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简介：AbstractMucormycosis is a lethal human disease caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Mucormycosis is caused by fungi mainly belonging to the genera Mucor, Rhizopus, and Lichtheimia, all of which belong to the order Mucorales. The number of individuals with mucormycosis-causing disorders has increased in recent years, hence, leading to the spread of mucormycosis. Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, numerous cases of mucormycosis in COVID-19-infected patients have been reported worldwide, and the illness is now recognized as COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, with most of the cases being reported from India. Immunocompromised patients such as those with bone marrow sickness and uncontrolled diabetes are at a greater risk of developing mucormycosis. Genes, pathways, and other mechanisms have been studied in Mucorales, demonstrating a direct link between virulence and prospective therapeutic and diagnostic targets. This review discusses several proteins such as high-affinity iron permease (FTR1), calcineurin, spore coat protein (CotH), and ADP-ribosylation factors involved in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis that might prove to be viable target(s) for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

简介：AbstractIn order to effectively implement the Tianjin Biosecurity Guidelines for Codes of Conduct for Scientists, biosecurity awareness-raising and education are essential because if these are not in place scientists will not understand the need for biosecurity codes of conduct. In an effort to assist in the implementation of the guidelines, a small-scale survey was carried out in early 2022 of biosecurity awareness-raising and education projects that have been developed over the last two decades to discover what resources and experience have been accumulated. It is argued that the survey demonstrates that much of what is needed to implement the guidelines effectively has been developed, but that there are specific deficiencies that need to be remedied quickly. In particular, an updated teaching resource covering the core issues related to the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) and the problem of dual use in scientific research needs to be made widely available and translated into at least the six official United Nations (UN) languages. Additionally, more specialists from the Humanities with expertise in ethics need to become involved in biosecurity awareness-raising and education activities. While advantage should be taken now of the available national, regional and international networks of people involved in related activities, it is suggested that in the longer term cooperation in biosecurity awareness-raising and education will benefit from the development of an equivalent organisation to the International Nuclear Security Education Network (INSEN) organised through the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

简介：AbstractBackground:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide. Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health (OH) and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic diseases. In a very recent study, we developed an evaluation system for OH performance through the global OH index (GOHI). This study applied the GOHI to evaluate OH performance for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods:The framework for the OH index on zoonoses (OHIZ) was constructed including five indicators, 15 subindicators and 28 datasets. Publicly available data were referenced to generate the OHIZ database which included both qualitative and quantitative indicators for all sub-Sahara African countries (n = 48). The GOHI algorithm was used to estimate scores for OHIZ. Indicator weights were calculated by adopting the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.Results:Overall, five indicators associated with weights were generated as follows: source of infection (23.70%), route of transmission (25.31%), targeted population (19.09%), capacity building (16.77%), and outcomes/case studies (15.13%). Following the indicators, a total of 37 sub-Sahara African countries aligned with OHIZ validation, while 11 territories were excluded for unfit or missing data. The OHIZ average score of sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at 53.67/100. The highest score was 71.99 from South Africa, while the lowest score was 40.51 from Benin. It is also worth mentioning that Sub-Sahara African countries had high performance in many subindicators associated with zoonoses, e.g., surveillance and response, vector and reservoir interventions, and natural protected areas, which suggests that this region had a certain capacity in control and prevention or responses to zoonotic events.Conclusions:This study reveals that it is possible to perform OH evaluation for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa by OHIZ. Findings from this study provide preliminary research information in advancing knowledge of the evidenced risks to strengthen strategies for effective control of zoonoses and to support the prevention of zoonotic events.

