简介：Thereisalargegapbetweenthenumberofmembraneprotein(MP)sequencesandthatoftheirdecoded3Dstructures,especiallyhigh-resolutionstructures,duetodifficultiesincrystalpreparationofMPs.However,detailedknowledgeofthe3DstructureisrequiredforthefundamentalunderstandingofthefunctionofanMPandtheinteractionsbetweentheproteinanditsinhibitorsoractivators.Inthispaper,somecomputationalapproachesthathavebeenusedtopredictMPstructuresarediscussedandcompared.

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简介：Thisreviewbeginswithabriefcommentaryonthediversityofplacentationmechanisms,andthengoesontoexaminetheextensivealterationswhichoccurintheplasmamembraneofuterineepithelialcellsduringearlypregnancyacrossspecies.Ultrastructural,biochemicalandmoregeneralmorphologicaldatarevealthatstrikinglycommonphenomenaoccurinthisplasmamembraneduringearlypregnancydespitethediversityofplacentaltypes-fromepitheliochorialtohemochorial,whichultimatelyformindifferentspecies.Toencapsulatetheconceptthatcommonmorphologicalandmolecularalterationsoccuracrossspecies,thattheyarefoundbasolaterallyaswellasapically,andthatmoreovertheyareanongoingprocessduringmuchofearlypregnancy,notjustaneventatthetimeattachment,braneduringearlypregnancyarekeytouterinereceptivity.

简介：Inthepresentstudythemembranefoulinginmicrofiltrationusedforcellharvestinginadeadendsystemhasbeeninvestigated.experimentalresultswereanalysedintermsofexitingmembranefiltrationmodelsandmembraneresistances.Thecakefiltrationmodel(CFM)andstandardblockingmodel(SBM)havebeenconsideredinthisstudy.Variousmembraneresistancesweredeterminedatdifferentprocessingtime,feedconcentrationandstirringspeed.Resistancestopermeationinthissystemincludefiltermedium,poreblocking,adsorption,cakelayerandconcentrationpolarization.

简介：Thecross-sectionandsurfacestructuresofwingmembranesfromthectenochasmatidpterosaurBeipiaopteruschenianuswereobservedthroughascanningelectronmicroscope(SEM).Theresultsshowthatthewingmembranecontainsahighdensityofbloodvessels,implyingstrongthermoregulatoryfunction,similartothatofabatwingmembrane.Thisisthefirstcomparisonofthemicrostructuresofpterosaurwingmembraneswiththoseofthemodernbat.Itisinferredthatabat-likephysiologyexists,atleastinrelativelysmallpterosaurssuggestingthatthesepterosaurswerewarm-blooded,activefliers.

简介：Thispapergivesallthetwo-dimensionalmembranemodelsobtainedfromformalasymptoticanalysisofthethree-dimensionalgeometricallyexactnonlinearmodelofathinelasticshellmadewithaSaintVenant-Kirchhoffmaterial.Therefore,theothermodelscanbequotedasflexuralnonlinearones.Theauthoralsogivestheformalequationssolvedbytheassociatedstresstensorandpointsoutthatonlyoneofthosemodelsleads,bylinearization,tothe“classical”linearlimitingmembranemodel,whosejuetificationhasalreadybeenestablishedbyaconvergencetheorem.

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简介：Rabbitlimbalcornealepithelialcells,cornealendothelialcellsandkeratocyteswereculturedonamnioticmembrane.Phasecontrastmicroscopeexaminationwasperformeddaily.Histologicalandscanelectronmicroscopicexaminationswerecarriedouttoobservethegrowth,arrangementandadhesionofcultivatedcells.Resultsshowedthatthreecornealcelltypesseededonamnioticmembranegrewwellandhadnormalcellmorphology.Culturedcellsattachedfirmlyonthesurfaceofamnioticmembrane.Cornealepithelialcellsshowedsingularlayerorstratification.Cellboundarieswereformedandtightlyopposed.Cornealendothelialcellsshowedcobblestoneorpolygonalmorphologiccharacteristicsthatappeareduniforminsize.Thecellulararrangementwascompact.Keratocyteselongatedandshowedtriangleordendriticmorphologywithmanyintercellularjointswhichcouldformnetworks.Inconclusion,amnioticmembranehasgoodscaffoldproperty,diffusioneffectandcompatibilitywithcornealcells.Thebasementmembranesideofamnioticmembranefacilitatedthegrowthofcornealepithelialcellsandendothelialcellsandcelljunctionsweretightlydeveloped.Thespongylayerofamnioticmembranefacilitatedthegrowthofkeratocytesandintercellularjointswererich.Amnioticmembraneisanidealbiomaterialforlayeringtissueengineeredcornea.

