简介:TheXRPD(X-raypowderdiffractometry)patternsofsiliconpowderwithaunitcellstructureofdiamondweredeterminedfrom298to1473K.LatticeparametersofSilinearlyincreasewithtemperature.Thethermalshiftsofthepositionsofallreflectionpeaksarelinearlycorrelatedwiththetemperature.Thecoefficientsoftheintrinsiclinearthermalexpansionandvolumetricthermalexpansionweredeterminedas3.87×10-6/Kand1.16×10-5/Krespectively.ItindicatesthatSiisstillasuitablestandardintheXRPDmethodathightemperatures.
简介:土壤的理解在野火或控制灼伤以后的热电导率是重要的打管理和火以后的恢复努力。尽管玷污热电导率很好被学习了因为非火加热了土壤,全面数据评估在土壤上的从火的极端加热的长期的效果热电导率被限制。这研究的目的是由直接比较在土壤的有效热传导性上评估火的长期的影响加热火的,没有火控制通过一系列实验室研究玷污。热传导性在Manitou试验性的福雷斯特,以内从二个地点为十件土壤样品被测量科罗拉多,美国,为到浸透的剩余度的从浸透的水内容的一个范围。测量的热传导性与用文学用三个实验模型做的独立估计相比,包括坎贝尔等。(1994),C?t???????$
简介:TheeffectofdifferentkindsofsurfactantsontheextractionprocessofNileBlue-I-wasinvestigatedbylaserthermallensspectrometry.Itwasshownthatthesurfactantscouldaccelerateordeceleratetheextractionratebyvaryingtheextractive’ssolubilityandtheinterfacialtensionoftheextractionsolution.Thehighertheconcentrationofsurfactantswas,themoreobvioustheeffect.
简介:Inthisstudy,aporousinsertedregenerativethermaloxidizer(PRTO)systemwasdevelopedfora125kWindustrialcopper-meltingfurnace,duetoitsadvantagesoflowNOxemissionsandhighradiantefficiency.Zirconiumdioxide(ZrO2)ceramicfoamswereplacedintothecombustionzoneofaregenerativethermaloxidizer(RTO).DifferentperformancecharacteristicsoftheRTOandPRTOsystems,includingpressuredrop,temperaturedistribution,emissions,andenergyefficiency,wereevaluatedtostudytheeffectsoftheporousinsertsonnon-premixedCH4combustion.ItwasfoundthatthePRTOsystemachievedasignificantreductionintheNOxemissionlevelandafuelsavingofapproximately30%comparedtotheRTOsystem.Itismostsuitableforaleancombustionprocessatanequivalenceratio<0.4withNOxandCOemissionlevelswithin0.002%-0.003%and0.001%-0.002%,respectively.
简介:Weproposeaschemeforteleportationoffour-levelatomicstatesinthermalcavities.TheschemedoesnotinvolvethegeneralizedBell-stateorgeneralizedGHZ-statemeasurement,whichisdifficultinpractice.Anotherfeatureoftheschemeisthatitdoesnotrequireindividualaddressingofatomsincavityandisinsensitivetobothcavitydecayandthermalfield,whichisofimportanceinpointofexperiment.
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简介:在多客观的优化,交易分析在决定大多数比较喜欢答案起一个重要作用。这篇论文基于代理人价值交易函数论述明确的交互交易分析决定最好损害的解决方案。在themultiobjective框架,热电源派遣问题在四目的viz.cost,NO_X排放,SO_X排放和CO_X排放同时在哪个被最小化被承担。交互过程被以系统的方式调整目的相对重量用一个weighting方法实现。因此weighting方法便于在非劣等的领域模仿在冲突目的之间的交易关系。存取不在乎乐队,的利用模糊决策理论和决定制造者的相互作用worthtrade离开经由代理人被获得(SWT)目的工作。代理人价值交易函数在功能的空格被构造然后转变了成决定空格,因此代理人worthtrade离开目的工作通过最佳的重量模式联系决定制造者的偏爱到非劣等的解决方案。热力量派遣问题的最佳的答案被认为真实、反应的力量是损失获得。Decoupled负担流动分析被执行发现传播损失。建议方法的有效性在11公共汽车上被表明,17线IEEEsystem,三个发电机包括。
简介:东方Asiansubtropical西的喷气(EAWJ)和热机制的紧张和地点的季节变异被从1961~2000使用NCEP/NCARmonthlyreanalysis数据分析。EAWJ的季节变异集中,这被发现不仅有重要南方的移植,而且显示出快速的带的排水量duringJune7月。而且,在那里存在带的矛盾在向北方转移EAWJaxis的过程。EAWJ季节变异的热机制上的分析显示EAWJ季节变异的年度周期与气温的南方的差别的结构匹配很好,建议EAWJ季节变异是仔细与由于太阳辐射和陆地海的不同类的加热有关热对比。Throughinvestigating在EAWJ和热运输之间的关系,这被揭示EAWJweakens和移动向北方在到夏日的从冬的温暖的时期期间,而theEAWJ加强并且变在到冬的从夏日的冷却时期期间向南方。水平热移流运输的Themeridional差别是决定南方的温度差别的主要因素。EAWJ的南方的移动跟随水平热移流运输的最大的南方的坡度的地点。在从Aprilto10月的时期期间,加热的diabatic在EAWJcenter的带的排水量起主角。西藏的高原加热到中间上面的对流层的diabatic在6月7月期间导致EAWJ中心的快速的带的排水量。
简介:Thermalstabilizationisanimportantprocessincarbonfibers'production,duringwhichthepolyacryloni-trilefibersareheatedfrom180℃to280℃inair.Inthisstudy,thesampleswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction,Fourierinfraredspectroscopy,differentialscanningcalorimetry,smallangleX-rayScattering(SAXS)andmechanicaltensiletests.Anewrulewassuggestedbytheresultsofstructuralcharacterizationforthecyclization,dehydrogena-tionandoxidationreactionsthatwereobservedtobedrasticfrom200℃to220℃,from220℃to250℃,andinthelaterperiodofthethermalstabilizationreactions,respectively.Thesizes,shapesanddistributionsofthesealedmicroporeswereobtainedfromtheSAXSdata.Thebreakingelongationwassignificantlyaffectedbythedrasticcyclizationanddehydrogenationreactions.Thebreakingforcewasaffectedconsiderablybythebiggermicropores,especiallyfrom220℃to250℃,owingtothedrasticdehydrogenationreactions.
简介:Thephotoacousticmodelofmultilayerwithastrong-absorbingsurfacelayerisdeveloped.Thephaseofph0toacoustiesignalismeasuredasafunctionofmodulatedfrequencyusingapparatustotallycontrolledbyacomputersystem.Thethermaldiffusivity,effusivityaswellasthicknessofseveralburiedlayersareobtainedindependentlythroughthebestfitofexperimentaldataaccordingtothetheoreticalmodel.Themultilayersofthinmetalandalloyfilmareinvestigated.Thismethodisprovedtobevaluableparticularlyinnondestructiveexaminationofsubsurfacephysicalproperties.