简介：Theeffectofnitrate(NO3-)onrice(OryzasativaL.)growthaswellasNabsorptionandassimilationduringdifferentgrowthstageswasexaminedusingthreetypicalricecultivars.Dryweight,yield,Nuptake,nitratereductaseactivity(NRA)inleaves,andglutaminesynthetaseactivity(GSA)inrootsandleavesduringtheirentiregrowthperiods,aswellasthekineticparametersofammonium(NH4+)uptakeattheseedlingstage,weremeasuredwithsolutioncultureexperiments.ResultsindicatedthatadditionofNH4+-NandNO3--Nataratioof75:25(NH4++NO3-treatment)whencomparedwiththatofNH4+-Nalone(NH4+treatment)increasedthedryweightof'Nanguang'cultivarby30%and'Yunjing38'cultivarby31%,andalsoincreasedtheirgrainyieldby21%and17%,respectively.Forthefourgrowthstages,thetotalNaccumulationinplantsincreasedbyanaverageof36%for'Nanguang'and31%for'Yunjing38',whereastheincreasingeffectofNO3-inthe'4007'cultivarwasonlyfoundattheseedlingstage.IntheNH4++NO3-treatmentcomparedtotheNH4+treatment,NRAintheleavesincreasedby2.09folds,andGSAincreasedby92%intherootsand52%intheleavesofthethreecultivars.NO3-supplyincreasedthemaximumuptakerate(Vmax)inthe'Nanguang'and'Yunjing38'cultivars,reflectingthattheNO3-itself,nottheincreasingNconcentration,increasedtheuptakerateofNH4+byrice.TherewasnoeffectontheapparentMichaelis-Mentenconstant(Km)ofthethreecultivars.Thus,somereplacementofNH4+withNO3-couldgreatlyimprovethegrowthofriceplants,mainlyonaccountoftheincreaseduptakeofNH4+promotedbyNO3-,andfuturestudiesshouldfocusonthemolecularmechanismoftheincreaseduptakeofNH4+byNO3-.

简介：Byusingnutritionaldiagnosisofcitrusleavesanddeterminingsoilmicronutrients,therelationshipbetweensoilmicronutrientsandcitrusgrowthinsouthernChinahasbeenstudied.Studiesshowedthattherewasasignificantpositivecorrelationbetweenavailablemicronutrients(suchasZn,Mo,Cu)inthesoilandthecorrespondingnutrientsincitrusleaves.Thus,onecanroughlylearnofthesufficiencyordeficiencyofcertainnutrientsinsoilsbyanalyzingcitrusleaves.RationalsprayofZnBorMofertilizernotonlyimprovedcitrusyieldsbutalsoincreasedthetotalsugarofSatsumamandarinandofXinhuiorangeby2.9and17.2%respectivelycomparedwiththecontrol.SprayingMofertilizerincreasedthevitaminCcontentofSatsumamandarinjuiceby4.7%-8.4%,maturatedfruits7-10daysearlierandgavethepeelabrightercolor.TheultramicroscopiccharacteristicsofZn-deficientcitrusleaveswereinvestigatedunderanelectronmicroscope.ResultsshowedthattheZn-deficientleafcellwascharacterizedmainlybypoorcytoplasm,endoplasmicreticulaandribosomesandbybigstarchgrainsinthechloroplast.AsaresultofsprayingZnfertilizerthestructureofthecellreturnedtonormal,thecytoplasmbecamerichandtheamountofchloroplastincreased.Therealsoappearedagreatdealofmultiformendoplasmicreticula,thuspromotingthephotosynthesisofZn-deficientplants.Thisprovidesacytologico-theoreticalbasisforfertilizationofhigh-yieldingcitrustrees.

