简介:
简介:LetMbeacompactorientable3-manifoldwithMconnected.IfV∪SWisaHeegaardsplittingofMwithdistanceatleast6,thenthe-stabilizationofV∪SWalongMisunstabilized.HenceMhasatleasttwounstabilizedHeegaardsplittingswithdifferentgenera.ThebasictoolisaresultondiskcomplexgivenbyMasurandSchleimer.
简介:InapaperbyZhangandChenetal.(see[11]),aconjecturewasmadeconcerningtheminimumnumberofcolorsXat(G)requiredinapropertotal-coloringofGsothatanytwoadjacentverticeshavedifferentcolorsets,wherethecolorsetofavertexvisthesetcomposedofthecolorofvandthecolorsincidenttov.WefindtheexactvaluesofXat(G)andthusverifytheconjecturewhenGisaGeneralizedHalingraphwithmaximumdegreeatleast6.AgeneralizedHalingraphisa2-connectedplanegraphGsuchthatremovingalltheedgesoftheboundaryoftheexteriorfaceofG(thedegreesoftheverticesintheboundaryofexteriorfaceofGareallthree)givesatree.