简介：“Forcedlearning”referstothefactinChinathatsomestudentsareforcedtolearnbyparentsandteachers,regardlessoftheirownwishes.Sometimes,someparentsandteachersevenforcestudentstolearnthroughdisciplinaryactions.Specifically,studentsareimposedinthefollowingfouraspectsbyparentsandteachers:learningtime,learningcontents,learningfrequency,andlearningdifficulty,soitcausedbadconsequencesthatsomestudents’studytooktoomuchtime,coveredexcesscontents,isrepeatedtoomuchandistoodifficult.“Forcinglearning”destroyedthenatureofstudents,overdrewstudents’potential,andharmedstudents’physicalandmentalhealth.Inordertochangethisexistingsituationof“forcedlearning”,parentsandteachersshouldclarifythenatureofknowledgeandbroadenthewaystudentsacquireknowledge,activatestudents’innerstudymotive,andguidethemtolearnconsciouslyandactively,createaharmoniouseducationalenvironment,andmakefulluseofstudents’“children”nature;parentsandteachersstrengthencooperationtogivestudentsscientificguidanceonpsychology,emotion,andlearning.

简介：SignificantchangeshaveoccurredintheAntarcticPeninsula(AP)includingwarmertemperatures,acceleratedmeltingofglaciers,andbreakupoficeshelves.ThisstudyusestheWeatherResearchandForecastingmodel(WRF)forcedbytheCommunityClimateSystemModel4(CCSM)simulationstostudyfoehnwindwarminginAP.Wea-thersystemsresponsibleforgeneratingthefoehneventsaretwocyclonicsystemsthatmovetowardand/orcrossoverAP.WRFsimulatesthemovementofcyclonicsystemsandtheresultingfoehnwindwarmingthatisabsentinCCSM.ItisfoundthatthewarmingextentalongatransectacrossthecentralAPtowardLarsenCIceShelf(LCIS)variesduringthesimulationperiodandthemaximumwarmingmovesfromnearthebaseofleewardslopestoover40kmawayextendingtowardtheattachedLCIS.Ouranalysissuggeststhatthefoehnwindwarmingisnegativelycorrelatedwiththeincomingairtemperatureandthemountaintoptemperatureduringperiodswithoutsignificantprecipitation,inwhichisentropicdrawdownisthedominantheatingmechanism.Ontheotherhand,whensignificantprecipitationoccursalongthewindwardsideofAP,latentheatingisthemajorheatingmechanismevidencedbypositiverelationsbetweenthefoehnwindwarmingand1)incomingairtemperature,2)windwardprecipitation,and3)latentheating.Foehnwindwarmingcausedbyisentropicdrawdownalsotendstobestrongerthanthatcausedbylatentheating.ComparisonofWRFsimulationsforcedbyoriginalandcorrectedCCSMdataindicatesthatfoehnwindwarmingisstrongerintheoriginalCCSMforcedsimulationwhennosignificantwindwardprecipitationispresent.Thefoehnwindwarmingbecomesweakerinbothsimulationswhenthereissignificantwindwardprecipitation.Thissuggeststhatmodel’sabilitytoresolvethefoehnwarmingvarieswiththeforcingdata,buttheprecipitationimpactontheleewardwarmingisconsistent.

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