简介：TheE(envelope)proteinisthesmalleststructuralproteininallcoronavirusesandistheonlyviralstructuralproteininwhichnovariationhasbeendetected.WeconductedgenomesequencingandphylogeneticanalysesofSARS-CoV.Basedongenomesequencing,wepredictedtheEproteinisatransmembrane(TM)pro-teincharacterizedbyaTMregionwithstronghydrophobicityandα-helixcon-formation.Weidentifiedasegment(NH2-_L-Cys-A-Y-Cys-Cys-N_-COOH)inthecarboxyl-terminalregionoftheEproteinthatappearstoformthreedisulfidebondswithanothersegmentofcorrespondingcysteinesinthecarboxyl-terminusoftheS(spike)protein.ThesebondspointtoapossiblestructuralassociationbetweentheEandSproteins.OurphylogeneticanalysesoftheEproteinsequencesinallpub-lishedcoronavirusesplaceSARS-CoVinanindependentgroupinCoronaviridaeandsuggestanon-humananimalorigin.

简介：Theeffectoflanthanumiononmembranepermeabilityofcornrootsegmentisstudied.ResultsshowsthattreatmentoftherootsegmentswithLaCl3·7H2Ocandecreasetheionleakageoftheroottissue.Theleakagedecreaseshyincreasingtheconcentrationoflanthanum,andtheconcentrationhasnofurtherdependenceonionleakagesabove25μmol/L.Aftertreatingtheroottissueforonehourwithlanthanumion,theamountofleak-agehaslineardependenceontimewithinthefirst2handaftertwohourstheleakageincreases.Theionleakageofthetissuedependesonthetimeoflanthanumtreatment.Whenthedurationoftreatmentisprolonged,theleakagedecreasesrapidlyandtheleakagereachesaminimumat30minutes.Otherrareearthelementscanalsodecreaseionleakage.Thereisnosignificantdifferenceintheionleakageamongtheseelements.

简介：ＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＡＶＥＲＳＡＴＩＬＥＳＥＮＳＩＮＧＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＥＦＯＲＩＭＭＵＢＩＬＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＰＲＯＴＥＩＮＡＮＤＡＮＥＷＩＭＭＯＢＩＬＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤＹ．Ｋ．Ｚｈｏｕ，Ｊ．Ｗ．Ｙｕａｎ，Ｓ．Ｑ．Ｘｕ，Ｂ．Ｈ．Ｓｈｕ（Ｄ...

简介：Objective:Toconstructarecombinantplasmidcontainingtheoutermembraneprotein2(Omp2)geneofChlamydiatrachomatisandexpressOmp2inE.coli.Methods:Theomp2geneofC.trachomatisserovarDwasclonedintopQE30vectorfollowingPCRamplificationfromgenomicDNA.E.coliM15transformantswereinducedtoexpressthefusionproteinbyIPTGandtheproductwasidentifiedbySDS-PAGEandWesternblot.Results:ConfirmedbyenzymecleavageanalysisandDNAsequencing,acorrectrecombinantplasmidpQE30/omp2wasconstructed.Thefusionproteinfromthetransformantswasapproximately60kDainsizeinSDS-PAGEanalysis,whichcouldspeciallyreactwithanti-6×HismousemonoclonalIgGantibodies.Conclusion:WesuccessfullyexpressedOmp2inE.coilM15,providinganefficientandsimplesystemforassayingtheimmunologicalpropertiesofOmp2.

