简介：伴随全球化浪潮而来的新的＂世界文学＂,面临着三方面的重要挑战：翻译的挑战、表述再现的挑战和＂文学＂界定的挑战。因而,这门新学科首先应对那些自身得以发生和发展的预设条件,进行严格审慎的考察,以实现自我质询。

简介：ThestudyfocusesonthedifficultsituationofthePragueLinguisticCircle(PLC)duringtheSecondWorldWar(WWⅡ).DespitethedecreaseofpublicationpossibilitiesandcensorshipinthefirstyearsofWWⅡtheactivitiesoftheCircledidnotsubstantiallychange:meetingsandlectureswentonandalsoSlovoaslovesnost(WordandVerbalArt)waspublisheduntil1943.Nevertheless,acertaindecreaseofactivitiescamein1944.Ingeneral,duringWWⅡtheCirclewasoneoffewcentersofCzechscholarlyeffortandthankstoitseveralkeyindividualworksofVilémMathesius,JanMukaovsky,BohuslavHavrnek,JiíVeltrusky,VladimírSkalickaetc.andcollectivebookssuchasTorsoatajemstvíMáchovadíla(TheFragmentandMysteryofMácha'sWork),teníojazyceapoesii(ReadingonLanguageandLiterature)werepublished.TheseworkssignificantlyhelpedtopreserveacontinuityofanimportantresearchtraditionoftheCzechStructuralism,andinfluencedafurtherdevelopmentofCzechlinguistics,aswellasCzechliterarycriticism,aesthetics,andtheatrestudies.ThepresentstudyfocusesalsoonJanMukaovsky'sactivitiesduringWWⅡandonhisworkspublishedatthattime.