简介：支持生长的rhizobacteria(PGPR)被显示出在地下面增加荚生长和开发并且控制的植物的申请环境条件。现在的学习被进行孤立植物从在旁遮普的arid/semi-arid区域种的小扁豆(透镜culinarisMedik)的根小瘤的支持生长的rhizobacteria(PGPR)，巴基斯坦并且检验了他们的植物支持生长的能力。五细菌孤立被孤立，为植物在vitro屏蔽了支持生长(PGP)小扁豆的生长上的特征和他们的效果被估计在下面在vitro，水耕法并且温室(壶实验)条件。所有isolates是克处于良好的竟技状态否定、条形、圆形并且展出了植物磷酸盐增溶和植物生长素的支持生长的属性(吲哚醋酸，IAA)生产。IAA生产能力在0.511.0gmL1变化了，P增溶在316mgL1变化了。当在植物生长上为他们的效果测试了时，孤立的紧张在营养素缺乏的土壤上在植物在生长，生节和氮(N)和磷(P)举起上有stimulatory效果。在温室壶实验，PGPR的申请显著地增加了射击长度，新鲜重量和干燥重量65%，43%和63%，分别地，根长度，新鲜重量和干燥重量的增加作为与uninoculated控制相比是74%，54%和92%。生长特征在下面的相对增加在vitro和水耕法的条件更高是平的。分别地，PGPR也在控制上每植物，1000谷物重量，干燥的事收益和谷物产量增加了豆荚的数字50%，13%，28%和29%。干燥质量分别地增加了170%和136%的小瘤和小瘤的数字。在有N和P内容增加了的有效细菌的紧张，射击，根和种子的接种以后，从而在植物增加N和P举起。根延伸显示出积极关联(R2=0.67)与IAA，生产和种子产量展出了积极关联(R2=0.82)与根生节。这些显示孤立的PGPRrhizobial紧张能是最好的为刺激生长和小扁豆的滋养的累积作为潜在的代理人或biofertilizers利用了。

简介：

简介：Hydrolyzedleather,obtainedfromindustrialleatherwaste,isanorganicnitrogenousfertilizerwithahighchromium(Cr)content.SoybeancropscanbeadverselyaffectedbythepresenceofresidualCrinsoilafterapplicationofhydrolyzedleatherfertilizer.TheaimofthisworkwastoassesstheeffectofhydrolyzedleatheronCrabsorption,rootdevelopment,andsymbioticnodulationofsoybeanplantsgrownonthreedifferentsoilsincludingtwoLixisolsandaGleysol.Thesesoilswerepreviouslyfertilizedwithhydrolyzedleatheratthreedifferentrates(0.0,0.1,and0.8kgm-2).Soybeanshootheight,rootdevelopment,nodulation,andmineralnutrientconcentrationsinplanttissuesweredeterminedafter45dofcropgrowth.TheapplicationofhydrolyzedleathersignificantlyincreasedCrcontentinsoilandCruptakebyplants.Surprisingly,Crwasstoredmainlyintheaerialpartoftheplants.ThepresenceofCrhadanadverseimpactonshootdrymatter(41%reduction)andnumberofnodules(49%reduction)perplantgrownonthesoilwiththelowestcationexchangecapacity.However,noothersignificanteffectwasobservedinnoduleweight,diameter,oranyothermeasuredparameters.

简介：ExperimentswerecarriedoutonavegetablefieldwithPekingcabbage(Brassicapekinensis(Lour.)Rupr.),cabbage(Brassicachinensisvar.OleiferaMakinoandnemoto),greencabbage(BrassicachinensisL.),spinach(SpinaciaoleraceaL.)andrape(BrassicacampestrisL.)tostudytheeffectsofNformsandNratesontheirgrowthandnitrateaccumulation.Theresultsindicatedthatapplicationofammoniumchloride,ammoniumnitrate,sodiumnitrateandureasignificantlyincreasedtheyieldsandnitrateconcentrationsofPekingcabbageandspinach.Althoughnosignificantdifferencewasfoundintheyieldsafterapplicationofthe4Nforms,nitrateNincreasednitrateaccumulationinvegetablesmuchmorethanammoniumN.ThevegetableyieldswerenotincreasedcontinuouslywithNrateincrease,andoversupplyofNreducedtheplantgrowth,leadingtoayielddecline.Thistrendwasalsotruefornitrateconcentrationsinsomevegetablesandatsomesamplingtimes.However,asawhole,thenitrateconcentrationsinvegetableswerepositivelycorrelatedwithNrates.Thus,additionofNfertilizertosoilwasthemajorcauseforincreasesinnitrateconcentrationsinvegetables.Nitrateconcentrationsweremuchhigherinroots,stemsandpetiolesthaninbladesatanyNrate.

