简介:Atmosphericconcentrationsofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)weremeasuredduringvariousseasonsatsixdifferentcities/locationsinQingdaoalongshore.TheannualaveragePAHsconcentrationrangedfrom16ng/m3(atacleancom-paredsite)to308ng/m3(inanindustrysite).TheaveragetotalparticulatePAHsconcentrationwas74.5ng/m3withahigherconcentrationofparticulatePAHsinwinter.Basedonayear-rounddataset,thesourcesofPAHsintheairofQingdaoweredrawnbyprincipalfactoranalysisandcorrelationanalysis.TheresultsindicatedthatvehicleemissionsandoilburningwerethemainsourceofPAHsinQingdaoalongshore.
简介:Preparationandcharacterizationofthehapten-proteinconjugatesarefundamentaltodevelopingenvironmentalimmunoassays.Asahapten,1-pyrenebutyricacid(PBA)wasconjugatedtothecarrierproteinofbovineserumalbumin(BSA)orovalbumin(OVA)byactiveestermethod.Infraredspectra(IR)showedthatPBA-BSAandPBA-OVAconjugatesweresuccessfullyprepared.Thenumberofthehaptensconjugatedtothecarrierproteinwasdeterminedbyultravioletspectra(UV)andmatrix-assistedlaserdesorptionionizationtime-of-flightmassspectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS).ThecalculatedaveragebindingratiosofPBA/BSAandPBA/OVAwere18:1and10:1byUV,and31:1and22:1byMALDI-TOF-MS,respectively.Althoughtherewasadiscrepancybetweentheresultsdeterminedbythetwomethods,bothofthemwereusefulforthecharacterizationofthehapten-proteinconjugates.TheantibodywasproducedagainsttheantigenofPBA-BSA,andtheaffinitywastestedbythedoubleagardiffusionmethod.Theconjugatesandtheantibodycouldbeusedfordevelopingasensitiveandselectiveimmunoassayofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs).
简介:为探究烧烤场景中人群多环芳烃(PAHs)的暴露特征与健康风险,使用美国环保署推荐的计算模型和基于生理的药代动力学模型(PBPK)模拟了我国人群的PAHs外暴露剂量和健康风险以及内暴露剂量变化情况。结果表明:1)普通居民和职业人群的日均苯并[a]芘等效摄入剂量为(50±3)ng·d^-1和(179±98)ng·d^-1,其终生致癌风险为7.57×10^-7-1.28×10-(-5),均在可接受范围内;2)普通居民暴露后体内组织中PAHs内暴露标志物芘的最大浓度范围依次为肝(6.52-8.67ng·L^-1)〉肾(0.97-1.12ng·L^-1)〉静脉血(0.71-0.94ng·L^-1)〉皮肤(0.64-0.75ng·L^-1)〉脂肪(0.36-0.56ng·L^-1),职业人群暴露后体内组织芘最大浓度为脂肪(2.97ng·L^-1)〉皮肤(1.14ng·L^-1)≥肾(1.14ng·L^-1)〉肝(0.57ng·L^-1)〉静脉血(0.17ng·L^-1);3)膳食是普通人群的主导暴露途经,会导致肝组织浓度最大;呼吸和皮肤接触是职业人群的主导暴露途经,会导致脂肪组织浓度最大;4)暴露标志物芘的组织总富集量关系为职业人群(48ng·d^-1)大于普通人群(6-11ng·d^-1)。
简介:多不的芳香的烃的命运(哼)居住在空气在最近的年里收到了庞大的注意由于他们的诱变并且人的健康上的carcinogenicrisks。在这上下文,分核的稳定性(当一个代表哼)在石英,氧化铝,胶岭石,高岭石,腐殖酸和与sorbed涂的石英上,腐殖酸在控制相对湿度被调查(RH:即5%和30%)没有轻照耀以便在PAHsdecomposition上检测矿物质表面的催化效果的存在。分核的稳定性被发现强烈取决于底层的物理化学性质。尽管它与sorbed腐殖酸是涂的,石英为分核的分解显示出强壮的催化效果。蒙脱石和腐殖酸上的分核sorbed在试验性的时期期间仍然保持稳定(即3天)。在试验性的房间的潮湿也特别地影响了分核的稳定性矿物质。特别,氧化铝上的分核sorbed很快在更高的RH被分解。然而,有几乎不在石英,高岭石和腐殖酸的情况中完成。取决于喷雾器和RH的物理化学性质,有在空气的矿物质的PAHsassociated将被分解或稳定地居住在空气。
简介:Surfactantenhancedremediationisthoughttobeaneffectivemethodfortheremediationofsoilspollutedwithhydrophobicorganiccompounds.Desorptionofpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)fromanabandonedmanufacturedgasplant(MGP)soilwasevaluatedusingfourelutingagentsincludingTritonX-100(TX100),sodiumdodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS),rhamnolipidwatersolution(RWS)andrhamnolipidfermentationbroth(RFB).TheweightsolubilizationratiosforacenaphtheneandfluorenewereintheorderofTX100>SDBS>RWS>RFB.TheSmvalue,whichindicatesthemaximumamountsofsurfactantsadsorbedinthesoil,wasintheorderofRWS>RFB>SDBS>TX100.Byusing8gL-1ofTX100,SDBSandRWSand100%ofRFB,theT-PAHsremovalfortheMGPsoilcontaminatedwith207.86mgT-PAHskg-1drysoilwas48.0%,45.7%,1.9%,and8.6%,respectively,whilethatdecreasedto41.6%,37%,0.38%,and1.3%forthesoilcontaminatedwith3494.78mgT-PAHskg-1drysoil.Only8gL-1TX100couldremovealltypesofthe16PAHspartlyintheMGPsoil,andtheremovalefficienciesofdifferentPAHsrangedfrom13%to77.8%.TheresultsofthisstudyhereinprovidevaluableinformationfortheselectionofTX100surfactantforremediatingPAH-contaminatedsoilsinMGP.
简介:Inordertoinvestigatetheeffectsofmethylestermoietyonpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)andNOxformationinbiodieselcombustion,thecombinedmodelsweredevelopedbasedondetailedmethylbutanoate(MB)oxidationmodelandn-butanemodel.Also,PAHsdetailedreactionmechanismandNOxformationmechanismwereaddedtothedetailedmodelstoformthecombinedmodels.Thecombinedmodelswereusedtocomparethecombustionofn-butaneandMBinashocktubesimulationtounderstandtheeffectsofmethylestermoiety.Theresultsindicatedthatcomparedwithn-butane,themethylestermoietyinMBleadstodifferentreactionpathways,moreCOandCO2formationandlessformationofPAHsprecursorssuchasethyleneandacetylene.Inaddition,abetterchemicalinsightintotheeffectsofmethylestermoietyonNOxformationwasgiven,whichwillhelptounderstandthecombustionprocessofbiodiesel.
简介:Anewnoisereductionmethodbasedonensembleempiricalmodedecomposition(EEMD)isproposedtoimprovethedetectioneffectforfluorescencespectra.Polycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)pollutants,asakindofimportantcurrentenvironmentalpollutionsource,arehighlyoncogenic.Usingthefluorescencespectroscopymethod,thePAHspollutantscanbedetected.However,instrumentwillproducenoiseintheexperiment.Weakfluorescentsignalscanbeaffectedbynoise,soweproposeawaytodenoiseandimprovethedetectioneffect.Firstly,weusefluorescencespectrometertodetectPAHstoobtainfluorescencespectra.Subsequently,noisesarereducedbyEEMDalgorithm.Finally,theexperimentresultsshowtheproposedmethodisfeasible.
简介:Anewsamplingmethodofambientairanalysisusingcarbonizedfibrousresinasasorbentforpolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons(PAHs)wasreported.Thephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofthecarbonizedfibrousresinsweremeasured.Thesamplepretreatmentwithultrasonicextractionandsubsequentclean-upehitionthroughasilicagelcolumnwasoptimized.Thesuitableultrasonicextractionconditionswereselectedasfollows:resinweightwas1.5g,ultrasonicextractiontime20min,volumeofextractionsolvent100miandextractionoperationtimes2~3.Theconcentratedextractableorganicmatterwassubmittedtonextstepofclean-upprocedureofadsorptionchromatographyonsilicagelcolumn/n-hexaneandamixtureofdichloromethene:n-hexanesolution2:3(v/v).ThePAHsfractionsintherealsamplesfromChangzhou,ChinawereparticularlyanalyzedusingGC-MSdatasystemandthedataofmassspectra,retentiontimesandscannumbersoftherealsampleswerecomparedwiththatofthestandardsof16PAHslistedbytheUSEPAas'prioritypollutants'oftheenvironment.Theanalysisoftherealsamplesindicatesthatthecarbonizedfibrousresinisagoodsorbent.ThepretreatmentofsamplesofambientairwithcarbonizedfibrousresinasasorbentforP,AHsisprovedtobereliableandmightbeusedfortheprocedureofthedeterminationofPAHsinatmosphericenvironment.