简介：制作合成马赛克膜的一个新奇方法被涂层根据界面的聚合(IP)学习薄选择的层到多微孔的空纤维的膜的表面上，在哪个，2,5-diaminobenzene酸性硫酸基的酸被用作IP反应的一单体，并且trimesoyl氯化物(TMCl)和4-(chloromethyl)的混合物benzoyl氯化物作为另外的单体。通过与否定地为充电的组一起的薄选择的层能是的IP反应，第一在polyethersulfone(足)上形成了支持膜。然后，trimethylamine答案被介绍通过quaternization反应修改IP层。因此，否定地两个都包含的这合成的膜的选择的层收费了并且断然为组充电了执行马赛克功能。合成马赛克膜的描述用不同的无机的盐和染料通过浸透实验被执行。试验性的结果证明膜能渗入一价、二原子价的无机的盐，但是拒绝更大的器官的分子。如此的马赛克膜为从水溶性的organics的盐的分离是潜在地有用的，特别在染料和纺织品工业。

简介：Toobservetheprocessofinvasion,retinaofratwasusedasamodeltosubstitutetheinnerlimitingmembraneofretinaforthebasementmembrane.RetinainvadedbyesophagealcarcinomacellsandB16melanomacellsupontheinnerlimitingmembranewasstudiedbyscanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.Theresultsshowedthattheinnerlimitingmembranewasdestroyedbybothkindsoftumorcells.Theprocessofdestructionwasfollowedbyaseriesoftransformationsintheinnerlimitingmembrane,i.e.folding,swelling,thickening,andgranularchange.Theinnerlimitingmembranewasdissolvedfocallyasaresultoftransformation,andthentumorcellsinvadedtheretinathroughthesedissolvedregions.Itseemsthat,asabarrier,theinnerlimitingmembraneplaysasimilarroleasthebasementmembrane.

简介：Anureaadsorbentwithanaldostructurewasobtainedbytheoxidationofacrosslinkedβ-cyclodextrinpolymer.Thehighestureaadsorptioncapacityreached56.7mg/gin0.05Maqueousphosphatebuffer37℃andpH=7.4,anddecreaseto4.8mg/gininaqueoushumanserumalbumin.Thecompositeadsorbentwaspreparedbytheoxidationofacrosslinkedβ-cyclodextrinanddialyticmembrane.Itwasfoundthatthecompositeadsorbenthasahigherureaadsorptionselectivityandcapacitycomparedtothatoftheoxidationofacrosslinkedβ-cyclodextrinadsorbentwhenureaisinaqueoushumanserumalbumin.

简介：聚氯乙烯上的一个预研项目空纤维ultrafiltrationmembrane过程为对待表面水被进行。膜系统在不同常数下面在thedead结束过滤模式被操作渗入流动。结果证明优化操作(transmembrane压力≤0.1MPa，过滤时间≤30min)与水力的清洗(30s)并且化学清洗(30min，吗清洗的化学药品在过滤的16个周期以后被执行)保证相当稳定的流动(1100L/(m~2吗？h？MPa))并且好渗入质量(混浊<0。1NTU)。照原尺寸的植物能被建议与常数的混合策略操作渗入流动模式(transmembrane压力≤0.1MPa)并且constanttransmembrane压力模式。当未加工的水的温度下面成为5℃时，一个constanttransmembrane压力模式应该被使用；否则一个常数渗入流动模式(transmembranepressure≤0.1MPa)能被操作。这样，极端过滤膜的不可逆的犯规能被最小化保留稳定的流动并且使膜的生活更长。