简介：Theculturablebacterialpopulationandphospholipidfattyacid(PLFA)profileofcasingsoilwereinvestigatedatdifferentmushroom(Agaricusbisporus)croppingstages.ThechangeinsoilbacterialPLFAswasalwaysaccompaniedbyachangeinthesoilculturablebacterialpopulationinthefirstflush.ComparativelyhigherculturablebacterialpopulationandbacterialPLFAswerefoundinthecasingsoilattheprimordiaformationstageofthefirstflush.TherewasasignificantincreaseintheratiooffungaltobacterialPLFAsduringmushroomgrowth.MultivariateanalysisofPLFAdatademonstratedthatthemushroomcroppingstagecouldconsiderablyaffectthemicrobialcommunitystructureofthecasingsoil.Thebacterialpopulationincreasedsignificantlyfromcasingsoilapplicationtotheprimordiaformationstageofthefirstflush.Casingsoilapplicationresultedinanincreaseintheratioofgram-negativebacterialPLFAstogram-positivebacterialPLFAs,suggestingthatsomegram-negativebacteriamightplayanimportantroleinmushroomsporophoreinitiation.

简介：Phosphorus(P)isalimitedresourcethatcouldbedepleted.Consequently,recyclingthePcontainedinsewagesludge,includingsewagesludgeincinerationash(SIA),fromwastewatertreatmentplantsisapossibilitytobeexplored.Agreenhouseexperimentusingannualryegrass(LoliummultiflorumL.)wasperformedwithanexperimentaldesignofthreecompletelyrandomizedblocksoftwosoilsand29treatments:onecontrolwithoutPandtwolevelsof9and26kgtotalPha-1from14differentsources:twelveSIAs(notcontaminatedbytracemetals)fromtheUSandCanada,onecommercialsyntheticfertilizer(triplesuperphosphate(TSP)),andonecommercialrockphosphate(RP).Higherryegrassbiomasslevelswereachievedatthehigherfertilizationrate(26kgtotalPha-1)andwhenusingtheSIAswiththehighestPsolubilitypercentage(PSP)(≥54%oftotalP).ThebiomassincreasesfollowingSIAapplicationwereashighas29%and59%morethanthecontrolforthesandyloamandclayeysoil,respectively,but40%lessthaninTSPforbothsoils.AsimilarbehaviorwasobservedforPuptake,withamaximumincreaseof26%fortheclayeysoil,and165%forthesandyloamsoil.TheryegrassbiomassandPuptakeincreasesduetoSIAapplicationwerelargerthanthoseduetoRPapplicationintheclayeysoil,butsimilartothoseinthesandyloamsoil.TheSIAswithaPSPof≥54%significantlyincreasedsoilavailablePstocksandsaturation.Accordingtoourfindings,weconcludethattheSIAsfrommunicipalandagrifoodindustrieshaveapotentialforPagriculturalrecycling,buttheirefficienciesvary.

简介：ThroughapotculturelanthanumnitratewasappliedtomaizeseedlingsgrowninaredloamysoiltoinvestigatethephysiologicalandtoxiceffectsofaddedLaonthegrowthofcropseedlingsandLabioaccumulationtohelpunderstandtheenvironmentalchemistrybehaviorsofrareearthelementasfertilizersinsoils.Comparedtothecontrol,LaconcentrationsinshootsandespeciallyinrootsofmaizeseedlingsincreasedwithanincreaseofLainthesoil.Also,withaddedconcentrationsofLa≥0.75gLakg-1soiland≥0.05gLakg-1soil,thedryweightofshootsandrootsofmaizeseedlingswassignificantlyreduced(P≤0.05),respectively,comparedwiththecontrol.Additionally,La≥0.5gkg-1inthesoilsignificantlyinhibited(P≤0.05)primaryrootelongation.RootsweremoresensitivetoLastressthanshootsandthuscouldbeusedasabiomarkertoLastress.Overall,intheredloamysoilstudied,LahadnosignificantbeneficialeffectsonthegrowthofmaizeattheaddedLalevelsabove0.1gkg-1soil.