简介：AbstractBackground:Being able to predict with confidence the early onset of type 2 diabetes from a suite of signs and symptoms (features) displayed by potential sufferers is desirable to commence treatment promptly. Late or inconclusive diagnosis can result in more serious health consequences for sufferers and higher costs for health care services in the long run.Methods:A novel integrated methodology is proposed involving correlation, statistical analysis, machine learning, multi-K-fold cross-validation, and confusion matrices to provide a reliable classification of diabetes-positive and -negative individuals from a substantial suite of features. The method also identifies the relative influence of each feature on the diabetes diagnosis and highlights the most important ones. Ten statistical and machine learning methods are utilized to conduct the analysis.Results:A published data set involving 520 individuals (Sylthet Diabetes Hospital, Bangladesh) is modeled revealing that a support vector classifier generates the most accurate early-onset type 2 diabetes status predictions with just 11 misclassifications (2.1% error). Polydipsia and polyuria are among the most influential features, whereas obesity and age are assigned low weights by the prediction models.Conclusion:The proposed methodology can rapidly predict early-onset type 2 diabetes with high confidence while providing valuable insight into the key influential features involved in such predictions.

简介：摘要：随着社会的不断发展和进步，城市化进程的加快，园林绿化工程对于我国的城市建设起着越来越重要的作用。在园林绿化施工过程中，反季节施工是最较为常见的施工工艺，在进行反季节施工时，要遵循一定的规则，遵守绿植的生长习性，在合适的时间进行反季节栽植。利用反季节施工技术，能够突破季节对种植绿化的影响，加快施工进度，缩短施工工期，在最短的时间的完成园林景观效果。本文从优化城市形象、改善生活环境以及提升绿化水平几方面着手，阐述了反季节施工技术的重要性，阐述园林绿化工程反季节施工存在的问题提出了几点应对策略，为我国城市园林绿化工程高质量建设创造良好的条件。

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简介：摘要：目的：研究心理治疗和心理护理对妇科手术患者心理的影响。方法：选取本院收治的妇科手术患者80人，平均分为实验组和对照组，实验组妇科手术患者在常规护理模式中增加心理护理，对照组实行常规护理。根据实验结果进一步研究观察。结果：实验组患者心理状况更好。结论:心理治疗和心理护理对妇科手术患者心理具有良好的影响。

简介：摘要：小学阶段是学生成长发育的关键时期，小学阶段的心理健康教育指导，对于青少年的身心健康发展产生着重要的影响。本文从小学生心理健康教育现状、心理健康教育在小学教师工作中渗透的必要性入手，分别从班主任教师和学科教师教学的角度，探索了心理健康教育在教师工作中的渗透方式：在班级管理工作中渗透、在学科教学中渗透、在家庭教育中渗透。

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简介：【摘要】目的：研究心理干预用于白癜风的价值。方法：2020年1月-2021年1月本科接诊白癜风病患100例，随机均分2组。研究组采取心理护理，对照组行常规护理。对比SAS评分等指标。结果：对于SDS和SAS这两项指标，研究组干预后都比对照组低，P＜0.05。对于满意度这项指标，研究组98.0%，比对照组84.0%高，P＜0.05。结论：于白癜风中用心理干预，负性情绪缓解迅速，满意度较高。

简介：【摘要】众人皆知，健康的一半是心理健康。但是在学生中，有些出现了心理问题，他们焦虑，抑郁，恐惧，神经衰弱，人际关系紧张，甚至因为心理疾病不能继续学习或离家出走或想要自杀等。教育者通过心理辅导，运用心理健康知识与辅导技能，帮助他们树立正确的心理健康意识，正确预防和干预他们的心理问题，为他们的健康成长与生命安全保驾护航。

简介：【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展以及生活环境的变化，使得现代人们的生活压力也越来越大，在承重的心理压力影响下，机体可能会产生不同的变化，进而引发了心理障碍，使得出现心理疾病的患者数量明显增多，尤其是在肿瘤及高血压、糖尿病等慢性疾病患者中。当机体出现疾病时，患者可能对疾病产生各种反面情绪，或是加重了已有的心理问题，而不良的情绪对于疾病的预后以及转归也有重要的影响。因此，需要通过有效的干预措施来缓解患者的心理问题。而心理护理这是目前临床根据这一问题提出的相应解决措施，能够通过心理护理来缓解患者的精神压力，从而确保临床治疗的有效性。文章主要针对心理护理对患者心理健康的影响展开分析。

