简介：Theobjectiveofthispaperistocomparetheperformancesoftheturbines,whichcouldbeusedforwaveenergyconversioninthenearfuture,undervariousirregularwaveconditions.Theturbinesincludedinthepaperareasfollows:(1)Wellsturbinewithguidevanes;(b)impulseturbinewithself-pitch-controlledguidevanes;(c)impulseturbinewithfixedguidevanes.Inthisstudy,experimentalinvestigationswerecarriedouttoclarifytheperformancesoftheturbinesundersteadyflowconditions,andthenanumericalsimulationwasusedforpredictingtheperformancesunderirregularwaveconditionswithvarioussignificantwaveheights.Asaresult,itwasfoundthattherunningandstartingcharacteristicsoftheimpulseturbinescouldbesuperiortothoseoftheWellsturbine.

简介：TransmissionofananisotropicmetasurfaceisanalyzedinapolarbaserelyingontheJonescalculus,andpolarizationconversionfromthespatialuniformpolarizationtothespatialnonuniformpolarizationisexplored.Simpleandcompactpolarizationconvertersbasedonrectangularholesorcrossholesetchedinsilverfilmaredesigned,andpolarizationconversionsfromthelinearandcircularpolarizationtotheradialandazimuthalpolarizationarerealized.Numericalsimulationsofthreedesignedpolarizationconvertersconsistingofrectangularholesequivalenttopolarizersandquarter-andhalf-waveplates,exhibittheperfectpolarizationconversion.Theexperimentresultsconsistentwiththesimulationsverifytheoreticpredictions.Thisstudyishelpfulfordesigningmetasurfacepolarizationconvertersandexpandingtheapplicationofametasurfaceinpolarizationmanipulations.

简介：Directconversionofmethanetohigherhydrocarbonsisaneffectiveprocesstosolvetheproblemofnaturalgasutilization.Althoughremarkableprogresshasbeenachievedonthedehydro-aromatizationofmethane(DAM),lowconversioncausedbyseverethermodynamiclimitations,cokeformation,andcatalysisdeactivationremainimportantdrawbackstothedirectconversionprocess.MolybdenumcatalystssupportedonHZSM-5typezeolitesupportareamongthemostpromisingcatalysts.Thisreviewfocusesontheaspectsofdirectmethaneconversion,intermsofcatalystscontainingmetalandsupport,reactionconditions,andconversionindifferenttypesofreactors.Thereactionmechanismforthiscatalyticprocessisalsodiscussed.

简介：一台成双的单向性的推动汽轮机被建议了以便提高波浪精力植物的表演。这个汽轮机系统使用二台单向性的推动汽轮机，他们的流动方向与对方不同。然而，汽轮机特征没迄今为止被澄清。在稳定的流动条件下面的一台单向性的推动汽轮机的表演被在这研究与大活塞/柱体使用一条风隧道试验性地调查。然后，成双的推动汽轮机的效率被伪稳定的分析用试验性的结果估计了。

简介：

简介：Inordertoimprovetheperformanceofawellsturbinetheeffectofguidevaneswithvariousgapsbetweenturbinerotorandguidevanehasbeenclarifiedbymodeltestingandnumericalsimulation.Theresultshavebeencomparedwiththoseofthecasewithoutguidevanes,ItisfoundthattheoverallCharacteriticsareconsiderablyimprovedbytheinletguidevanes.Furthermore,asuitablechoiceofdesignfactorforthegaphasbeensuggested.

简介：CommercialproductionofvinylchloridefromacetylenereliesontheuseofHgCl2asthecatalyst,whichhascausedsevereenvironmentalproblemandthreatstohumanhealthbecauseofitstoxicity.Therefore,itisvitaltoexplorealternativecatalystswithoutmercury.WereportherethatN-dopedcarboncancatalyzedirectlytransformationofacetylenetovinylchloride.Particularly,N-dopedhighsurfaceareamesoporouscarbonexhibitsaratherhighactivitywiththeacetyleneconversionreaching77%andvinylchlorideselectivityabove98%ataspacevelocityof1.0mLmin-1g-1and200℃.Itdeliversastableperformancewithinatestperiodof100handnoobviousdeactivationisobserved,demonstratingpotentialstosubstitutethenotoriouslytoxicmercuricchloridecatalyst.