简介：Availablewaterandfertilizerhavebeenthemainlimitingfactorsforyieldsofspringwheat,whichoccupiesalargeareaoftheblacksoilzoneinnortheastChina;thus,theneedtosetupappropriatemodelsforscenarioanalysisofcroppingsystemmodelshasbeenincreasing.ThecapabilityofCropSyst,acroppingsystemsimulationmodel,tosimulatespringwheatgrowthofawidelygrownspringcultivar,'Longmai19',intheblacksoilzoneinnortheastChinaunderdifferentwaterandnitrogenregimeswasevaluated.Fielddatacollectedfromarotationexperimentofthreegrowingseasons(1992-1994)wereusedtocalibrateandvalidatethemodel.Themodelwasrunfor3yearsbyprovidinginitialconditionsatthebeginningoftherotationwithoutreinitializingthemodelinlateryearsintherotationsequence.CropinputparametersweresetbasedonmeasureddataortakenfromCropSystmanual.Afewcultivar-specificparameterswereadjustedwithinareasonablerangeoffluctuation.TheresultsdemonstratedtherobustnessofCropSystforsimulatingevapotranspiration,abovegroundbiomass,andgrainyieldof'Longmai19'springwheatwiththerootmeansquareerrorsbeing7%,13%and13%oftheobservedmeansforevapotranspiration(ET),grainyieldandabovegroundbiomass,respectively.AlthoughCropSystwasabletosimulatespringproductionreasonablywell,furtherevaluationandimprovementofthemodelwithamoredetailedfielddatabasewasdesirableforagriculturalsystemsinnortheastChina.

简介：Apotexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofvarioussoiltreatmentsonthegrowthofvetivergrass(Vetiveriazizanioides(L.)Nash)withtheobjectiveofformulatingappropriatesoilmediaforuseinsulfide-bearingminedareas.Anacidicminesiteacidsulfatesoil(pH2.8)wastreatedwithdifferentsoilconditionerformulaincludinghydratedlime,redmud(bauxiteresidues),zeoliticrockpowder,biosolidsandacompoundfertilizer.Soilstreatedwithredmudandhydratedlimecorrectedsoilacidityandreducedoreliminatedmetaltoxicityenablingtheestablishmentofvetivergrass.Althoughover-limingaffectedgrowth,someseedlingsofvetiversurvivedtheinitialstrongalkalineconditions.Additionofappropriateamountsofzeoliticrockpowderalsoenhancedgrowth,butover-applicationcauseddetrimentaleffects.Inthisexperiment,soilmediumwiththebestgrowthperformanceofvetiverwas50gofredmud,10goflime,30gofzeoliticrockpowderand30gofbiosolidswith2000gofminesoils(100%survivalratewiththegreatestbiomassandnumberofnewshoots),butaddingachemicalfertilizertothismediaadverselyimpactedplantgrowth.Inaddition,ahighapplicationrateofbiosolidsresultedinpoorergrowthofvetiver,comparedtoamoderateapplicationrate.

简介：一个温室实验被进行为稍微高效的沙的泥土沃土土壤的滋养的地位改正测试并且比较盐的堆肥和盐的灌溉水的适用性，为了学习macronutrient利用和小麦(Triticumaestivumc.vGemmiza7)的干燥的事生产，在修改土壤环境并且到成长在土壤生产率上决定堆肥和盐的灌溉水的效果。沙的泥土沃土土壤与五率的堆肥被对待(0，24，36，48，和60m3ha−1，等价于0，3，4.5，和6gkg−1土壤，分别地)并且四咸度的灌溉水铺平(0.50(自来水)，4.9，6.3，和8.7dSm−1)。结果显示在收获，土壤的电的传导性(EC)是显著地(P<0.05)作为与控制相比由堆肥应用程序变化了。一般来说，土壤咸度显著地与增加堆肥的申请率增加了。可溶的盐，K，Cl，HCO3，Na，Ca，和Mg，被堆肥处理显著地增加。土壤钠吸附比率(SAR)被灌溉水的咸度层次显著地影响，并且显示出细微回答到堆肥申请。器官的碳内容也是的土壤显著地(P<0.05)由堆肥的申请影响了，与31.03g的最大的价值，kg−1以60m3ha−1的堆肥率和8.7dSm−1的灌溉水咸度水平和在控制观察的12.05gkg−1的最小的价值记录了。堆肥申请在小麦射击产生了显著增加干燥的事生产。最大的干燥的事生产(75.11gpot−1)与60m3ha−1堆肥和正常灌溉水发生了，与没有在8.70dSm−1的咸度水平的堆肥和灌溉水的增加的最少19.83gpot−1。K，N，P，Na，和Cl的小麦射击内容的重要增加与堆肥的增加被观察。相对高的射击N值可以被归因于堆肥应用程序引起的测试土壤的N可获得性的增加。同样，Na和Cl的射击内容的重要增加可以被归功于到土壤的增加可溶的K和Cl。自从堆肥供应的P在P溶解度是很低的盐、碱的土壤可能是负责的，射击P，N，和K的�

简介：Anaerobicdigestionisaprocessthatiswidelyusedforthetreatmentoforganicwastes.Thedigestatecanbeusedasasoilamendmentorcropfertiliser.Theaimsofourworkweretoevaluate1)thephysicochemicalcompositionandpathogencontentinadigestatefrompoultrymanure,accordingtointernationalregulations,and2)theeffectofitssoilapplicationonthemajorchemicalandbiologicalsoilpropertiesandonthegrowthofLactucasativa.Theexperimentconsistedoftwogroupsofpots(withandwithoutcrop).Treatmentsappliedtoeachgroupwereasfollows:lowandhighdosesofdigestateandinorganicfertiliser,andnoapplication(control)(lowdose:70kgnitrogen(N)ha-1and21kgphosphorus(P)ha-1;highdose:210kgNha-1and63kgPha-1).Soilsamplesweretaken7and34d(harvest)aftertreatmentapplications.Heavymetalandpathogencontentsinthedigestatewerebelowtheupperlimitvalues.DespitethehighpHandelectricalconductivityvaluesofthedigestate,bothsoilparameterspresentedacceptablevaluesforcropgrowth.AlthoughtherewerenoinitialincreasesintotalinorganicNandavailablePinsoilwithdigestateapplication,anincreaseinthefreshweightofcropwasobservedwiththehighdoseapplication.Thisisprobablyassociatedwiththeslownutrientreleasefromthedigestateduringthedevelopmentofthecrop.Changesinthemicrobialcommunityweretemporaryandoccurredattheinitialsamplingstageoftheexperiment.

简介：Apotexperimentwascarriedouttostudytheeffectsofthreearbuscularmycorrhizalfungi(AMF),includingGlomusintraradices,GlomusconstrictumandGlomusmosseae,onthegrowth,rootcolonizationandCdaccumulationofmarigold(TageteserectaL.)atCdadditionlevelsof0,5and50mgkg-1insoil.Thephysiologicalcharacteristics,suchaschlorophyllcontent,solublesugarcontent,solubleproteincontentandantioxidantenzymeactivity,ofTageteserectaL.werealsoinvestigated.ThesymbioticrelationshipbetweenthemarigoldplantandarbuscularmycorrhizalfungiwaswellestablishedunderCdstress.ThesymbioticrelationshipwasreffectedbythebetterphysiobiochemicalparametersofthemarigoldplantsinoculatedwiththethreeAMFisolateswherethecolonizationratesintherootswerebetween34.3%and88.8%.Comparedwiththenon-inoculatedmarigoldplants,theshootandrootbiomassoftheinoculatedmarigoldplantsincreasedby15.2%-47.5%and47.8%-130.1%,respectively,andtheCdconcentrationandaccumulationdecreased.ThechlorophyllandsolublesugarcontentsinthemycorrhizalmarigoldplantsincreasedwithCdaddition,indicatingthatAMFinoculationhelpedthemarigoldplantstogrowbyresistingCdstress.TheantioxidantenzymesreacteddifferentlywiththethreeAMFunderCdstress.ForplantsinoculatedwithG.constrictumandG.mosseae,theactivitiesofsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)andcatalase(CAT)increasedwithincreasingCdaddition,butperoxidase(POD)activitydecreasedwithincreasingCdaddition.ForplantsinoculatedwithG.intraradices,threeoftheantioxidantenzymeactivitiesweresignificantlydecreasedathighlevelsofCdaddition.Overall,theactivitiesofthethreeantioxidantenzymesintheplantsinoculatedwithAMFwerehigherthanthoseoftheplantswithoutAMFinoculationunderCdstress.Ourresultssupporttheviewthatantioxidantenzymeshaveagreatinfluenceonthebiomassofplants,andAMFcanimprovethecapabilityofreactiveoxygenspecie

