简介：Theconventionalbypassdesignistoimplantagraftonthestenosedhostarteryallowingbloodtoflowbypassthestenoticartery.However,restenosisisachallengingproblemwhichfinallyresultsinreoperation.Thepurposeofthispaperistoproposeanewbypassgraftdesignofcoronaryarterywithanassistantgraftforthetreatmentofcoronaryarterystenosis.AnadditionalassistantgraftwasemployedinthenewdesigncomparedwiththeconventionalETSanastomosis.Numericalsimulationswereperformedbymeansoffinitevolumemethodusingcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)solver.ResultsdemonstratedthatthenewanastomosesmodelprovidedamoresmoothflowatthedistalETSanastomosiswithoutanystagnationpointonanastomoticbedandvortexformationintheheelregion.Oscillatoryshearindex(OSI)andtime-averagedwallshearstressgradient(TAWSSG)atthearterybedofthedistalETSanastomosiswerereduced.Thecoronaryarterybypassgraftwithanassistantgraftisfeasibletoimprovethelocalhemodynamicsanddiminishtheprobabilityofrestenosisinthetreatmentofcoronaryarterystenosis.

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简介：Inrecentyears,Percutaneouscoronaryintervention(PCI)asaneffectivetreatmentforcoronaryheartdiseasehasbeenwidelycarriedoutinChina.However,peopleisstillconfrontedwiththeproblemthattheincidenceofin-stentrestenosis(ISR)afterPCI.Someriskfactorsofcoronaryheartdiseasehavebeenobviouslyknown,butthein-dependentpredictorfactorsfortheISRhasnotbeenclear.ClarifyingriskfactorsforISRtoestablishinterferingmeas-uresmaybeanewdirectionforPCItreatmentinthefuture.Atpresent,ithasbeenreportedthataldosterone(ALD)maybeinvolvedinISR.InordertofurtherinvestigatetherelationshipbetweentheserumALDlevelsandISR,ourre-searchwastodeterminetheALDandotherserummarkerstoexploretheimpactfactorsofISR.MethodsWemeas-uredserumALD,highsensitivityC-reactiveprotein(hs-CRP),adiponectin(ADP)andotherindicatorsin258pa-tientswithcoronarystenting,andmaderoutinefollow-upfor6-9monthstoperformcoronaryangiography.Accordingtotheresultsofcoronaryangiography,allpatientsweredividedintorestenosisgroupandnon-restenosisgroup.Wean-alyzedtherelationshipbetweenALD,otherindicatorsandISRtoexplorewhetherserumALDwasanindependentriskfactorISR.ResultsSerumALDlevelsweresignificantlyhigherinrestenosisgroupthannon-restenosisgroup.Logis-ticregressionanalysisshowedthatdiabetes,ALD,hs-CRPandcomplexlesionswerealsoindependentriskfactorsforISR(P<0.05),whiletheADPwasasaprotectivefactorforISR(P<0.05).ConclusionsALDisoneofinde-pendentriskfactorsforISRafterundergoingcoronarystentimplantationinpatients.Ithasthepossibilityofbecomingonenewmethodinthismedicalfield.

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简介：Thegraftcopolymerizationofacrylonitrile(AN)ontostarchundertheinitiationofpotassiumperman-ganatewasinvestigated.Theeffectofvariousreactionconditionsonthegraftcopolymerizationwasstudied.Therelationshipsbetweenthegraftingrateandtheinitiatorconcentrationofpotassiumpermanganate,monomeracuylonitrileandbackbonestarch,aswellasreactiontemperaturewereestablished.Theoxidationreactionofstarchwithmanganicionsandvalencechangesofmanganicionsduringthegraftcopolymerizationwerediscussed.TheresultsshowthatmanganicionMn^7+underwentaseriesofvalencechangesduringthegraftcopolymerization:Mn(Ⅶ)→Mn(Ⅳ)→Mn(Ⅲ)→Mn(Ⅱ).Thegraftingrateofthegraftcopolymerizationofacrylonitrileontostarchisalsogiven.

