简介：Withtheincreaseofpetroleumandgasproductionindeepocean,marinerisersofcircularcylindershapearewidelyusedintheoffshoreoilandgasplatform.Inordertoresearchthehydrodynamicperformanceofmarinerisers,thedynamicmeshtechniqueandUser-DefinedFunction(UDF)areusedtosimulatethecircularcylindermotion.Themotionofatransverselyoscillatingcircularcylinderincombinationofuniformflowandoscillatingflowissimulated.Theuniformflowandoscillatingflowbothareinxdirection.SIMPLEalgorithmisusedtosolvetheNavier-Stokesequations.TheUser-DefinedFunctionisusedtocontrolthecylindertransversevibrationandtheinletflow.Theliftanddragcoefficientchangingwithtimeandthemapofvorticityisolinesatdifferentphaseangleareobtained.ForcetimehistoriesareshownforuniformflowatReynoldsnumber(Re)of200andforthecombinationofuniformandoscillatingflows.Withtheincreaseofamplitudeofoscillatingflowincombinedflow,thechangeofliftamplitudeisnotsensitivetothethechangeofcylinderoscillatingfrequency.Liftamplitudeincreaseswiththeincreaseofoscillatingflowamplitudeinthecombinedflow,butthereisnodefiniteperiodicityoftheliftcoefficient.Thedragandinertiaforcecoefficientschangewhenthemaximumvelocityoftheoscillatingflowincreasesinthecombinedflow.Thevortexsheddingnearthecircularcylindershowsdifferentcharacteristics.

简介：热流动在2012在第5中国国家北极远征期间在洛莫诺索夫·理兹上被测量。为了导出时间温度，弯，抵抗力数据被resistivitytemperature节目转变到温度。直接的读和线性回归方法被用来计算平衡温度，它是对在沉积的探针的深度的regressed导出地热的坡度。然后，热流动作为地热的坡度的产品和沉积的热电导率被计算。热流动价值根据二个方法是类似的(即，67.27mW/m2和63.99mW/m2，分别地)。结果与大小在邻近的地点执行了一致。热流动模型预言的洛莫诺索夫·理兹的年龄是62妈，它根据山脉在大约60妈与欧亚大陆被分开的推理。

简介：Basedonthemodeltestofpoddedpropulsorinstraightforwardmotion,thepaperpresentstheresultsoftheeffectsofgeometricparametersonthepropulsivecharacteristicsofpoddedpropulsorsinviscousflow.Threemaingeometricalparameters,i.e.poddiameter,strutdistancefromthepropellerplane,andthemaximumthicknessofstrutarestudiedwithsystematicallyvariedgeometrywhiletheparametersofpropellerbladesarefixed.TheRANSapproachisadoptedtostudythesteadyperformanceusingtheFluentsoftwarepackage.Whiletheinteractionsofthepropellerbladeswiththepodandstrutaretime-dependentbynature,themixingplanemodelisemployedtopredictthesteadyperformance.Inconsiderationofthecomplexity,theresearchdoesnotdealwiththeeffectsofthecombinationofsuchthreemainparameters.

简介：Recentobservationssupportanemergingparadigmthatclimatevariabilitydominatesnutrientenrichmentincostaleco-systems,whichcanexplainseasonalandinter-annualvariabilityofphytoplanktoncommunitycomposition,biomass(Chl-a),andprimaryproduction(PP).Inthispaper,wecombinedobservationandmodelingtoinvestigatetheregulationofphytoplanktondynamicsinChesapeakeBay.Theyearwechoseis1996thathashighriverrunoffandisusuallycalleda’wetyear’.A3-Dphysical-biogeochemicalmodelbasedonROMSwasdevelopedtosimulatetheseasonalcycleandtheregionaldistributionsofphytoplanktonbiomassandprimaryproductioninChesapeakeBay.Basedonthemodelresults,NO3presentsastrongcontrasttotherivernitrateloadduringspringandthehighestconcentrationinthebayreachesaround80mmolNm-3.Comparedwiththenormalyear,phytoplanktonbloominspringof1996appearsinlowerlatitudeswithahigherconcentration.Quantitativecomparisonbetweenthemodeledandobservedseasonalaverageddissolvedinorganicnitrogenconcentrationsshowsthatthemodelproducesreliableresults.Thecorrelationcoefficientr2forallquantitiesexceeds0.95,andtheskillparameterforthefourseasonsisallabove0.95.

简介：-ThehydrodynamicforcesonasmoothinclinedcircularcylinderexposedtooscillatingflowwereexperimentallyinvestigatedatReynoldsnumber(Re)intherange40000-200000andKeulegan-Capenternumber(KC)intheintervalfrom5-40.Inthetest,RenumberandKCnumberwerevariedsystematically.Theinertiaforcecoefficient(Cu)andthedragforcecoefficient(CD)inMorisonequationweredeterminedfromthemeasuredloadsandthewaterparticlekinematics.InthisanalysisamodifiedformofMorisonequationwasusedsinceitusesthenormalvelocityandacceleration.Thus,theapplicabilityoftheCrossFlowPrinciplewasassumed.Thisprinciple,simplystated,isasfollows:theforceactinginthedirectionnormaltotheaxisofacylinderplacedatsomeobliqueanglewiththedirectionofflowisexpressedintermsofthenormalcomponentofflowonly,andtheaxialcomponentisdisregarded.Boththetotalin-lineforcecoefficient(CF)andtransverseforce(lift)coefficient(Cf)wereanalyzed

简介：Themixingcharacteristicsofparticlessuchasdredgedsedimentofvariablesizedischargedintocrossflowarestudiedbya3Dnumericalmodel,whichisdevelopedtomodeltheparticle-fluidtwo-phaseflow.TheEulerianmethodwiththemodifiedk-εparameterizationofturbulenceforthefluidphaseisusedtosolvefluidphase,whileaLagrangianmethodforthesolidphase(particles),boththeprocessesarecoupledthroughthemomentumsources.Inthemodelthewaketurbulenceinducedbyparticleshasbeenincludedasadditionalsourceterminthek-εmodel;andthevariabledriftvelocitiesoftheparticlesaretreatedefficientlybytheLagrangianmethodinwhichtheparticlesaretrackedexplicitlyandthediffusionprocessisapproximatedbyarandomwalkmodel.Thehydrodynamicbehaviorofdumpingacloudofparticlesisgovernedbythetotalbuoyancyofthecloud,thedragforceoneachparticleandthevelocityofcross-flow.Thecomputedresultsshowaroughlylinearrelationshipbetweenthedisplacementofthefrontalpositionandthelongitudinalwidthoftheparticlecloud.Theparticlesizeinthecloudandthevelocityofcrossflowdominatetheflowbehavior.Thecomputedresultsarecomparedwiththeresultsoflaboratoryexperimentsandsatisfactoryagreementisobtained.

简介：BothexperimentalandnumericalinvestigationsontheflowpastacylinderundertheinfluenceofLorentzforce(electromagneticforce)wereconductedinanelectricallylow-conductingfluid.TheLorentzforceisappliedbothlocally,whollyandperiodicallyonthesurfaceofthecylinder,andtheircontroleffectsforflowseparationwereinvestigatedBothexperimentalandnumericalresultsshowthatLorentzforcecansuppresstheflowseparationwithLorentzforceappliedonbothlocalandwholesurfaceofthecylinder.However,whentheperiodicandoppositeLorentzforceadopted,thecylinderwakecannotbestabilized.

简介：潮汐的流动是一个周期的运动不稳定、不一致，它显然有加速和减速过程，特别在沿海的浅水里。潮汐的流动雷纳兹应力的垂直分发从线性分发背离了的许多研究表演。潮汐的流动雷纳兹压力的寓言的分发被歌等建议。(2009)。尽管模型更好充满领域观察和室内的试验性的数据，它有潮汐的流动雷纳兹应力的更低的截断的系列扩大，并且对分发的描述不是很全面的。由介绍潮汐的流动的运动方程并且改善，寓言的分发由歌等建立了。(2009)，潮汐的流动雷纳兹压力的立方的分发被建议。立方的分发被领域数据验证很好(Bowden和Fairbairn，1952；Bowden等，1959；Rippeth等，2002)并且试验性的数据(Anwar和阿特金斯，1980)，与Kuo等的数字模型结果一致。(1996)，并且与潮汐的流动雷纳兹压力的寓言的分发相比。这立方的分布比寓言的分发，而且罐头不仅好，这更好被显示出反映与潮汐的流动减速与潮汐的流动加速并且向上向下从线性分发背离的雷纳兹应力的基本特征，为潮汐的流动的速度侧面上的进一步的学习的基础。

简介：

简介：TheliftforcesonhorizontalcylindernearbottomisexperimentallyinvestigatdeatReynolds(Re)intherangelf2500~10000andKeulegan~CARPENTERNUMBERS(kc)intheintervalof5~20,andgapratio(e/D)isfrom(a0)areanalyzdebyusingtheFourieranalysesmethod.ItisfoundthatfoundthatbothCl&a0arethefunctionslftheKcnumber.