简介：Apotexperimentwithtworice(OrizasativaL.)genotypesdifferingininternalpotassiumuseefficiency(IKUE)wasconductedunderdifferentsodium(Na)andpotassium(K)levels.AddingNaC1ataproperlevelenhancedricevegetativegrowthandincreasedgrainyieldandIKUEunderlowpotassium.AdditionofhigherrateofNaC1hadanegativeeffectonthegrowthoftheK-efficientricegenotype,butdidnotfortheK-inefficientgenotype.Underlow-Kstress,higherNaC1decreasedIKUEoftheK-efficientricegenotypebutincreasedIKUEfortheK-inefficientgenotype.Attilleringstageandunderlow-Kstress,addingNaClincreasedKandNacontentsanddecreasedtheratioofK/Naforbothgenotypes.Atharvestingstageunderlow-Kstress,addingNaG1increasedKandNacontentsandK/NaratiofortheK-efficientgenotypebutdecreasedtheK/NaratiofortheK-inefficientgenotype.TheaccumulatedNawasmostlydepositedintherootsandsheaths.Attilleringstage,theKandNacontentsandtheK/Naratiosindifferentpartsforbothgenotypesdecreasedinthefollowingsequence:K+insheaths＞K+inblades＞K+inroots;Na+inroots＞Na+insheaths＞Na+inblades;andK/Nainsheaths》K/Nainroots.TheK-efficientgenotypehadalowerK/NaratioinrootsandsheathsthantheK-inefficientgenotypeunderlow-Kstress.Atharvestingstage,KandNacontentsingrainswerenotaffected,whereasK/NaratiointhericestrawswasincreasedfortheK-efficientgenotypebutdecreasedfortheK-inefficientgenotypebyNaaddition.However,thiswasnotthecaseunderKsufficientcondition.

简介：植物给供应任何一个NH+4或不的N消息提供者显示出不同生长回答?3。不同N来源的举起也影响根围pH并且因此土壤磷的简历可获得性，特别地在碱的土壤。在在水栽法并且在土壤文化种的燕麦(AvenanudaL.)的根围的植物生长，P举起，和P可获得性不与唯一的NH+4-N,脚底在供应下面被调查?3-N，或联合。脚底没有?3美联储燕麦植物比唯一的NH+4喂积累了更多的生物资源。当N与两NH+4-N被供应时，最高的生物资源累积被观察并且没有?3-N。植物根的生长与比例增加了没有?3in文化媒介。更好的根生长和更高的根/射击比率一致地被观察在没有?3美联储植物。然而，根活力是最高当N被供应没有时?3+NH+4。NH+4供应减少了根围pH但是没由在土壤种，CaHPO4作为P增加了的植物影响P举起来源。没有P缺乏被观察，并且植物P集中通常在2gkg上面?1。当N不部分或作为完全被供应时，P举起被增加?3-N，同样作为生物资源累积。结果建议那燕麦是一没有?3-preferring植物，并且没有?3-N为植物生长和根吸收能力的维护是必要的。有NH+4-N的N供应没改进P营养，它由于P缺乏的缺席是最可能的。

简介：心土酸味限制根生长并且在世界的许多部分减少庄稼收益。多于氮(N)在庄稼生产使用了的化肥的一半是当前输了到环境。这研究试图在到没有为止玉米(ZeamaysL.)在N化肥的效率上调查石膏申请的效果在南部的巴西的生产。一个地实验检验了适用表面的石膏的效果(0，5，10，和15Mg哈1)和穿衣顶的铵硝酸盐(NH4没有3)(60，120，和180kgN哈玉米根长度，N举起，和谷物产量上的1)。一个温室实验用从地实验地点收集不评估3-N与适用表面的石膏沥滤，N举起，和根长度的没受到干扰的土壤列被进行(0和10Mg哈1)和穿衣顶的NH4没有3(0和180kgN哈1)。心土酸味的改善由于石膏申请，增加的玉米根生长，N举起，谷物收益，和N使用效率。到土壤表面的适用的石膏由19%-38%和N的部分因素生产率增加了玉米谷物产量(PFP由27%-38%的N)，取决于N申请率。没受到干扰的土壤列温室实验的结果证明由石膏申请的N使用效率的那改进由于从在由于增加的玉米根长度的心土的没有3-N的更高的N举起。我们的结果建议有在一个到没有为止玉米系统的石膏的那改善心土酸味能增加N使用效率，改进谷物产量，并且减少由于沥滤的没有3-N的环境风险。

