简介:Inrecentyears,thepotentialofrenewablegreenenergysourceshasbeenextensivelystudied.Theproventechnologywhichisphotovoltaicsolarcellsstrictlydependsondaylightandproduceslow-efficiently.Toovercometherestrictions,onetechnologystudiedisthroughharvestingthethermalradiationenergywhichcanprovidea24-hourenergysource.Thecontinuityofenergysourcespromisesverygoodenergyconversionespeciallyformilitaryapplications.Thisarticlepresentsanewstructurethatcanharvesttheabundantthermalradiationenergyintousableenergyatthewavelengthof10μm.Arectangularstructurewithaperturbationslitwasdesignedtointegratewitharectifiercircuitforgreenenergyconversion.Theslittunneljunctionguidedtheelectromagneticfieldintoajunctionwheretheenergycouldbecollectedandconverted.Anenhancementfactorofapproximately110.6canbeachievedbyaperturbationslitlengthof1.0μm.Theresultsextractedfromtheproposeddesignpromiseabettercandidatetoovercomethedisadvantagesofphotovoltaicsolarcellsforenergyharvestingdevices.
简介:现在的分析在非线性的热放射的影响下面经过常常动人的表面讨论伊灵·鲍威尔nanofluid的边界层流动。热和集体转移机制在身体上合适的对流边界条件下面被检验。可变热电导率和化学反应的效果也被考虑。用Homotopy分析方法(火腿)的所有深奥分布的系列答案被获得。统治嵌入的流动参数的影响通过图形的插图被讨论。在与温度的关系的热放射参数表演增加趋势介绍,这被观察。然而,化学反应参数展出减少的行为对集中分发。
简介:有沿着一张拉长的表的混合传送对流的非牛顿的液体的不可压缩的流动被分析。热转移现象通过热放射被讨论。融化的热转移和热产生/吸收的效果也被拿。合适的转变被利用达到非线性的平常的微分表情。会聚的系列答案被介绍。液体流动,温度,和表面热转移率图形地被检验。当时,松驰时间什么时候增加,被观察速度减少当延迟时间是不变的时,增加。当放射参数增加时,结果也表明温度分发减少。
简介:Mixedconvectionthree-dimensionalflowofJeffreyfluidisstudiedinthepresenceofthermalradiationandthermophoresis.Therelevantproblemsareformulated,andseriessolutionsarepresentedforvelocities,temperature,andconcentration.Convergenceofseriessolutionsisobtainedgraphicallyandnumerically.Effectsofdifferentemergingparametersonthevelocities,temperature,andconcentrationfieldsareplottedanddiscussed.
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简介:在laminar的非线性的传送对流的效果三维的Oldroyd-B液体流动被探讨。热转移现象被考虑非线性的热放射和热产生/吸收探索。边界层假设被考虑管理流动分析的数学模型。一些合适的类似变量被介绍把部分微分方程转变成平常的微分系统。有射击方法的Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg第四顺序、第五顺序的技术被用来获得无尺寸的速度和温度的答案。液体速度和温度上的各种各样的物理参数的效果被阴谋并且检验。比较与准确并且homotopy不安答案被做为粘滞液体大小写,和一根优秀火柴被注意。墙的数字价值砍在墙的压力和热转移率被公布并且调查。在德卜拉数字的价值的改进在液体速度上显示出反向的行为。当非线性的传送对流参数增加时,结果证明温度和热边界层被减少。Nusselt数字的价值比处于线性放射状况的那些处于非线性的放射状况是更高的。
简介:AnexperimentwasperformedontheShenguangIIIprototypelaserfacilitytocontinuethestudyonhohlraumradiationsourcewithapproximatelyconstantradiationtemperatureusingacontinuouslyshapedlaserpulse.Aradiationsourcewithaflattoptemperatureofabout130eVthatlastedabout5nswasobtained.Thepreviousanalyticaliterationmethodbasedonpowerbalanceandself-similarsolutionofablationwasmodifiedtakingintoaccounttheplasmamovementsanditwasusedtodesignthelaserpulseshapeforexperiment.Acomparisonbetweenexperimentalresultsandsimulationispresentedandbetteragreementwasachievedusingthemodifiedmethod.Furtherimprovementsarediscussed.
