简介：Biocharcouldhelptostabilizesoilorganic(SOM)matter,thussequesteringcarbon(C)intothesoil.Theaimofthisworkwastodetermineaneasymethodi)toestimatetheeffectsoftheadditionofbiocharandnutrientsontheorganicmatter(SOM)mineralizationinanartificialsoil,proposedbytheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD),amendedwithglucoseandii)tomeasuretheamountoflabileorganicmatter(glucose)thatcanbesorbedandthusbepartiallyprotectedinthesamesoil,amendedornotamendedwithbiochar.Afactorialexperimentwasdesignedtochecktheeffectsofthreesinglefactors(biochar,nutrients,andglucose)andtheirinteractionsonwholeSOMmineralization.Soilsampleswereinoculatedwithamicrobialinoculumandpreincubatedtoensurethattheirbiologicalactivitieswerenotlimitedbyasmallamountofmicrobialbiomass,andthentheywereincubatedinthedarkat21℃for619d.PeriodicalmeasurementsofCmineralizedtocarbondioxide(CO_2)werecarriedoutthroughoutthe619-dincubationtoallowthemineralizationofbothactiveandsloworganicmatterpools.Theamountofsorbedglucosewascalculatedasthedifferencebetweenthetotalandremainingamountsofglucoseaddedinasoilextract.Twodifferentmodels,theFreundlichandLangmuirmodels,wereselectedtoassesstheequilibriumisothermsofglucosesorption.TheCO_2-Creleasestronglydependedonthepresenceofnutrientsonlywhennobiocharwasaddedtothesoil.ThemineralizationoforganicmatterinthesoilamendedwithbothbiocharandglucosewasequaltothesumofthemineralizationofthetwoCsourcesseparately.Furthermore,asignificantamountofglucosecanbesorbedonthebiochar-amendedsoil,suggestingtheinvolvementofphysico-chemicalmechanismsinlabileorganicmatterprotection.

简介：Throughthemethodsofcorrelationanalysisandmainfactoranalysis,therelationshipbetweenthepoplarINAbacterialcankerandcircumstanceswasanalyzedand9mainfactorsforaffectingthediseasewereselected.Basedonthecomprehensiveanalysisofmainfactorsandinducedfactors,thestandardforriskgradesofthisdiseasewaspromotedandnortheastregionofChinawasdividedinto4districtswithdifferentriskgrades:seriouslyoccurringdistrict,commonlyoccurringdistrict,occasionallyoccurringdistrict,andun-occurringdistrict.NonlinearregressionanalysisforsixmodelcurvesshowedthattheRichardgrowthmodelwassuitablefordescribingthetemporaldynamicsofpoplarINAbacterialcanker.Bystepwisevariableselectionmethod,themulti-variablelinearregressionforecastingequationwassetuptopredictthenextyear'sdiseaseindex,andtheGM(1,1)modelwasalsosetupbygreymethodtosubmitmiddleorlongperiodforecast.

简介：Background:Climatechangetriggeredmanystudiesshowingthattrendsandeventsofenvironmentalconditionscanreducebutalsoaccelerategrowthatthestandandindividualtreelevel.However,itisstillratherunknownhowclimatechangemodifiesthegrowthpartitioningbetweenthetreesinforeststands.Methods:Basedonlong-termgirth-tapemeasurementsinmaturemonospecificandmixed-speciesstandsofNorwayspruce(Piceaabies(L.)Karst.)andEuropeanbeech(FagussylvaticaL.)wetracedtheeffectoftheseveredroughtsin2003and2015fromthestand-downtothetreelevel.Results:StandgrowthofNorwaysprucedecreasedbyabout30%intheonce-in-a-centurydrought2015,whileEuropeanbeechwasmuchmoredroughtresistant.Wateravailabilitygenerallyamplifiedsize-asymmetricgrowthpartitioning.EspeciallyincaseofNorwaysprucewateravailabilityprimarilyfosteredthegrowthofpredominanttrees,whereasdroughtfavouredthegrowthofsmalltreesattheexpenseofthepredominantones.Wecouldnotdetectsignificantdifferencesbetweenmixedandmonospecificstandsinthisregard.Conclusions:Thedrought-inducedreallocationofgrowthinfavourofsmalltreesincaseofsprucemayresultfromitsisohydriccharacter.Wehypothesizethatassmalltreesareshaded,theycanbenefitfromthereducedwaterconsumptionoftheirsun-exposedtallerneighbours.Incaseofbeech,asananisohydricspecies,talltreessufferlessandsmallertreesbenefitlessunderdrought.Thediscussionelaboratestheconsequencesofthewaterdependentgrowthallocationforforestmonitoring,growthmodelling,andsilviculture.

简介：Inthecontextofglobalcarboncyclemanagement,accurateknowledgeofcarboncontentinforestsisarelevantissueincontemporaryforestecology.Wemeasuredtheabove-groundandsoilcarbonpoolsinthedarkconiferousborealtaiga.Wecomparedmeasuredcarbonpoolstothosecalculatedfromtheforestinventoryrecordscontainingvolumestockandspeciescompositiondata.Theinventorydataheavilyunderestimatedthepoolsinthestudyarea(StolbyStateNatureReserve,centralKrasnoyarskTerritory,RussianFederation).Thecarbonpoolestimatedfromtheforestinventorydatavariedfrom25(tha-1)(low-densitystands)to73(tha-1)(highlystockedstands).Ourestimatesrangedfrom59(tha-1)(lowdensitystands)to147(tha-1)(highlystockedstands).Ourvaluesincludedlivingtrees,standingdeadwood,livingcover,brushwoodandlitter.Wefoundthattheproportionofbiomasscarbon(livingtrees):soilcarbonvariedfrom99:1to8:2forfullystockedandlow-densityforeststands,respectively.Thiscontradictsthecommonunderstandingthatthebiomassintheborealforestsrepresentsonly16–20%ofthetotalcarbonpool,withthebalancebeingthesoilcarbonpool.

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