简介：为模仿的一个提高的数字模型二维不可压缩粘滞有弄歪的免费表面的流动被报导。数字模拟彻底地被执行CIP(抑制插值侧面)基于方法，它在纸被描述。捕获计划的一个更精确的接口，VOF/WLIC计划(VOF：Volume-of-Fluid；WLIC：称的线接口计算)，作为捕获方法的接口被采用。估计发达算法和它的通用性，测试问题的一种选择被检验，即方形的波浪繁殖，Zalesaks僵硬身体旋转，有或没有障碍的水坝碎问题，在在极端波浪和漂浮的身体之间的一辆激动的波浪坦克和相互作用的波浪sloshing。当数字结果与相比时，优秀协议被获得可得到分析，试验性，并且另外的数字结果。这些例子证明在捕获的免费表面的VOF/WLIC计划的使用做更好的结果并且另外建议基于CIP的模型能够预言怪胎波浪相关的现象。

简介：Shallowwaterflow（SWF）,adisastrousgeohazardinthecontinentalmargin,hasthreateneddeepwaterdrillingoperations.Underoverpressureconditions,continualflowdeliveringunconsolidatedsandsupwardintheshallowlayerbelowtheseafloormaycauselargeandlong-lastinguncontrolledflows;theseflowsmayleadtocontrolproblemsandcausewelldamageandfoundationfailure.Eruptionsfromover-pressuredsandsmayresultinseafloorcraters,mounds,andcracks.Detailedstudiesof2D/3DseismicdatafromaslopebasinoftheSouthChinaSea（SCS）indicatedthepotentialpresenceofSWF.Itiscommonlycharacterizedbylowerelasticimpedance,ahigherVp/Vsratio,andahigherPoisson＇sratiothanthatforthesurroundingsediments.AnalysisofgeologicaldataindicatedtheSWFzoneoriginatedfromadeepwaterchannelsystemwithgasbearingover-pressuredfluidflowandahighsedimentationrate.WeproposedafluidflowmodelforSWFthatclearlyidentifiesitsstressandpressurechanges.TheruptureofpreviousSWFzonescausedthefluidflowthatoccurredintheBaiyunSagofthenorthernSCS.

简介：streamwise有对称的旋涡在第一个不稳定性范围流的圆形的柱体的导致流动的颤动被调查，并且为动态反应预言的一个wake振荡器模型被建议。一条途径被使用在现在的模型校准实验参数；数字、试验性的结果与相比验证建议模型。现在的预言模型精确、足够地简单容易在实践被使用，这能被发现。

简介：-Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheoffshoreoilindustries,submarineoil/gaspipelineshavebeenwidelyused.Underthecomplicatedsubmarineenvironmentalconditions,thedynamiccharacteristicsofpipelinesshowsomenewfeaturesduetotheexistenceofbothinternalandexternalflows.Thepaperisintendedtoinvestigatethevortex-inducedvibrationofthesuspendedpipelinespanexposedtosubmarinesteadyflow.Especially,theeffectsoftheflowinsidethepipelinearetakenintoaccount.Itsinfluencesontheamplitudeofpipelineresponse,andthenonthefatiguelife,aregivenintermsofthevelocityoftheinternalflow.

简介：从淡水的溶解有机物(DOM)，中间咸度，并且在Jiulong河河口的海水endmember样品，中国是用有10-kDa膜的跨流动的ultrafiltration的fractionated。胶体的有机物(COM；10kDa-0.22m)retentate，低分子的重量(LMW)DOM(<10kDa)渗入，并且体积样品用吸收光谱学和三维的荧光excitation-emission-matrix光谱学被分析。COM的紫外可见的系列很类似于获得为的那些渗入并且体积样品，与增加波长monotonically减少。大多数发色团的DOM(CDOM，表示了为吸收系数一355)发生在LMW部分，当在胶体的部分的CDOM的百分比比在海水endmember(6.8%)在淡水endmember(13.4%总数)是实质地更高的时。当有COM部分的移动和在中间咸度的样品的permeate部分的并发的增加时，体积CDOM在河口显示出保守混合行为，暗示胶体的CDOM的部分被转变成LMWCDOM。二个象腐殖一样部件(C1：<250，325/402nm；并且C2：265，360/458nm)并且一个像蛋白质的部件(C3：275/334nm)用平行因素分析被识别。分别地，到体积样品的COM部分的C1，C2，和C3部件的贡献是2.5%8.7%，4.8%12.6%，和7.4%14.7%揭示那荧光灯DOM主要在LMW部分发生在Jiulong河河口。在retentate的C1和C2部件并且渗入样品显示出保守混合行为，而是C2/C1的紧张比率比的在retentate是更高的在为所有咸度样品的permeate部分，证明腐殖的部件是更多比fulvic部件在COM充实。C3/(C1+C2)的紧张比率比在permeate部分为在retentate是高得多的中间咸度并且海水样品，表明像蛋白质的部件是相对，更多比象腐殖一样部件在COM充实。到在为海水endmember在淡水endmember从14%增加到72%的retentate的全部的荧光的像蛋白质的部件(C3)的贡献取样，清楚地在混合COM的过程的河口期间与像蛋白质的部件相比由象腐殖一样部件显示优势的变化。

