简介：Futuremultimediacommunicationsystemshavetosupporttheuser'sneeds,theterminalcapabilities,thecontentspecificationandtheunderlyingnetworkingtechnologies.Therelatedprotocolsandapplicationsmustbedesignedfromthisintegrationperspectiveinacross-layercentricmanner.Inthispaper,weproposeanimplementationofastreamingservice(e.g.,TelevisionoverIPservice)withaunifiedQoSmanagementconceptthatenablesanIPdrivenintegrationofdifferentsystemcomponents(terminal,user,content,andnetwork).TheMPEG-21frameworkisusedtoprovideacommonsupportforimplementingandmanagingtheend-to-endQoS.Themainfocusofthispaperisonthearchitecturedesign,protocolsspecificationandimplementationevaluation.PerformanceevaluationsusingPSNRandSSIMobjectivevideoqualitymetricsshowthebenefitoftheproposedMPEG-21-enabledcross-layeradaptation.

简介：Throughournewly-developed'chemicalvapordepositionintegratedprocess(CVD-IP)'usingcarbondioxide(CO2)astherawmaterialandonlycarbonsourceintroduced,CO2couldbecatalyticallyactivatedandconvertedtoanewsolid-formproduct,i.e.,carbonnanotubes(CO2-derived)ataquitehighyield(thesingle-passcarbonyieldinthesolid-formcarbon-productproducedfromCO2catalyticcaptureandconversionwasmorethan30%atasingle-passcarbon-base).Forcomparison,whenonlypurecarbondioxidewasintroducedusingtheconventionalCVDmethodwithoutintegratedprocess,nosolid-formcarbon-materialproductcouldbeformed.IntheadditionofsaturatedsteamatroomtemperatureinthefeedforCVD,thereweremuchmoreend-openingcarbonnano-tubesproduced,ataslightlyhighercarbonyield.Theseinspiringworksopenedaremarkableandalternativenewapproachforcarbondioxidecatalyticcapturetosolid-formproduct,comparingwiththatofCO2sequestration(CCS)orCO2mineralization(solidification),etc.Asaresult,therewasmuchlessbodyvolumeandalmostnogreenhouseeffectforthissolid-formcarbon-materialthanthoseofprimitivecarbondioxide.