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简介:Theongoingdancebetweenavirusanditshostdistinctlyshapeshowthevirusevolves.Whilehumanadenovirusestypicallycausemildinfections,recentreportshavedescribednewlycharacterizedadenovirusesthatcancausesevere,sometimefatal,humaninfections.Researchersreportasystemsbiologyapproachtoshowhowevolutionhasaffectedthedisease
简介:AbstractMonochorionic dizygotic twin gestation is clinically very uncommon but poses significant antenatal and postnatal complications. Here we review the diagnosis, mechanism, perinatal management, and pregnant outcomes of monochroic dizygotic twin gestation.
简介:AbstractPurpose:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) generally causes mortality and disability, particularly in children. Machine learning (ML) is a computer algorithm, applied as a clinical prediction tool. The present study aims to assess the predictability of ML for the functional outcomes of pediatric TBI.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed targeting children with TBI who were admitted to the trauma center of southern Thailand between January 2009 and July 2020. The patient was excluded if he/she (1) did not undergo a CT scan of the brain, (2) died within the first 24 h, (3) had unavailable complete medical records during admission, or (4) was unable to provide updated outcomes. Clinical and radiologic characteristics were collected such as vital signs, Glasgow coma scale score, and characteristics of intracranial injuries. The functional outcome was assessed using the King's Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury, which was thus dichotomized into favourable outcomes and unfavourable outcomes: good recovery and moderate disability were categorized as the former, whereas death, vegetative state, and severe disability were categorized as the latter. The prognostic factors were estimated using traditional binary logistic regression. By data splitting, 70% of data were used for training the ML models and the remaining 30% were used for testing the ML models. The supervised algorithms including support vector machines, neural networks, random forest, logistic regression, naive Bayes and k-nearest neighbor were performed for training of the ML models. Therefore, the ML models were tested for the predictive performances by the testing datasets.Results:There were 828 patients in the cohort. The median age was 72 months (interquartile range 104.7 months, range 2-179 months). Road traffic accident was the most common mechanism of injury, accounting for 68.7%. At hospital discharge, favourable outcomes were achieved in 97.0% of patients, while the mortality rate was 2.2%. Glasgow coma scale score, hypotension, pupillary light reflex, and subarachnoid haemorrhage were associated with TBI outcomes following traditional binary logistic regression; hence, the 4 prognostic factors were used for building ML models and testing performance. The support vector machine model had the best performance for predicting pediatric TBI outcomes: sensitivity 0.95, specificity 0.60, positive predicted value 0.99, negative predictive value 1.0; accuracy 0.94, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.78.Conclusion:The ML algorithms of the present study have a high sensitivity; therefore they have the potential to be screening tools for predicting functional outcomes and counselling prognosis in general practice of pediatric TBIs.
简介:ResearchersinthepasthadnoticedthatapplicationofArtificialNeuralNetworks(ANN)inplaceofconventionalstatisticsonthebasisofdataminingtechniquespredictsmoreaccurateresultsinhydraulicpredictions.MostlytheseworkspertainedtoapplicationsofANN.Recently,anothertoolofsoftcomputing,namely,GeneticProgramming(GP)hascaughttheattentionofresearchersincivilengineeringcomputing.ThisarticleexaminestheusefulnessoftheGPbasedapproachtopredicttherelativescourdepthdownstreamofacommontypeofski-jumpbucketspillway.ActualfieldmeasurementswereusedtodeveloptheGPmodel.TheGPbasedestimationswerefoundtobeequallyandmoreaccuratethantheANNbasedones,especially,whentheunderlyingcause-effectrelationshipbecamemoreuncertaintomodel.
简介:热带气旋是在更温暖的热带海洋发生并且在它的中心附近很快旋转并且同时沿着包围流动移动的一种强烈天气系统。大规模发行量在决定热带气旋的运动和驾驶流动的效果是在预报热带气旋运动和轨道的最高的优先级起一个主要作用,这通常被认出。这篇文章采用一个新方法导出驾驶流动并且选择一个典型转弯轨道盒子(台风丹,编码了9914)说明方法的有效性。一般途径是修改涡度,geostropical涡度和分叉,分别地,在非分叉的流函数,geoptential和速度潜力调查变化并且计算修改速度域决定驾驶流动。不同于在象风地或geopoential高度的加权的一般水准那样的常规使用的另外的方法,这个方法在环境地上有最不不利的效果并且能导出与暴风雨运动适合很好的合适的驾驶流动。与另外的内部、外部的forcings结合了,这个方法能在热带气旋轨道的预言有宽申请。
简介:AbstractBackground:Existing clinical prediction models for in vitro fertilization are based on the fresh oocyte cycle, and there is no prediction model to evaluate the probability of successful thawing of cryopreserved mature oocytes. This research aims to identify and study the characteristics of pre-oocyte-retrieval patients that can affect the pregnancy outcomes of emergency oocyte freeze-thaw cycles.Methods:Data were collected from the Reproductive Center, Peking University Third Hospital of China. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to derive the nomogram. Nomogram model performance was assessed by examining the discrimination and calibration in the development and validation cohorts. Discriminatory ability was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and calibration plots.Results:The predictors in the model of "no transferable embryo cycles" are female age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.099, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.003-1.205, P = 0.0440), duration of infertility (OR = 1.140, 95% CI = 1.018-1.276, P = 0.0240), basal follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level (OR = 1.205, 95% CI = 1.051-1.382, P = 0.0084), basal estradiol (E2) level (OR = 1.006, 95% CI = 1.001-1.010, P = 0.0120), and sperm from microdissection testicular sperm extraction (MESA) (OR = 7.741, 95% CI = 2.905-20.632, P < 0.0010). Upon assessing predictive ability, the AUC for the "no transferable embryo cycles" model was 0.799 (95% CI: 0.722-0.875, P < 0.0010). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P = 0.7210) and calibration curve showed good calibration for the prediction of no transferable embryo cycles. The predictors in the cumulative live birth were the number of follicles on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration (OR = 1.088, 95% CI = 1.030-1.149, P = 0.0020) and endometriosis (OR = 0.172, 95% CI = 0.035-0.853, P = 0.0310). The AUC for the "cumulative live birth" model was 0.724 (95% CI: 0.647-0.801, P < 0.0010). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P = 0.5620) and calibration curve showed good calibration for the prediction of cumulative live birth.Conclusions:The predictors in the final multivariate logistic regression models found to be significantly associated with poor pregnancy outcomes were increasing female age, duration of infertility, high basal FSH and E2 level, endometriosis, sperm from MESA, and low number of follicles with a diameter >10 mm on the day of hCG administration.