简介：有效的氨兆兆赫(THz)洞激光试验性地被报导。不同于象洞couplers和独立网孔couplers那样的过去的设计计划，在我们的系统，输入和输出couplers被扔镍制作ZnSe和高抵抗力的硅底层上的电容的金属性的网孔。因此couplers能不仅作为一个F-P振荡器被构造而且能是封上更容易执行排列的调整与的窗户被使用。为了提高THz激光，输出精力和光子变换效率，象泵紧张那样的主导的因素和煤气的压力试验性地被调查。最后，有在1.09kPa操作的90m波长(3.33THz)的氨激光的1.35mJ兆兆赫放射与9R(16)由402mJ茶CO2激光抽了线被产生，并且6.5%的光子变换效率被完成。

简介：Theoretical–computationalstudiesoftable-toplaser-drivennuclearfusionofhigh-energy(upto15MeV)deuteronswith7Li,6Li,andDnucleidemonstratetheattainmentofhighfusionyieldswithinasource–targetreactiondesign.ThisconstitutesasourceofCoulomb-explodingdeuteriumnanodropletsdrivenbyanultraintensefemtosecondnear-infraredlaserandasolidhollowcylindricaltargetcontainingthesecondelement.Thesource–targetreactiondesignattainsthehighesttable-topfusionefficiencies(upto4×109J1perlaserpulse)obtainedtodate.Thehighestconversionefficiencyoflaserenergytonuclearenergy(102–103)fortable-topDDfusionattainedinthesource–targetdesigniscomparabletothatforDTfusioncurrentlyaccomplishedfor‘bigscience’inertialfusionsetups.

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简介：Theactivationandselectiveconversionofenergy-relatedmoleculesisanimportantresearchareaofenergychemistry.Thedepletionofpetroleumhasstimulatedresearchactivitiesintotheutilizationofnon-petroleumcarbonresourcessuchasnaturalgas(includingconventionaland

简介：Theconceptofentransyhasbeennewlyproposedintermsoftheanalogybetweenheatandelectricalconductionandcouldbeusefulinanalyzingandoptimizingtheheat-workconversionsystems.Thisworkpresentscomparativeanalysesofentransyandexergyforoptimizationsofheat-workconversion.TheworkproductionandheattransferprocessesinCarnotcyclesystemareinvestigatedwiththeformulationsofexergydestruction,entransyloss,workentransy,entransydissipation,andefficienciesforbothcasesofdumpingandnon-dumpingofusedsourcefluid.Theeffectsofsourceandcondensationtemperaturesonthesystemperformancearesystematicallyinvestigatedforoptimalconditionofproducingmaximumworkorworkentransy.

简介：

简介：在这研究，为波浪精力变换与固定指南翼推进一台推动汽轮机的表演的改进以便完成，表演上的指南翼形状的效果被实验调查。调查被模型在稳定的流动状况下面测试执行。作为结果，因为转矩的增加，有3D指南翼的汽轮机的效率比有2D指南翼的汽轮机的稍微优异，这被发现指南翼，尽管越过为3D案例的汽轮机的压力落下为2D案例比那稍微高。关键词液体机械-推动汽轮机-指南翼-波浪精力变换CLC数字TK735

简介：Preparationofhierarchicallyporous,heteroatom-richnanostructuredcarbonsthroughgreenandscalableroutesplaysakeyroleforpracticalenergystorageapplications.Inthiswork,naturallyabundantlignocellulosicagriculturalwastewithhighinitialoxygencontent,hazelnutshells,werehydrothermallycarbonizedandconvertedintonanostructured‘hydrochar’.Environmentallybenignceramic/magnesiumoxide（MgO）templatingwasusedtointroduceporosityintothehydrochar.Electrochemicalperformanceoftheresultingmaterial（HM700）wasinvestigatedinaqueoussolutionsof1MH2SO4,6MKOHand1MNa2SO4,usingathree-electrodecell.HM700achievedahighspecificcapacitanceof323.2F/gin1MH2SO4（at1A/g,-0.3to0.9Vvs.Ag/AgCl）duetothecontributionsofoxygenheteroatoms（13.5wt%）tothetotalcapacitancebypseudo-capacitiveeffect.Moreover,amaximumenergydensityof11.1Wh/kgandamaximumpowerdensityof3686.2W/kgwereattainedforthesymmetricsupercapacitoremployingHM700aselectrodematerial（1MNa2SO4,E=2V）,makingthedevicepromisingforgreensupercapacitorapplications.

