简介：BasedontheresultsofmonitoringtheenvironmentofChinaNationalAfforestationProject(NAP)andtheinvestigationoninsectpestsanddiseasesin1.2millionhaofplantations,theauthorelaboratestheareas,speciesandcausesofinsectpestsanddiseasesoccurringintheproject'sareasandprovidesfundamentaltheoryforguidingenvironmentalprotectionandplantationestablishmentinasoundway.Sincetheproject'sactivitiesstrictlyfollovvedtheguidelineofenvironmentalprotectioninpast...

简介：Thedispersion-managedsoliton(DMS)transmissionmodelofdispersion-managedsystemsisestablished,andtheintrachannelDMSinteractionsequationisobtained.TheimpactofsolitoninteractionsonDMSsystemsarenumericallyinvestigated.Finally,therelationshipsofthecollisionlengthchangingwithmapstrengtharerevealed.

简介：Theoptimizationpolicyofthepurchasepriceandtheprofitundervendormanagedinventory(VMI)isstudied.Forasalableproduct,supplychainmodeofVMIisestablished,whichisbasedondeterministicdemand,havinginitialstockandhavingstock-outcost.Withthefurtheranalysisofthemode,VMIisfoundtoincreaseprofitsofthebuyerintheshort-termmotivation.ButVMIwillreduceprofitsofthesupplierunderthematchingcondition.Andintheshorttermmotivation,VMIwillincreasethepurchasepricetocompensatethetransfercostofthesupplier.Asaresult,thefoundationoftheoryisprovidedtoimplementVMIinthesupplychain,andhavesomedefinitudedprojectsignificance.

简介：PhyllostachyspraecoxC.D.ChuetC.S.Chao,afavoredbambooshootspecies,hasbeenwidelyplantedinrecentyears.Fourstandswithdifferenthistoricalmanagementpracticeswereselectedforthisstudytounderstandtheevolutionofsoilmicrobialecologybydeterminingtheeffectsofanewmulchingandheavyfertilizationpracticeonsoilqualityusingmicrobiologicalparameters.Comparedwiththetraditionalpractice(index1),microbialbiomasscarbon(MBC)andsoilmicrobialrespirationcarbon(MRC)withthenewmanagementpracticesignificantlydecreased(P＜0.01andP＜0.05,respectively)with1-2yearsofmulching(index2)andthenforcontinuedmulchingsignificantlyincreased(P＜0.05).TheratiosofMBC/TOC(totalorganiccarbon)andMRC/TOCalsosignificantlydiminished(P＜0.05)withmulching.Theaveragewellcolordevelopment(AWCD)andShannonindexdecreasedwithmulchingtime,andthesignificantdecrease(P＜0.05)inShannonindexoccurredfromindex2toindex3.Theresultsfromaprincipalcomponentsanalysis(PCA)showedthatthescoresofthefirstprincipalcomponentforindexes1and2weresignificantlylarger(P＜0.05)thansoilsmulched3-4yearsor5-6years.Also,thesecondprincipalcomponentscoresforindex1werelargerthanthoseforindex2,suggestingthattheabilityofsoilmicroorganismstoutilizesoilcarbonwasdecreasingwithlongeruseofthenewmanagementpracticeandcausingadeteriorationofsoilbiologicalproperties.

简介：ABSTRACT　AGISisproposedasatoolforthemanagingplanfortheAntarcticspeciallymanagedarea(ASMA)inAdmiraltyBay.TheASMAcomprisestheareaconsideredtobewithintheglacialdrainagebasinofthebay.Furthermore,itincludespartofSSSINo.8adjacenttotheareabutoutsideoftheglacialdrainagebasin.Threestationsandsixrefugesarelocatedinthearea.UsingaSPOTsatelliteimagemap,thelimitsoftheASMAaremarkedanditsareaisre_calculated.Itconsistsof362km2,including186km2islandicefieldandsmallcirqueglaciersand32km2ice_freefield.Therestcompriseswaterofthebayandasmalladjacentarea(8km2)oftheBransfieldStrait.TheASMA_GISwillconsistsof12datalayersrangingfromthephysiographicsettingstothebiologicalandadministrativefeatures.AlldatawillbeimplementedintoArc/InfoGISaccordingtothecartographicguidelinesoftheSCARWG_GGI.First,fiveplansofinformationwillberealisedusingatopographicdatabasecompiledfromvarioussourcesanddatafromtherevisedbathymetricchartpublishedbytheBrazilianNavyHydrographicSurveyandalsoincluding:1)LimitsoftheASMAandprotectedareas;2)Glaciologicalfeatures(e.g.drainagebasinlimits)and3)Humanpresence(e.g.stationsandhistoricalsites).ThesebasicGISlayerswillbeoperationalinearly2001.Then,additionaldataontheremaininglayers(e.g.hydrology,geologyandgeomorphology)willbeincludedfrompublishedsources.TheASMA_GISwillformanimportantdatabaseforenvironmentalmonitoringandstudiessurveyingtemporalchangesoffeaturessuchasglacierfrontpositionsorbirdbreadingsites.