简介：Fourtestingmethodsusingcationexchangemembrane(CEM),ammoniumacetate,ASI(0.25molL^-1NaHCO3+0.01molL^-1EDTA+0.01molL^-1NH4F)and1.0molL^-1boilingnitricacid,respectively,wereusedtoevaluatesoilavailableK.ThesoilKtestedbyCEMwassignificantlycorrelatedwiththatbytheother(conventional)methods(r^2=0.43^**-0.95^***).ThesoilKtestedbyCEMsaturatedwithNH4HCO3(15minextraction)wasmostcloselycorrelatedwiththatbytheothermethods(r^2=0.60^**-0.95^***),Potassiumavailability,aspredictedbysoiltest,wascomparabletoactualKuptakebycanolaandwheatgrownonthesoilsingrowthchamber.RegressionanalysesshowedthatplantKuptakewasmorecloselycorrelatedwihtKextractedbyCEM(r^2=0.56^**-0.81^***)thanthatbytheconventionalmethods(r^2=0.46^***-0.81^***),mostcolselycorrelatedwiththatbyNH4HCO3-saturatedCEMfor15min(r^2=0.81^***).andworstcorrelatedwiththatbyHNO3(r^2=0.45^**-0.72^***)

简介：Tocloneandconstructtherecombinantplasmidcontainingthemajoroutermembraneprotein(MOMP)geneofChlamydiatrachomatis(C.trachomatis)andtoexpressthefusionproteininE.coliBL21,theMOMPgenewasamphfiedbypolymerasechainreaction(PCR)fromgenomeofC.trachomatisserovarD.ThefragmentwasclonedintotheprokaryoticexpressionvectorpET-22b(+)afterdigestionwithBamHⅠandNotⅠandtransformedintoE.coliXL1-Blue.RecombinantswereselectedbyenzymedigestionandsequencingandtherecombinantplasmidwithMOMPgenewasthentransformedintoE.coliBL21withIPTGtoexpressthetargetgene.TheexpressionrecombinantproteinswerepurifiedbyNi-NTAaffinitychromatography,andidentifiedbySDS-PAGEandWesternblot.Itwasfoundthata1.2kbMOMPgenewasisolated.TheDNAsequenceofMOMPwasfoundtobejustthesameasthesequencepublishedbyGenBank.ArecombinantplasmidcontainingMOMPgenewasconstructedtoexpressthefusionproteinsinE.coli.SDS-PAGEanalysisshowedthattherelativemolecularweightoftherecombinantproteinwasabout47kDathatwasconsistentwiththetheoreticalpredictedvalue,andthespecificityoftheexpressedproteinwasconformedbyWesternblot.ItconcludedthattheMOMPgenecouldbeexpressedintheprokaryoticsystem,bywhichitprovidedthefoundationforthefuturestudiesonthebiologicalactivitiesofC.trachomatisandforthedevelopmentofvaccineagainstthispathogen.

简介：ThispaperdealswiththetransportpropertiesofoligomerofpolythioetherPSAusedasmoblecarrierinbulkliquidmembraneforgold(Ⅲ).ItwasfoundthatAu(Ⅲ)canbetransportedbyPSAfromsourcephasetoreceivingphasecompletelyunderappropriateconditionsandonlyAu(Ⅲ)canbetransferredthroughtheliquidmembranetoreceivingphasefromamixtureofNa(I)-Cu(Ⅱ）-Au(Ⅲ）-Fe(Ⅲ）-Pt(Ⅳ）inthefollowingsystem:HAuCl4-HCl(aq.)/PSA-ClCH2-CH2Cl/(NH2)2CS-HCl(aq.).ThetransportrateofAu(Ⅲ）dependedontheconcentrationofcarrier,thethicknessofliquidmembrane,theconcentrationofAu(Ⅲ）insourcephaseandtheacidityofthemedia.

简介：ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＲＥＴＩＮＯＩＣＡＣＩＤＯＮＣＥＬＬＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＥＡＮＤＭＥＴＡＳＴＡＴＩＣＡＢＩＬＩＴＹＯＦＭＯＵＳＥＦＯＲＥＳＴＯＭＡＣＨＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＣＥＬＬＹｕＸｉａｏｄａｎ于晓；ＺｈａｏＸｕｅｍｅｉ赵雪梅；ＧａｏＪｉｎ高进（Ｉｎ...