简介：Consideringenergyshortage,largemoleculesincorncobandeasyseparationofsolidcatalysts,nanooxidesareusedtotransformcorncobintousefulchemicals.Becauseofthemicrocrystals,nanooxidesofferenoughaccessiblesitesforcellulose,hemicelluloseandmonosaccharidefromcorncobhydrolysisandoxidant.Chemicalconversionofcorncobtoorganicacidsisinvestigatedovernanoceria,alumina,titaniaandzirconiaundervariousatmospheres.Liquidproductsaremainlyformicandaceticacids.Asmallamountofothercompounds,suchasD-xylose,D-glucose,arabinoseandxylitolarealsodetectedsimultaneously.Theyieldoforganicacidsreaches25%–29%overthenanooxideofceria,zirconiaandaluminawith3hreactiontimeunder453Kand1.2MPaO2.Theuniqueandfastconversionofcorncobisdirectlyapproachedoverthenanooxides.Theresultsarecomparativetothoseofbiofermentationandofferanalternativemethodinchemicallycatalyticconversionofcorncobtousefulchemicalsinaone-potchemicalprocess.

简介：Inthispaper,acylindricaldielectricbarrierdischarge（DBD）reactorhasbeendevelopedfortheconversionofmethaneintohydrogenandothervaluablechemicals.Theeffectsofawiderangeofprocessingparametersincludingdischargepower,residencetimeandfrequencyontheperformanceofplasmamethaneconversionreactionhavebeeninvestigated.TheresultsshowthattheCH4DBDcouldbecharacterizedasatypicalfilamentarydischargewithamicrodis-chargezoneineachhalf-cycleoftheappliedvoltage.TheconversionofCH4reachesamaximumof25.2%atafeedflowrateof50mL·min-1,adischargepowerof45Wandanexcitationfrequencyof20kHz.Itisfoundthattheresidencetimeofmethaneinthedischargezonehasthemostsignificanteffectonbothmethaneconversionandhydrogenyield,whicharesignificantlyhigherathigherresidencetime.

简介：Wereportedacoaxial,micro-dielectricbarrierdischarge(micro-DBD)reactorandaconventionalDBDreactorforthedirectconversionofmethaneintohigherhydrocarbonsatatmosphericpressure.Theeffectsofinputpower,residencetime,dischargegapandexternalelectrodelengthwereinvestigatedformethaneconversionandproductselectivity.Wefoundtheconversionofmethaneinamicro-DBDreactorwashigherthanthatinaconventionalDBDreactor.Andataninputpowerof25.0W,theconversionofmethaneandthetotalC2+C3selectivityreached25.10%and80.27%,respectively,withamicro-DBDreactorof0.4mmdischargegap.Finally,anonlinearmultipleregressionmodelwasusedtostudythecorrelationsbetweenbothmethaneconversionandproductselectivityandvarioussystemvariables.ThecalculateddatawereobtainedusingSPSS12.0software.Theregressionanalysisillustratedthecorrelationsbetweensystemvariablesandbothmethaneconversionandproductselectivity.

简介：Wedemonstratehowametalwiregratingcanworkasa45°polarizationconverter,aquarter-waveretarder,andahalf-waveretarderoverabroadbandterahertzrangewhensetupintotalinternalreflectiongeometry.Classicalelectromagnetictheoryisappliedtounderstandthemechanism,andequationstocalculatethepolarizationstateofreflectedlightarederived.Weuseametalgratingwithaperiodof20μmandwidthof10μmonafusedsilicasurface:linearlypolarizedterahertzlightincidentfromfusedsilicawithasupercriticalincidentangleof52°istotallyreflectedbythemetalgratingandair.Thepolarizationoftheterahertzlightisrotatedby45°,90°,andcircularlypolarizedbysimplyrotatingthewiregrating.Theperformanceisachromaticoverthemeasuredrangeof0.1–0.7THzandcomparabletocommercialvisiblelightwaveretarders.

简介：Anovelmethodforconvertinganarrayofout-of-phaselasersintooneofin-phaselasersthatcanbetightlyfocusedispresented.Themethodexploitssecond-harmonicgenerationandcanbeadaptedfordifferentlaserarraysgeometries.Experimentalandcalculatedresults,presentedfornegativelycoupledlasersformedinasquare,honeycomb,andtriangulargeometriesareingoodagreement.