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简介:AbstractWith the development of human assisted reproductive technology (ART), an objective, accurate, and non-invasive method to assess the quality and viability of oocytes and embryos remains one of the most significant goals. Granulosa cells (GCs) play an essential role in oocyte development. GCs can differentiate into mural GCs (MGCs) and cumulus cells (CCs) under the influence of oocytes. MGCs promote the growth and development of follicles by secreting cytokines and steroid hormones. Simultaneously, CCs can form cumulus-oocyte complexes to communicate with oocytes through gap junctions and promote oocyte growth and maturation. Seeking suitable biomarkers in GCs provides a direction for the non-invasive assessment of oocyte and embryo abilities during ART procedures. To date, only a few studies have investigated potentially effective GC biomarkers during ART processes, such as the apoptosis of GCs, transcriptomic characteristics of GCs, quality and quantity of mitochondria in GCs, and telomere length of such cells. These are potential reference indices for screening high-quality oocytes and embryos. Independent studies on MGCs and CCs can provide more effective results. Although there is scope for optimization and improvement, the results have become increasingly accurate with the constant advances in technology. Due to the heterogeneity of the study population and technical limitations, clinical tests for GCs cannot be performed as part of routine tests, but their prospects are promising. This article reviews the biomarkers that have been studied in MGCs and CCs.
简介:TheestablishmentoftheChinaPilotFreeTradeZone(FTZ)hassignificantlypromotedinternationaltrade,financialdevelopment,andeconomicgrowth.Buildinginternationalfinancialcenters(IFCs)satisfiesthedemandforFTZstofacilitatefinancialdevelopment,aswellaspromotingeconomicgrowth.Thus,successfullypredictingthenextIFCinChinaundertheFTZframeworkisanimportantissue.Inthisstudy,weappliedgreyrelationalanalysiscombinedwithentropymethodtopredictpotentialIFCsamongsevenFTZcities.Accordingtotheresults,ourinterestingfindingsinclude:1)the'totalstockturnover','totalvalueofimportsandexports',and'ForeignDirectInvestment(FDI)'arekeyindicatorsfordeterminingfutureIFCs;2)amongsevencities,ShenzhenandTianjinarehighlylikelytobecomethenextIFCs,whileShanghaiisalreadyanIFC.
简介:Leanpremixedcombustion,whichallowsforreducingtheproductionofthermalNOx,ispronetocombustioninstabilities.Thereisanextensiveresearchtodevelopareducedphysicalmodel,whichallows-withouttime-consumingmeasurements-tocalculatetheresonancecharacteristicsofacombustionsystemconsistingofHelmholtzresonatortypecomponents(burnerplenum,combustionchamber).FortheformulationofthismodelnumericalinvestigationsbymeansofcompressibleLargeEddySimulation(LES)werecarriedout.Intheseinvestigationstheflowinthecombustionchamberisisotherm,non-reactingandexcitedwithasinusoidalmassflowrate.Firstlyacombustionchamberasasingleresonatorsubsequentlyacoupledsystemofaburnerplenumandacombustionchamberwereinvestigated.Inthispapertheresultsofadditionalinvestigationsofthesingleresonatorarepresented.Theflowinthecombustionchamberwasinvestigatedwithoutexcitationattheinlet.Itwasdetected,thatthemassflowrateattheoutletcrosssectionispulsatingoncetheflowinthechamberisturbulent.ThefastFouriertransformofthesignalshowedthatthedominantmodeisattheresonancefrequencyofthecombustionchamber.Thisresultshedslightonaveryimportantsourceofself-excitedcombustioninstabilities.FurthermoretheLEScanprovidenotonlythedampingratiofortheanalyticalmodelbuttheeigenfrequencyoftheresonatoralso.