简介：忍冬confusa，为治疗感冒的繁体中文药植物，流感，等等，急性发烧经常在酸的土壤人工地被种并且受不了磷(P)缺乏。一个五年的地实验被执行学习殖民率，生长，营养，和与arbuscularmycorrhizal(AM)接种的忍冬confusa幼苗满意的chlorogenic酸真菌，血管球etunicatum和血管球intraradices。在移植进一个领域前，接种AM并且uninoculated控制植物在托儿所床上是有教养的。在与AM真菌接种的植物，殖民率与时间线性地减少了，更大的减少在与G接种的植物被观察。intraradices比与G。etunicatum，当AM殖民在uninoculated从0%～12.1%增加了时，控制在移植以后种5年。植物高度，王冠直径，新分支的数字，和花产量作为与uninoculated控制相比由AM接种显著地增加了。在增加的叶子和花的磷集中，和营养素的植物举起，例如，氮(N)，P，和钾(K)，被AM也显著地提高接种。忍冬confusa幼苗有更好的回答到G的接种。intraradices比G。在生长的etunicatum和在花的chlorogenic酸内容。相反，两个都在叶子和花种P举起和P集中在二真菌的接种之间是类似的。到在生长，滋养的举起，flowering，和在花的chlorogenic酸内容的AM接种的忍冬confusa的积极回答建议当在酸、P缺乏的土壤上成长时，在托儿所床上的那AM接种能在忍冬confusa的花支持植物生长和增加chlorogenic酸内容。

简介：EctomycorrhizalfungusLaccariabicolorS238N,isolatedfromaforestsoilincentralFrancein1990s,hasdemonstratedunequivocallyandabilitytopromotepinegrowth.Inthepresentnurserybedexperiment,theabilityofthisectomycorrhizalfungustoincreasegrowthandPandKuptakeofDouglasFirseedlings(Zone22)wasexamined.Growthofinoculatedseedlingswasovertwice(plantheight)andthreetimes(biomass)thatofnon-inoculatedones.Similarly,boththeconcentrationsandtheamountsofPandKuptakebyseedlingsweresignificantlyincreasedbyfungalinoculation,indicatingtheimprovementofPandKnutritioninmycorrhizalseedlings.Incontrast,Al-Pinthesoilswasdecreasedobviouslybyplants,especiallybymycorrhizas,suggestingutilizationofthissoilPpoolbyplantsandmoreefficientAl-Pmobilizationbymycorrhizasthanbynomycorrhizas.Moreover,Kextractedby1mol/LHClfollowingconsecutiveextractionofH2OandCH3COONH4,whichmaynotbeplantavailable,couldbeutilizedbyfunguscoloniedroots.ThiscouldbeexplainedbythereleaseofprotonsandoxalatebyhypaewhichleadstoreplacementofinterlayerKinnonexpanded2:1claymineralsandbio-weatheringofphyllosilicates.

简介：酸硫酸盐土壤是通常对庄稼生产不合适除非他们适当地被改善。一个实验在一个温室被进行提高大米的生长，变化MR219，用各种各样的土壤修正案在酸硫酸盐土壤上种了。土壤从Semerak被收集，Kelantan，马来西亚。地面镁石灰石(GML)，简历化肥，和暗岩(每4t哈−1)在壶独自或在联合被增加进土壤在移植前的15d。氮，P和钾碱在150，30，和60kg被使用哈−1,分别地。三棵seven-day-old米饭幼苗被移植进每个壶。土壤有3.8的pH并且包含了可得到的1.2gkg−1,的21gkg−1,N的器官的C192mg的Pkg−1,0.05的可交换的Kcmolckg−1,和4.30的可交换的艾尔cmol有低数量的ckg−1,可交换的Ca和Mg(0.60和0.70cmolckg−1)。在有GML的联合的简历化肥处理导致了5.4的最高的pH。在没有改正的控制土壤的高级艾尔或Fe集中的存在严重地影响了米饭的生长。当简历化肥与控制相比与GML个别地或在联合被使用时，在生长，更高的植物高度，tiller数字和叶的60d，叶绿素内容被获得。在简历化肥的有益的细菌的存在可能生产能提高植物生长并且随后由米饭增加滋养的举起的植物激素和器官的酸。因此，简历化肥和GML的增加由增加因而消除了在酸硫酸盐土壤流行的艾尔或Fe毒性的土壤pH改进了米饭生长，这能被结束。