简介：为了推进，改进高地大米变化Huhan3和Huhan7，种子样品为约1和5d与二艘可重获的飞船被送到外层空间并且分别地为7和5代被宣传。Phenotypic分析表明词法特点和蛋白质和谷物的直链淀粉内容变化了。由联系基因的简单顺序重复(SSR)和插入删除(InDel)的genomic变化的描述标记显示变化模式是很复杂的。大多数变化在简单顺序重复碎片发生在碎片的3结束或5结束。反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)试金证明在SSR的那些部分的变化影响了他们的基因表示，显示那基因联系了标记将有用孤立功能的基因。为繁殖的地调查也表明有高产量，高质量和干旱忍耐的更多的线能通过太空繁殖被选择。结果显示太空mutagenesis为米饭繁殖导致了分子的变化，以及生理、词法的变化。

简介：Themajorstoragesubstanceinriceendospermisstarch,whichaccountsfor80%ofdrymatterweight.Inthisstudy,ricemutantflo7,selectedfromtheprogenyofNipponbare’stissueculture,displayedflouryandopaqueendosperm.Comparedwithitscorrespondingwildtype(WT)Nipponbare,themutantflo7producedlonger,narrower,thinnerandlightergrains.Thelevelsofglucose,fructoseandsucroseinthemutantflo7endospermwerehigherthanthoseintheWTendosperm,whereastheproteincontentwasnotaffected.Withrespecttobothamylosecontentandgelconsistency,themutantflo7waslowerthanWT,butitsalkalivaluewashigher.Scanningelectronmicroscopicexaminationsshowedthattheendospermofthemutantflo7containedirregular,looselypackedandcompoundstarchgranules.Geneticanalysisindicatedthatthemutantphenotypewasdeterminedbyasinglerecessivenucleargene.Theflo7locuswasmappedtoaregiononthelongarmofchromosome12,withina95.1kbintervaldefinedbythemarkersC2-11andC5-15.Thereare13openreadingframesinthemappinginterval.Transcriptionprofilingofthedevelopinggrainsshowedthatanumberofgenesinvolvedinstarchsynthesiswereaffecteddifferentlyinthemutantflo7.

简介：ThepreferenceofpaddyriceforNH4+ratherthanNO3ˉisassociatedwithitstolerancetolowpHsincearhizosphereacidificationoccursduringNH4+absorption.However,theadaptationofriceroottolowpHhasnotbeenfullyelucidated.TheplasmamembraneH+-ATPaseisauniversalelectronicH+pump,whichusesATPasenergysourcetopumpH+acrosstheplasmamembranesintotheapoplast.ThekeyfunctionofthisenzymeistokeeppHhomeostasisofplantcellsandgenerateaH+electrochemicalgradient,there...

简介：Cd忍耐和米饭幼苗的translocation上的H2O2预告的处理的效果用在Cd忍耐不同的二米饭栽培变种(N07-6和N07-63)被学习。malondialdehyde(MDA)的内容，减少的谷胱甘肽(GSH)，非蛋白质thiols(NPT)，phytochelatins(PC)和谷胱甘肽S-transferase(GST)的活动在暴露于各种各样的处理的二栽培变种之间被比较。结果证明50mol/LCd暴露显著地禁止了米饭生长，提高了GSH，NPT，PC和MDA的生产，并且增加了GST的活动，并且二栽培变种之间有重要差别。更多的Cd被搬运进N07-6的射击。H2O2预告的处理由进一步在根增加GSH，NPT和PC内容，以及GST活动减轻了Cd毒性。在N07-63的这些参数的增加度比在N07-6的那些高，建议N07-63的忍耐比N07-6更显著地被提高。氢过氧化物把Cdtranslocation归结为米饭射击，但是不同地在根影响了Cd内容。从上述结果，在到在二栽培变种之间的H2O2预告的处理的Cddetoxification和反应有显著差别，这可以被推测。

简介：阳离子exchangers(CAX)属于广泛地在最后十年在植物tonoplasts被调查了的cation/Ca2+exchanger总科。最近，在植物涉及重金属累积和忍耐的CAX的角色为植物救治和食物安全被学习了。在这微型评论，我们在Ca2+信号transduction总结Ca2+/H+antiporter的角色，维持离子动态平衡并且扣押重金属进液泡。而且，我们在场在重金属detoxification的血浆膜Ca2+/H+antiporter的一个可能的角色。

简介：Nitrogen(N)useefficiencyisusuallylessthan50%,anditremainsamajorprobleminricecultivation.Controlledreleasefertilizer(CRF)technologyisoneofthewell-knowneffortstoovercomethisproblem.TheefficiencyofCRF,however,isverymuchdependentonthetimingofnutrientrelease.ThisstudywasconductedtodeterminetheprecisetimeofNuptakebyriceasaguidelinetodevelopefficientCRF.FertilizerNuptakebyriceatdifferentgrowthstageswasinvestigatedbyusing15Nisotopictechnique.Ricewasplantedinpots,with15NureaasNsourceattherateof120kg/hm2.Potassiumandphosphoruswereappliedatthesamerateof50kg/hm2.Standardagronomicpracticeswereemployedthroughoutthegrowingperiods.Riceplantswereharvestedeverytwoweeksuntilmaturationatthe14thweekandanalyzedfortotalNand15Ncontent.Nitrogenderivedfromfertilizerwascalculated.TotalNuptakeinplantsconsistentlyincreaseduntilthe11thweek.Afterthat,itstartedtoplateauandfinallydeclined.Moreover,Nutilizationbyriceplantspeakedat50%,whichoccurredduringthe11thweekaftertransplanting.Nderivedfromfertilizerinriceplantswereintherangeof18.7%to40.0%inallplanttissues.TheremainingNwasderivedfromsoil.Basedonthisstudy,NreleasefromCRFshouldcompletebythe11thweekafterplantingtoensurethemaximumfertilizerNuptakebyriceplants.EfficientCRFshouldcontributetohigherNderivedfromfertilizerwhichalsoresultedinahighertotalNuptakebyriceplants,increasingthepotentialofricetoproducehigheryieldwhileatthesametimeofreducingloss.