinearmethodshavebeendeveloped.Butthemethodsforprocessinggeneralizednonlinearsurveyingandmappingdata,especiallyfordifferentdatatypesandincludingunknownparameterswithrandomornonrandom,areseldomnoticed.Anewalgorithmmodelispresentedinthispaperforprocessingnonlineardynamicmultiple-periodandmultiple-accuracydataderivedfromdeformationmonitoringnetwork.

简介：巴基斯坦的水里的鲒属sihama渔业的钩子和努力数据被用来调查二个密切相关的股票评价模型的性能：逻辑、概括的剩余生产模型。与概括生产模型相比，逻辑模型为象最大的持续产量那样的参数生产了更合理的估计。逻辑、概括的模型分别地在4.265和51.152点估计的Akaikes信息标准价值。S的模拟分析。sihama渔业证明为逻辑模型的估计并且观察的丰富索引是比为概括生产模型的那些靠近的。标准化剩余更近为逻辑模型被散布，但是为概括模型展出了一个稍微增加的趋势。统计孤立点为概括模型为逻辑模型在1989和1993，并且在1981和1999被看见。模仿的结果表明逻辑估计为低CV(变化的系数)接近了真价值，但是广泛地为高CV分散了。相反，概括模型估计为所有CV层次是松开的。估计的生产模型曲线参数根本不是合理的白噪音的测试层次。随为钩子的白噪音R2的增加，每联合起来，努力减少了。因此，我们断定逻辑模型比概括生产模型更相当表演。