简介:Microcalorimetrywasdevelopedtodeterminethermalconductivities(λ)ofthermalinsulatorswithhollowcylindricalshapes,Aspecialdeviceofspecimentwithresistancethreadswrappedonitssurfaceandelectricheaterplacedinitsholewasdesignedtomeettheneedsofdeterminingλwithoutusingstandardsubstancestocalibratetheinstrument.Aformulaforcalculatingthevalueofλwasderived.Byheatingintheholeandonthesurfaceofthespecimenrespectively,thevaluesofλcanbeobtainedconvenientlybythistechnique.Themethodwastestedwithteflon,plexiglass,quartzglassandp[olyethylene.Theexperimentalvaluesofλforthefoursubstancesagreewellwiththeliteraturesones.Erroranalysiswasalsomadeontheexperimentaldata.Itwasfounrthatthemainfactorsaffectingvaluesofλare:(1)Theerroreofdeterminingthevaluesofheatcumulatedinspecimenandmaterialsinthespacearounditand(2)theerroreofdeterminingthevaluesofinnerandouterradiiofcylindricalspecimen.λ
简介:AnX-rayradiationsourcewithapproximatelyconstantradiationtemperatureisrealizedbyirradiatinggoldenhohlraumwithashapedlaserpulse.Asimpletheoreticalmodelbasedonpowerbalanceisusedtodesigntheshapeofthedrivelaserpulse.ExperimentsarecarriedoutontheShenguangIIIprototypelaserfacility,andtheexperimentalresultsarepresentedforradiationsourceswiththeflat-toplastingabout2.5nsattwodiferentpeaktemperaturesofabout150eVand170eV,respectively,includingthetimehistoriesofthetemperatures,theshapesofthedrivelaserpulsesandthetimeintegratedradiationspectra.Thevalidityofthemodelandpossibleimprovementsarediscussed.
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简介:AbstractPancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with a high recurrence rate even after curative-intent resection. Improvements in survival have not been achieved in the last 25 years thus highlighting the need for effective multimodal treatment strategies. The role of radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer remains ill-defined due to historical lack of a standard definition of resectability, and the use of antiquated radiation delivery techniques and chemotherapy regimens. Current level I data regarding neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are limited to 2 randomized controlled trials and several retrospective studies and suggest that it may lead to an increased likelihood of a margin-negative resection and certainly allows for improved patient selection for pancreaticoduodenectomy when compared to upfront surgery. In the adjuvant setting, data are similarly lacking but suggest that chemoradiotherapy may be beneficial for patients at high risk of locoregional recurrence. Here we review existing data regarding the role of radiation in PDAC.
简介:Theeffectivethermalconductivityofcompositeswithellipsoidalfillersisanalyzedbyusingahomogenizationmethodthatisabletorepresentthemicrostructureprecisely.Inthisstudy,variousparameterssuchasthevolumefraction,shape,anddistributionofthefillerarequantitativelyestimatedtounderstandthemechanismsofheattransferinthecomposite.First,thermalboundaryresistancebetweenresinandfillerisimportantforobtainingcompositeswithhigherthermalconductivity.Second,theanisotropyoftheeffectivethermalconductivityarisesfromcontactbetweenfillerinthecaseofellipsoidalfillerandproduceslowerthermalresistance.Finally,thefillernetworkandthermalresistanceareessentialfortheheattransferincompositesbecausethepathofthermalconductionisimprovedbycontactbetweenneighboringfillerparticles.
简介:AdsorptionequilibriumexperimentsofphenolontheNKAIIresinareseparatelyconductedinthepresenceandabsenceofultrasoundatambienttemperature.Theisothermofphenolonthepolymeradsorbentinthepresenceofultrasonicfieldisfirstlyreported.Resultsindicatedthattheisothermofphenoldeterminedinthepresenceofultrasoundislowerthanthatintheabsenceofultrasound.Inaddition,experimentsalsoshowthattheuseofultrasoundtotheadsorptionsystemofthephenolaqueoussolutionandNKAⅡresincouldcausetherisingofthetemperatureofthesystemintheorderof6^-C.TheeffectofultrasoundontheisothermofthephenolontheNKAⅡresinmostlyascribestothethermaleffectandthenon-thermaleffectofultrasonicfield.andtheroleofthelaterisgreaterthanthatoftheformer.
简介:Aninversemethodispresentedforestimatingtheunknownboundaryincidentradiationheatfluxononesideofone-dimensionalsemitransparentplanarslabwithsemitransparentboundariesfromtheknowledgeoftheradiationintensitiesexitingfromtheotherside.Theinverseproblemissolvedusingconjugategradientmethodofminimizationbasedondiscreteordinatesmethod(DOM)ofradiativetransferequation.TheequationsofsensitivitycoefficientsarederivedandeasilysolvedbyDOM,withtheresultthatthecomplicatednumericaldifferentiationcommonlyusedinsolvingsensitivitycoefficientsisavoided.Theeffectsofanisotropicscattering,absorptioncoefficient,scatteringcoefficient,boundaryreflectivity,fluidtemperatureoutsidetheboundaries,convectionheattransfercoefficients,conductioncoefficientofsemitransparentmediaandslabthicknessontheaccuracyoftheinverseanalysisareinvestigated.Theresultsshowthattheboundaryincidentradiationheatfluxcanbeestimatedaccurately,evenwithnoisydata.
简介:Thetwo-streamapproximationisappliedtosolvethemultiplescatteredradiationtransferequationsforaninhomogeneousaerosolatmosphere.Theaccurateabsorptionofwatervapor,ozone,carbondioxideandmolecularoxygeniscalculated.Calculationshavebeencarriedoutbandbybandforthebeatingrateofatmosphere.Theresultsshowthattheeffectofaerosolsonsolarheatingoftheatmosphereissignificant.