简介：ObjectivesToevaluatetheeffectivenessoffirebirdstentforthetreatmentofcoronarydenovolesioncomparedwithcypherstent.MethodsNinety-oneconsecutivepatientswith156lesionswhounderwentcoronarycypher(n=68lesions)andfirebird(n=88lesions)implantation,quantitativecoronaryangiography(QCA)wasperformedatthetimeofstentimplantationandsubsequentlyat8monthspost-stenting.Smallvesseldiseasewasdefinedas≤2.5mmofreferencevesseldiametermeasuredbyQCA.Majoradversecardiacevents(MACE)includingdeath,thrombosis,nonfatalmyocardialinfarctionandtargetlesionrevascularization(TLR)werecomparedbetweenthetwogroups.ResultsBaselineclinicalcharacteristicsandangiographicparametersweresimilarbetweenthetwogroups.Seven-monthangiographicfollow-up,thelatelosswasnotdifferentbetweenthetwogroups(0.14±0.38mmvs0.13±0.17mm,P>0.05).Similarly,overallthrombosisrateweresimilarinbothgroups(1.5%vs1.1%,P>0.05).However,in-stentrestenosisaswellasin-segmentrestenosisrateweresignificantlyhigherincyphergroupthanthatinfirebirdgroup(4.4%vs0%and19.1%vs3.4%,P=0.047andP=0.001respectively).TLRwasalsohigherinthecyphergroup(10.3%vs2.3%,P=0.033)comparedwithfirebirdgroup.ConclusionsInthissmallsamplesize,non-randomizedstudy,thedataindicatedthatimplantationoffirebirdstentforthetreatmentofsmallcoronarylesionshowedmorefavorableresultsinrespectiveofrestenosiscomparedwithcypherstentimplantation.Amulti-center,large-samplesize,randomizedstudy,therefore,maybewarranted.

简介：‘Stent对stent’研究是被设计与以前同意的相比显示出新stent图案的优势的一种使随机化的试用。这些研究被规章的机构通常使用，例如美国食物药品管理局(食物及药品管理局)，到表示同意到新stent图案。有这些临床的试用的问题是他们的高费用和困难。在这份报纸，为‘stent对stent’的一种数字选择复杂临床的研究被介绍。一个有限元素模型被开发在冠的stent放置以后在结果上调查stent设计的影响。二商业地可得到的stents(NIR和多连接stents)被建模，他们的行为以压力分发在推广期间被比较，光线的获得，外部直径变化并且节略。而且，狭窄率上的stent设计的效果被在动脉以内比较压力分发调查。在stented动脉的动脉的墙压力的分析显示多连接stent设计原因与slotted试管NIR设计相比与局部性的stenotic损害降低应力到一个动脉粥样硬化患者容器。有观察临床的狭窄的调查结果相互关联与多连接stent设计相比在NIR评估狭窄率，它更高报导了。

简介：Stentsthatkeepweakenedarteriesfromcollapsinghavebeentruelife-savers,butarenolongerneededoncethearteriesarestrengthened.Now,aresearcherhasdevelopedabiodegradablestentforheartpatientswhichwillcarrydrugswherethey'reneededandwillthendissolve.

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简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatetheeffectofsimvastatinontheprobabilityofrestenosisafterstentimplantationandserumleveloflipidsaswellashigh-sensitivityC-reactiveprotein(hs-CRP)inpatientswithcoronaryheartdisease(CHD).Methods118patientswithCHDafterstentingtherapyweredividedintotreatmentgroup(n=62)andcontrolgroup(n=56)randomly.Allpatientsweretreatedwithaspirin(100mg/d)andclopidogrel(75mg/d)whiletreatmentgrouppatientstooksimvastatin(40mgqn)additionally.Allpatientsunderwentcoronaryangiography(CAG)tocomparethedifferenceofrestenosisandtheserumleveloftotalcholesterol(TC),low-densitylipoproteincholesterol(LDL-c),high-densitylipoproteincholesterol(HDL-c),triglyceride(TG)aswellashs-CRPafterthedrugtreatmentfor6months.ResultsTheprobabilityofrestenosiswassignificantlylowerinthetreatmentgroupthanthatofcontrolgroup(P<0.01)andtheresultsweresimilarbetweenthepatientswithbaremetalstent(P<0.01)andthosewithsirolimus-elutingstent(P<0.01).TheserumlevelsofTC(P<0.01),LDL-c(P<0.01),TG(P<0.05)andhs-CRP(P<0.01)wereobviouslylowerwhiletheHDL-c(P<0.05)levelwashigherinthetreatmentgroupthanthoseofcontrolgroup.Therewasnodeathcase.ConclusionsSimvastatincoulddecreasetheprobabilityofrestenosissignificantlyaftercoronarystentimplantationwithdoseof40mg/d.Italsohasgoodperformanceonlipidscontrolandlighteninginflammatoryreactionswithitsundoubtedlysafety.