简介：Background:Forestscontributetohumanwellbeingthroughtheprovisionofimportantecosystemservices.Methods:Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedhowtheperceivedimportanceofecosystemservicesmayimpacttheoverallbenefitprovidedbymanagedwatershedsattheHubbardBrookExperimentalForestovera45-yearperiod,usingstandardizedmeasuresofservicecapacityweightedbyserviceimportanceweightsderivedfromasurveyofbeneficiaries.Results:Thecapacityofwatershedstoregulatewaterflowandqualitywashighinallwatershedsthroughoutthestudyperiod,whereasculturalservicessuchasscenicbeautydeclinedafterharvest.Impactsongreenhousegasregulationdependedontheefficiencywithwhichharvestedbiomasswasused.Surveysrevealedthatstakeholdersplacedhighvalueonallecosystemservices,withregulatingandculturalservicesseenasmoreimportantthanprovisioningservices.Whenservicemetricswereweightedbysurveyresponsesandaggregatedintoasinglemeasure,totalserviceprovisionfollowedthesameoveralltrendasgreenhousegasregulation.Wherebiomassusewaslessefficientintermsofgreenhousegasemissions,harvestingresultedinanoverall'ecosystemservicedebt';whereusewasmoreefficient,this'ecosystemservicedebt'wasreduced.Beneficiaries'educationalbackgroundssignificantlyaffectedoverallassessmentofserviceprovision.Beneficiarieswithcollegeoruniversitydegreesincurredsmaller'ecosystemservicedebts'andwerelessnegativelyaffectedbyharvestingoverall.Conclusions:Thisstudyhighlightstheimportanceofincludingempiricalmeasuresofbeneficiarypreferencewhenattemptingtoquantifyoverallprovisionofecosystemservicestohumanbeneficiariesovertime.

简介：Ecologyisnotavery'old'science,withaboutonehundredyearsofhistory.Intheearlyperiod,thegeneralattitudewasthatthestudyofundisturbedecologicalsystemswillprovideuswithcluesofhowtheworldisorganised.Tounderstandthisworld,weshouldstudythe

简介：本文在详细讲述了组装好的全新的MFC应用程序之后。深入地讲解了各个零件之间的交互。如果将应用程序EE作一台机器。前面的文章介绍了零件的制造和组装。本文则介绍了零件之间的传动；这样。一台机器才得以运转。

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简介：AbstractBackground:Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most severe complications during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). This study aimed to determine the risk factors for ICH and mortality in such patients.Methods:We analyzed the clinical data of 77 patients who received VV-ECMO due to severe respiratory failure from July 2013 to May 2019 at China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Demographical data, laboratory indices, imaging characteristics, and other clinical information were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for ICH and mortality.Results:Of 77 patients, 11 (14.3%) suffered from ICH, and 36 (46.8%) survived. The survival rate was significantly lower (18.2% [2/11] vs. 51.5% [34/66], P = 0.040) in patients with ICH than in those without ICH. Multivariable analysis revealed that factors independently associated with ICH were diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 12.848, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.129-146.188, P = 0.040) and minimum fibrinogen during ECMO (aOR: 2.557, 95% CI: 1.244-5.252, P = 0.011). Multivariable analysis showed that factors independently associated with mortality were acute hepatic failure during ECMO (aOR: 9.205, 95% CI: 1.375-61.604, P = 0.022), CO2 retention before ECMO (aOR: 7.602, 95% CI: 1.514-38.188, P = 0.014), and minimum platelet concentration during ECMO (aOR: 0.130, 95% CI: 0.029-0.577, P = 0.007).Conclusions:Diabetes mellitus and minimum fibrinogen concentration during ECMO are risk factors for ICH in patients with severe respiratory failure managed using VV-ECMO. This indicated that anticoagulants use and nervous system monitoring should be performed more carefully in patients with diabetes when treated with VV-ECMO due to severe respiratory failure.

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