简介：-Onthebasisofthephysicalmechanism,abody-fittedcoordinatesystemisdeveloped.Byusingthissystemtheboundariesinsimulationandinrealarefittedwell,andsimulationwithgreataccuracyisachieved.Acomputationexampleindicatesthatcomparedtotraditionaltwo-dimensionalcomputationmethods,thebody-fittedsimulationhasanadvantangeofbettercoincidencewiththerealandcanbeadoptedinsimulatingflowfieldsintidalestuaries.

简介：Thispaperdiscussesnumericalresultsfromthree-dimensionallargeeddysimulationsofanoscillatingcylinderunderprescribedmovementsinuniformflow.Sixcases,namelypurein-line,purecross-flowandtwogroupsof'FigureofEight'oscillationpatternsareunderinvestigationatReynoldsnumberRe=24000.The'FigureofEight'patternineachgroupiswithidenticalshapebutoppositeorbitaldirections.Thenumericalresultsonhydrodynamicforces,higherorderforcecomponents,andvortexsheddingmodesareextensivelystudiedandcomparedwiththemeasuredexperimentaldata.Itisfoundthatthefluidforceinphasewiththevelocity,whichrepresentstheenergytransferbetweenthefluidandthecylinder,hasoppositesignanddifferentmagnitudeduetotheoppositeorbitaldirection.Higherorderforcecomponentsincross-flowdirectionarefoundtooccuratoddnumbertimesoftheoscillatingfrequency,whileevennumbersdominatethehigherorderforcecomponentsinin-linedirection.The2Cand2Tvortexsheddingmodesarewellreproducedduetotheoppositeorbitaldirectioneffect.Comparisonsbetweennumericalandexperimentalresultsindicatethatthepresentnumericalmodelcouldbearationaltoolfortheidentificationofhydrodynamiccoefficientswhicharenormallyappliedinempiricalmodelstopredictthevortex-inducedvibrationsofslendermarinestructures.

简介：AnumericalwaveflumeisconstructedbasedontheReynoldsAveragedNavier-Stokes(RANS)equationswithturbulenceclosurebyamodifiedk-εmodeltostudytheviscousinteractionsofwaveswithverticalbreakwatersfordifferentovertoppingcases.Thegoverningequations,theturbulencemodel,boundaryconditions,andsolutionmethodforthenumericalwaveflumeareintroducedbriefly.Thereliabilityofthenumericalwaveflumeisexaminedbycomparingthenumericalresultswiththeexperimentalmeasurements,andgoodagreementsbetweenthemindicatethevalidityofthepresentmodel.Thedevelopmentsofmeanvelocityfields,thecontoursofvorticity,andtheinfluencesofwavenonlinearityonturbulencefieldaswavepassingthroughverticalbreakwatersarediscussedindetailbasedonthenumericalresults.Itisnotedthatthevorticesattherearofthelowersubmergedbreakwaterareclosetothebottomandmaybeinducethescouringtotheleesidetoeofmarinestructureinpractice.Overall,aconclusioncanbeobtainedfromthisstudythattheturbulenceinwavefieldaroundstructureisinduceddirectlybythedevelopmentofboundarylayeronthesolidboundary,thenonlinearinteractionoffreesurfacewithobstacle,andtheplungingofovertoppingwaves.

简介：Inthiswork,westudythecoupledcross-flowandin-linevortex-inducedvibration(VIV)ofafixedlymountedflexiblepipe,whichisfreetomoveincross-flow(Y-)andin-line(X-)directioninafluidflowwherethemassandnaturalfrequenciesarepreciselythesameinbothX-andY-direction.Thefluidspeedvariesfromlowtohighwiththecorrespondingvortexsheddingfrequencyvaryingfrombelowthefirstnaturalfrequencytoabovethesecondnaturalfrequencyoftheflexiblepipe.Particularemphasiswasplacedontheinvestigationoftherelationshipbetweenin-lineandcross-flowvibration.Theexperimentalresultsanalyzedbyusingthesemeasurementsexhibitsseveralvaluablefeatures.

简介：高度表并且在situ，数据被用来估计吝啬的表面在沿着115牲湥?潺慮l的节的带的因地球自转而引起的电流？？