简介：BackgroundTheregulationoft-PAgeneistheessenceandcoreofthrombosis.Therefore,thepresentstudyaimedtopreparenanot-PAgenecoatedstentandtoobserveitseffectoncoronarystentthrombosisindogs.MethodsHighlyexpressedt-PAgeneplasmidwasconstructedandalbuminnanot-PAgenecoatingstentwasprepared.Themajorbranchvesselsofdogcoronaryarterywerepre-expandedwitha3.0mm×20balloonwith8-10atmosphericpressure.10dogsofthecontrolgroupwereimplantedwithbaremetalstent;while12dogsoftheexperimentalgroupwereimplantedwithnanot-PAgenecoatingstent.Bothgroupswerenotgivenanti-coagulationtreatments.Bloodsamplesweretakenfort-PAandD-dimerbeforetheoperation,at1,2,4and8weeksafteroperation.Pathologicalanalysisfoundthrombosisinthecavityandthehyperplasiaoftheintima.t-PAexpressionwasdetectedbyimmunohistochemicalindirectly,andthethicknessoftheintimaofthesectioncrosswasdirectlymeasuredbymorphometry.Liver,heart,kidneysandlungweretakenforpathologicalobservation.ResultsAllexperimentalanimalssurvivedatpostoperative8weeks.Vascularstentthrombosiswasseenin10casesofthecontrolgroupwiththethrombosisrateof100%;whilewasseenin2casesamong12casesoftheexperimentalgroupwiththethrombosisratewas16.67%(P=0.00087).Immunohistochemicalstainingshowedthatthepositivet-PAgenetransfectionoftheexperimentalgroupwasmainlydistributedonthesurfaceofhyperplasiaintima,andvascularwallt-PAexpressionofthecontrolgroupwasnegative.Positivet-PAsignalwasnotfoundintheliver,heart,kidneysandlung.ConclusionNanot-PAgenevectorcoatingstentcaneffectivelyexpresst-PAinvascularwallandeffectivelypreventsstentthrombosis.

简介：Objective:Tostudythetechniquesofplacementofmemoryalloyplatinggoldbiliarystentandplasticstentforpalliationofmalignantandbenignbiliaryobstruction,andtoassessitsclinicaleffectiveness.Methods:Thepatientsinplasticstentgroupincludedpaplillaofduodenuminflamationalstrictures(n=24),commonbileductinflammationalinferiorsegmentstrictures(n=4),choledocholithiasis(n=5),bileleak(n=11),bileductsurgeryinjurey(n=7)andpancreaticcarcinoma(n=1).Thepatientsinplatinggoldstentgroupincludedcommonbileductcarcinoma(n=5)andpancreaticcarcinoma(n=6).Underfluoroscopicguidancethestentwasinsertedintobiliaryobstructionsitesfromoralcavityinallcases.Complications,liverfunctionandbloodserumamylasewereinvestigatedduringthestudyperiod.Results:Successfulstentplacementwasachievedinallcases.Afteroperationof7days,ingoldbiliarystentgroups,theratesofdecreaseofbloodserumtotalbilirubin,glutamic-pyruvictransaminase,r-glutamyltranspeptidaseandalkalinephosphatasewere67.16%,58.37%,40.63%and41.54%respectively.Inplasticstentgroup,theratesofdecreaseofSTB,ALT,r-GTandAKPwere53.24%,55.03%,37.15%,34.12%respectively.Earlycomplicationincludedpost-ERCPpancreatitisandcholangititis.Occlusionofstentwasthemajorlatecomplication.Conclusion:Memoryalloyplatinggoldbiliarystentandplasticstentweresafeandefficaciousmethodsformalignantandbenignbiliaryobstruction,andcouldimprovepatient'slivingquality.Plasticstentwasanefficientcomplementfortherapyofbileleakandbileductinjury.

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简介：BACKGROUND:Presently,over40kindsofduralgraftshavebeensuccessivelyusedinclinic.Amongthem,lyophilizedhumanduramaterwithgoodhistocompatibilityandlesscomplicationsisappliedmostwidely.Butthereareafewreportsoncasesofinfectedspongiformencephalopathyfollowingapplicationoflyodura.Moreidealrepairmaterialsdeservetobefurtherinvestigated.OBJECTIVE:Toinvestigatetheefficiencyandsafetyofbiologicalduralgraftmadebymeningesfromporkerstorepairmeningealinjury.DESIGN:Aself-controlobservation.SETTING:WuhanGeneralHospitalofGuangzhouMilitaryAreaCommandofChinesePLA.MATERIALS:SixteenNewZealandRabbits,ofeithergender,weighingfrom2to3kg,ofcleangradeⅡ,withtheageof0.5–1year,wereinvolvedinthisexperiment.TheinvolvedrabbitswereprovidedbytheAnimalExperimentalCenteroftheFirstMilitaryMedicalUniversityofChinesePLA.Biologicalsurgicalpatch(duralgraft)wasdevelopedbyGuangdongGuanhaoBiotechnologicalCo.,Ltd.Itwasprocessedbyusingmeningesfromporkersbytissueengineeringtechnology.METHODS:ThisexperimentwascarriedoutintheExperimentalCenterofthe157HospitalofChinesePLAbetweenDecember2003andJune2004.①Theexperimentalrabbitswereanesthetized.Duramaterwasexposedfromtwosidesofpostmediallineofcoronalsuture.Arectangularduramaterabout8mm×8mminsizewascutoff.Thenabiologicalsurgicalpatch(duralgraft)wasshearedintoinsertwith8mmdiameterandsutured.Theleftduramaterwasuntouchedandusedascontrol.Scalpwassutured,andpostoperativewoundhealingandrecoverywereobserved.②Theanesthetizedrabbitsweresacrificedatpostoperative3,14,30and90days,4rabbitsonce.Thewholeheadwascutoff,anditsscalpwasremoved.Afterwards,theheadwasfixedbyformalin.Tissuesinoperativesitewereobtained,performedroutineparaffinembedding,slicedandconductedHEstaining,finally,thesectionswereobserved.Whitebloodcellsinv

简介：Inthispaper,theradiationgraftcopolymerofMgO,SiO2andY-molecularsieveontoorganiccompounds,suchasmethacrylate,styreneandacrylomitrileobtainedbyper-radiationmethodwerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction,pyrolysisgaschromatography,GPCandX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy.

简介：瞄准：与胃肠的graft-versus-host疾病(官方补给的GVHD)在病人评估内视镜检查法的诊断价值。方法：我们与官方补给的GVHD后面的allogeneic识别了8个病人造血的干细胞移植(HSCT)。GVHD组织学地被定义为腺apoptosis的存在，没由另外的煽动性或传染的病原学解释。结果：官方补给的GVHD的症状包括了厌食，恶心，呕吐，水泻，腹的疼痛，官方补给的流血，等等。上面的内视镜的外观从微妙的粘膜浮肿变化了，充血，红斑到明显的侵蚀。Colonoscopic检查显示出弥漫的浮肿，充血，补缀的侵蚀，散布溃疡，腐肉形成并且活跃流血。在官方补给的GVHD的组织学的变化在上皮和薄板propria包括了地窟上皮细胞，地窟的退学学生，和淋巴球的渗入的apoptosis。胃和书籍的右页冒号的参与从diffuse变化了到焦点。结论：内视镜检查法可以在跟随allogeneicHSCT的官方补给的GVHD病人的早诊断起一个重要作用，并且胃肠的活体检视的histologic检查被需要证实最后的诊断。

简介：Photoisomerization(trans-cis)ofazoaromaticcompoundshasbeeninvestigatedextensivelyusingabsorptionspectroscopysince1950s[1].Byirradiationwithlightofwavelengthλ1orλ2,thegeometricconfigurationoftheazobondinazobenzenebasedcompoundscanbereversiblyswitchedfromtranstocis.Thetwostateshavedistinctabsorptionspectra.Thisfeaturewouldallowreversiblestorageofdataonthebasisofcisandtransstateswiththeaidofλ1andλ2.However,thecisstateisthermodynamicallyunstablewithrespecttothetransstate,thereforeathermalrelaxationprocessoccursinthedark(atroomtemperature).Thisthermalback-reactionstronglylimitsthelifetimeofthecisstate,anditisinfluencedbythesubstituentR1andR2,catalysts,temperature,andenvironment(solventpolarity,typeofpolymermatrix)[2].

简介：Brain-machineinterfaceshaveinrecentyearsallowedparalyzedpatientstocontrolroboticarms,computercursors,andexoskeletonssimplybythinkingaboutit.Theseinterfacesrequireelectrodesthataresurgicallyimplantedintoorontopofthebraintoreadelectricalsignalsfromfiringneurons.Butanov-