简介:Inthispaper,anovelSPMEmode,PDMS-coatedsolidglassmicrospheres(SGMs),werepreparedbysol-gelmethod.UsinghomemadethermaldesorptionunitcoupledwithCGC-FID,sixPAHsasmodelanalytes,theperformanceofthenewmodewascharacterized.Thenewextractivephaseexhibitedhighthermalstabilityandsatisfactoryextractioncapability.Thedetectionlimitswere0.01-0.045ng/mL,andthelinearitywasfrom0.5ng/mLto96ng/mL.TheR.S.D.sofrepeatabilityforretentiontimeandpeakareawereallwithin0.074%and6.7%,respectively.TherecoveriesofthePAl-Iswere78-127%fromthesamplestakenfromriverwater.
简介:曹妃甸和黄骅港是河北省近海工业布局和港口分布较密集的区域,对其近岸海域海水水质进行监测具有重要意义。2014年9月采集研究区近岸海域表层海水,并利用GC-MS对其中16种优先控制PAHs进行测定。结果表明,曹妃甸和黄骅港近岸海域表层海水中∑PAHs含量分别为52.6~192.1ng·L^(-1)和85.4~156ng·L^(-1),平均含量分别为74.59ng·L^(-1)和121.45ng·L^(-1)。黄骅港近岸海域∑PAHs含量高于曹妃甸近岸海域的含量,但PAHs的种类没有差异。对比其他研究区域水体中PAHs的含量,本区域表层海水中PAHs的含量处于中等水平,属于轻污染。异构体比值结合该区域现状分析初步判断,研究区表层海水中PAHs来源于石油污染和煤、生物质等的燃烧。应用风险商值法(RQ)对研究区域表层海水中PAHs的生态风险进行评价,结果表明该海域存在低生态风险,需采取措施控制PAHs的污染。
简介:摘要目的了解煤矿工人多环芳烃(PAHs)暴露水平并探讨其与氧化应激和神经递质水平之间的关联。方法于2017年4至6月,选择652名不同作业场所[井下一线组(239名)、井下辅助组(280名)及地面组(133名)]煤矿工人为研究对象。采用问卷调查收集工人基本资料,检测其尿中多环芳烃代谢物(OH-PAHs)、血液中氧化应激和神经递质水平,用线性回归模型评估尿OH-PAHs与神经递质和氧化应激指标间的关联,采用中介效应模型分析氧化应激在尿OH-PAHs与神经递质改变之间的作用。结果不同作业场所三组工人尿OH-PAHs中2-羟基萘(2-NAP)、2-羟基芴(2-FLU)、1-羟基芘(1-OHP)水平差异有统计学意义(H=33.64、9.63、26.82,P<0.01、=0.008、<0.01)。三组工人血液中神经递质指标5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)、多巴胺(DA)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)和氧化应激指标丙二醛(MDA)水平差异均有统计学意义(F=36.81、15.58、79.16、179.58、33.48、67.63、4.96,P<0.01)。控制混杂因素后,NE含量与2-FLU水平和AChE活力与1-OHP水平均呈负相关(β=-134.99,95%CI:-250.74~-19.23,P=0.02;β=-0.80,95%CI:-1.54~-0.05,P=0.036);Ach含量与9-羟基菲(9-PHE)水平、AChE活性与2-NAP和9-PHE水平均呈正相关(β=0.96,95%CI:0.26~1.64,P=0.007;β=1.78,95%CI:0.75~2.82,P=0.001;β=0.77,95%CI:0.07~1.47,P=0.031)。此外,超氧化物歧化酶活力与1-OHP水平及AChE活力均相关(β=0.32,95%CI:0.02~0.62,P=0.034;β=-0.23,95%CI:-0.43~-0.02,P=0.032)。中介效应分析结果显示,1-OHP对AChE活力有直接作用(P<0.05)。结论井下煤矿工人PAHs暴露水平较高,且可能引起神经递质水平改变,尚未观察到氧化应激的中介作用。