简介：OnthebasisofgradientdataofthesurfacelayerobtainedfromfoursetsofAutomaticWeatherStation(AWS)installedinLhasa,Nagqu,XigazeandNyingchiontheTibetanPlateaufromJuly1993toMarch1999accordingtotheprojectofPRC-JapanAsiamonsoonmechanismcooperativeresearch,theseasonalsurfaceroughnesslengthsanddiurnalbulktransfercoefficientsateachstationareestimated.Thenthesurfacefluxesofmomentum,sensibleheatandlatentheatarecalculatedbyusingbulkformulation,Moreover,thecompositecharacteristicsofdiurnalandmonthlyvariationofsurfacefluxesareemphaticallyanalyzedinthispaper.

简介：从东南的中国的每年平均的每日的最大值和最小的地面温度为未公开的变化点用三不同测试为人工的断绝被评估。在时间序列的Changepoints被把每个目标系列比作从在很多个附近的车站观察的价值计算的一本参考书识别。在没有趋势在目标参考温度差别的顺序是在场的假设下面，当三测试中的至少二个拒绝了没有变化点的空假设在时，一个变化点被分到目标系列近似，一样在差别系列放。每个目标系列然后用从能不那样偏导目标系列步变化的大小的估计的附近的车站在平均温度值说明断绝的一个过程被调整。在调整年度温度系列的线性温度趋势的空间比较建议主要相对断绝在homogenization过程被移开。很多相对变化点比在平均最高温度系列在年度平均最小被检测。一些证据被介绍它建议最小的地面温度地可能比最高温度地对在测量实践的变化更敏感。另外，给城市的热岛的以前的证据(即，本地)在这个区域的趋势，在一个目标参考差别系列的没有斜坡的假设是可能的在最小更经常被违背比在里面最高温度系列。因而，可以有更大的潜力在最低温度系列使趋势和步变化惊讶。

简介：Basedonthedata(includingradiusofmaximumwinds)fromtheJTWC(JointTyphoonWarningCenter),thetropicalcyclones(TCs)radiioftheoutermostclosedisobar,TCsbesttracksfromShanghaiTyphoonInstituteandtheBlackBodyTemperature(TBB)oftheJapanesegeostationarymeteorologicalsatelliteM1TRIR1,andcombining13tropicalcycloneswhichlandedinChinaagainaftervisitingtheislandofTaiwanduringtheperiodfrom2001to2010,weanalyzedtherelationshipbetweenthenumberofconvectivecoreswithinTCcirculationandtheintensityofTCwiththemethodofconvective-stratiformtechnique(CST)andstatisticalandcompositeanalysis.Theresultsareshownasfollows:(1)ThenumberofconvectivecoresintheentireTCcirculationiswellcorrespondingwiththeouterspiralrainbandsandthedensityofconvectivecoresintheinnercoreareaincreases(decreases)generallywithincreasing(decreasing)TCintensity.Atthesametime,thenumberofconvectivecoreswithintheouterspiralrainbandsismorethanthatwithintheinnercoreanddoesnotchangemuchwiththeTCintensity.However,thedensityofconvectivecoreswithintheouterspiralrainbandsislowerthanthatwithintheinnercore.(2)TherelationshipdescribedaboveissensitivetolandinglocationtosomeextentbutnotsensitivetothestructureofTC.(3)TheaveragevalueofTBBintheinnercoreareaincreases(decreases)generallywithincreasing(decreasing)ofTCintensity,whichisalsosensitivetolandingsituationtosomeextent.Atthesametime,theaveragevalueofTBBwithintheouterspiralrainbandsisclosetothatwithintheentireTCcirculation,andbothofthemaremorethanthatwithintheinnercore.However,theydonotreflectTCintensitychangesignificantly.(4)TheresultsofstatisticalcompositebasedonconvectivecoresandTBBarecomplementarywitheachother,soacombinationofbothcanreflecttherelationshipbetweenTCrainbandsandTCintensitymuchbetter.