简介：摘要：随着老龄化严重，老年人的心理健康成了社会上一个越来越重视的问题。本文针对老年人研究分析了他们孤独、怀旧、多疑、牵挂等心理问题，为老年人的心理保健与心理养生提出几点建议。心理保健方面，要做到大力开展老年人健康教育，帮助老年人养成健康的生活习惯；提高社区为老年人工作的频率，多组织老人游玩参观；提倡心理治疗，促进老人的心理健康。心理养生方面，老年人要学会不过度依赖家人，多做做一些力所能及的小事；与自己和解，不总是怀念过去，沉湎其中无法自拔；学会知足常乐，不与他人比较，只要自己生活简单幸福就好等积极健康的思想，以此促进老年人的心理健康。

简介：【摘要】目的：分析心理测量对焦虑症心理护理患者的应用价值及心理状态的护理效果。方法：采用随机数字盲选的方法，将我院自2022年2月-2022年10月收治的84例焦虑症心理护理患者分为对照组和观察组各42例。对照组给予常规护理干预；观察组采用心理测量措施干预。对比两组患者护理疗效。结果：护理干预后，观察组患者护理应用价值较对照组有明显提高；观察组患者的心理状态较对照组有明显变化。结论：护理人员采用心理测量的护理治疗手段，提高了患者的护理应用价值和心理状态，值得推广。

简介：摘要：初中是学生重要的心理发展时期。在此时期，学生的认知能力和心理需要积极向上的引导。中学生的思想还未发育成熟，对新事物的接受能力较强，同时受到外界诱惑的影响也更大。这个时候，对他们进行心理疏导，是至关重要的。因此，在这一时期，教师要加建立学校、家庭、社会三位一体机制、创设实践教学情境，增加学生的情感体验、实施心理健康教育必须加大德育工作力度、注重体验，开展心理健康教育活动等内容，使初中生的身心得到充分的发展。

简介：【摘要】目的：分析心理测量对焦虑症心理护理患者的应用价值及心理状态的护理效果。方法：采用随机数字盲选的方法，将我院自2022年2月-2022年10月收治的84例焦虑症心理护理患者分为对照组和观察组各42例。对照组给予常规护理干预；观察组采用心理测量措施干预。对比两组患者护理疗效。结果：护理干预后，观察组患者护理应用价值较对照组有明显提高；观察组患者的心理状态较对照组有明显变化。结论：护理人员采用心理测量的护理治疗手段，提高了患者的护理应用价值和心理状态，值得推广。

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简介：摘要：目的：调查研究对于患有胃癌的患者来说，在其护理的过程当中，应用心理护理干预手段对其心理状态产生的实际影响，从而有效的缓解胃癌患者的疾病痛苦。方法：为使得调查拥有更高的科学性和准确性，运用了对比分析的方式，调查周期为2年，调查开始于2017年8月，结束于2019年8月，按照护理干预模式应用的不同划分，成为了干预组和参照组，共计调查对象为50例，每组各有25例，参照组应用常规式的护理模式，干预组在常规护理模式的基础之上采取更具有针对性的心理护理干预模式。对两个小组在接受护理干预之后的心理变化情况进行综合分析，心理变化情况主要通过焦虑自评量表（SAS）以及抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行综合评估。结果：根据组在接受相应的护理之后，在心理状态方面，比参照组的评估数据更优（P

简介：摘要：俗话说少年强则国强、少年志则国志、少年优秀则国家优秀。那么幼儿时期的孩子们作为祖国的花骨朵儿，更应该受到重点关注和保护。幼儿时期的孩子们还处于心智不成熟的阶段，他们对于世界和社会的认知大多数来自于父母和老师。家长在教育孩子们的时候不仅需要关注到身体健康和学习成绩，而且还需要关注到孩子们的心理健康。幼儿时期孩子们的心理是否健康将会对他们的一生产生重要的影响，因此研究幼儿心理健康教育极其重要。