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简介：Ginsengisarootvegetablewhoseshaperesemblesthehumanbody,anditsname(pronounced'insam'inKorean)containstheChinese

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简介：AbstractThe rising threats from antimicrobial resistance due to inappropriate utilization of antimicrobial agents in health care including the pediatric population has been a topic of concern at the global level for the last several decades. The antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is a multidisciplinary institutional initiative focusing primarily on the improvement of antimicrobial prescribing practices and limiting inappropriate use. ASPs play an important role in the implementation of healthcare strategies in pediatrics worldwide to reduce antimicrobial resistance. Many published reports demonstrate how adapted ASPs in pediatrics result in improvement of unnecessary antimicrobial utilization, decreasing drug resistance and treatment failure, minimization of adverse clinical outcomes, decreasing healthcare costs and hospital length of stay, and optimization of diagnostic strategies. However, some barriers in pediatric ASP still exist. This narrative review describes core elements of ASP, the impact of implemented ASPs on pediatric healthcare, and challenges of pediatric ASP as seen by the authors.

简介：1ThebackgroundofthedevelopmentofInternationalTravelMedicineinChina1.1Thenumberofexitpersonsin1993is93000000,duetotheexpansionofopenesstotheoutside,internationaltravelandthedevelopmentofforeigntrade.1.2Fitforthedevelopmentofthesocialistmarketeconomyandmeettheneedsofdaily—risinginternationaltravelhealthcareatdifferentlevels.

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简介：在最近的年里，草药的药用的产品的治疗学、有毒的活动的评估上的研究变得可得到、流行。在现代生物工学的进展导致了许多新活跃成分的发现。然而，为草药的药用的产品的功效和安全建立药理学基础是经常的挑战。效果的更好的理解和phytopharmaceuticals的bioavailability能在发现合适、合理的治疗帮助。在这评论，我们在场在为一些重要的更多被进行了的免疫系统的bioavailability研究使用了phytopharmaceuticals。而且，值得在草药的药区域和他们的规章的机制也是的immunomodulating为药开发使用的各种各样的新药目标讨论了。不利效果，药相互作用，和禁止徵候也被讨论它证明当把phytopharmaceuticals与化学上导出的药品的部件相结合时，小心应该被行使。

简介：Somehavesuggestedtheterm“Precision”medicinereplace“Personalized”medicine.Idon’tlikeeithertermandI’lltellyouwhy.WhatisPrecision?ThewordPrecisioncanbedefinedsimplyasreproducibilityanddoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthediagnosisisaccurate.Thus,ifthemedicaldecisionisprecisebutnotnecessarilyaccurateitisnotveryuseful.Accuracyisdefinedasbeingneartothetrueordesiredvalue.e.g.consideratargetonariflerange;iftheshotshaveatightgroupinganywhereonthetarget,theyareprecisebuttheyareonlypreciseandaccurateifthattightgroupingisintheBull’seye.

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简介：Accordingtodifferentiationofsymptomsandsigns,prostatosiswasdividedintopatternofdampnessandheatinthelowerenergizer,patternofqistagnationandbloodstasis,patternofdeficiencyandcoldinthelowerabdomen,andpatternofqideficiencyandkidneydeficiency.Prostatosisweretreatedmainlybyacupuncture,plusmoxibustionandChinesemedicine,andtheeffectwasgood.

简介：AbstractThe obstetric issues and management styles in China are different from that in Western countries. Chinese medical education, residency training, obstetric care structure, and management of common obstetric complications are briefly reviewed and compared to the United States. Maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) is rapidly developing in China, but the development of MFM may not follow the same trajectory as in the West. Understanding the difference between China and the West may facilitate communication and foster mutual development.

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简介：AbstractOver the last 20 years, it has become possible to use a precision medicine approach to the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Clinical and physiological features as well as a blood biomarker can be used to target treatments to patients most likely to benefit and avoid treatment in patients less likely to benefit. Future advances in a precision medicine approach to COPD will depend on more precise characterization of individual patients, possibly using quantitative imaging, new physiological techniques, novel biomarkers and genetic profiling. Precision medicine has led to significant improvements in the management of COPD and clinicians should use all available information to optimize the treatment of individual patients.

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简介：瞄准：在日本在胃的肠学之中澄清防御的药和特定的防御的药惯例的流行。方法：在广岛的调查ofgastroenterologists，日本，被邮件在2006年3月进行。在他们实践和报导的防御的药的范围报导防御的药行为或变化的数字ofgastroenterologists练习，即，保证和回避行为，是examined.RESULTS：从171胃的肠学的131的一个总数(77%)完成了调查。三(2%)回答者们被控告，并且大多数回答者(96%)有责任保险。将近，所有回答者(98%)报导了练习防御的药。回避行为例如避免某些过程或干预并且避免喜欢高风险的病人，是很普通的(96%)。百分之七十五个回答者报导了经常避免某些过程或干预。然而，经验丰富的胃的肠学(那些在为超过20年的实践)在实践比那些不太经常显著地采用了回避行为不到10年。Assurancebehaviors，即，供应边缘或不医药的价值的另外的服务，也是普遍的(91%)。百分之68个回答者报导他们有时或经常不必要地提交了病人给另外的专家。结论：防御的药可以是在整个日本的高度流行的amonggastroenterologists，与关于费用，存取，和照顾的技术、人与人之间的质量的潜在地严肃的含意。

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简介：Somediseasesotherthancardiacdiseasecanbe“prevented”,butthepurposeofthiscommunicationwrittenbyaclinicalcardiologist,notasapreventionspecialist,istofocusstrictlyoncardiovasculardisease.Thedefinitionofpreventivemedicineinsimplesttermsmeanskeepingyourpatienthealthy.Inadditiontomaintaininghealth,ofcourse,wewanttopreventthedisabilityassociatedwithcardiacdiseaseaswellasdeathintheyoungerperson.

简介：Developmentofsensorneedlesforchinesetraditionalmedicineisalongtermre-searchprojectinouruniversity.Now,temperature.PH,PO2andpotentialsensorneedleshavebeendeveloped.Thesenewelementsarederivedfromthecombinationbetweenasensorandanac-tuator.Thedesignprinciple,functionalmaterials,fabricationtechnic,calibrationmethodandclin-icalapplicationoftheseneedlesarereportedinthispaper.