简介：景深是计算机视觉的重要研究方向,在图像真实感绘制及增强深度感知方面具有重要作用。为改进景深渲染质量,加快渲染速度以用于实时应用,本文提出了一种基于快速引导滤波的景深实时渲染方法,对渲染场景进行快速引导滤波处理,同时采用图像修复和α通道混合的方式来实现部分遮挡效果。在几组复杂场景下的不同算法对比实验表明,本方法能够快速地渲染出高质量的景深图片,同时还能有效地避免强度泄露和模糊不连续问题。

简介：心理学家非常强调沟通的重要性。有效的沟通需要先弄清楚自己真正的感受和想法如何，并坦诚的将自己的感受和想法让对方知道。沟通绝不是指责和斥责，而是静下来好好讨论，表达出你的意思、你的目的，而且力求对方明确你的意思和目的。

简介：通过编制高中生家庭气氛问卷,为测评高中生的家庭气氛提供工具。在310名学生中施测初步编制的26项家庭气氛项目,通过探索性因素分析进行项目筛选和因素提取;在375名学生中进行验证性因素分析。探索性因素分析提取出2个高中生家庭气氛因素,即追求功能健全和避免功能缺失,2个因素共解释了69.7%的总方差。2个因素构成该量表的模型拟合良好。总量表的内部一致性α系数为0.92,追求功能健全为0.881,避免功能缺失为0.896。各分量表与总量表的相关系数均达到了较好的水平：追求功能健全0.889,避免功能缺失-0.905（P值均〈0.01）。自编的高中生家庭气氛问卷具有较好的信、效度。

简介：摘要目的整合相关研究内容，系统评价影响护士感知医院伦理气氛的相关因素。方法计算机检索英文数据库PubMed、Web of Science 、Embase、The Cochrane Library及中文数据库中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、CNKI、维普中文期刊（VIP）、万方数据库从建库起至2019年8月31日的所有相关研究，采用澳大利亚JBI循证保健中心（2016年）横断面现况调查类研究质量评价标准对纳入文献进行质量评价，采用定性方法整合文献结果。结果共纳入17篇文献，15篇为横断面研究，2篇为质性研究。共提取出15个影响因素，总结为3大类，分别为个人因素、职业因素和组织因素，主要包括护士的年龄、教育水平、工龄、职位、工作场所、组织合作和支持等。结论护士对医院伦理气氛的感知受到各种因素影响，观点比较一致的主要包括人事关系、职位、工作场所类型和性质、组织合作与支持，而其他因素如年龄、工龄、教育水平、月收入、工作负担等因结论存在分歧或文献数量不足，影响尚不能明确。未来需要更多的相关研究对护士伦理气氛感知的影响因素进行探索，挖掘潜在的影响因素，探索可能的影响机制，为制订正确有效的干预措施奠定理论基础。

简介：为探讨高中生知觉的家庭心理气氛与学习投入之间的关系,采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取安徽省芜湖市及滁州市2所中学400名学生,回收375名学生的有效问卷,用学习投入量表、家庭心理气氛问卷进行调查。结果提示：高中生有中等程度的学习投入水平（x/Item=4.13）;高中生知觉的家庭心理气氛呈中等偏上水平（x/Item=0.99）。高中生对家庭心理气氛的知觉与其学习投入总体上呈正相关（r=0.335）,追求功能健全的家庭氛围是预测他们学习投入程度的重要变量。高中生知觉的家庭心理气氛是影响其学习投入的重要情境因素之一。

简介：目的探讨小学管理气氛对其教师心理健康的影响。方法采用随机取样方法，抽取郴州市18所小学教师516人，用SCL-90量表和小学管理气氛量表进行调查。结果①教师心理疾病各因子与小学管理气氛中的领导威信和人际领导因子具有正相关．并且领导威信与故意、强迫因子．人际领导与故意因子具有显著的正相关。②教师心理疾病各因子与小学管理气氛中的民主作风、制度健全、关心体贴和管理系统性具有显著负相关。③不同管理的气氛的小学，其教师心理健康水平差异显著。

简介：目的：了解护士伦理气氛认知和职业价值观的现状，探讨伦理气氛认知对职业价值观的影响。方法：采用护士伦理气氛认知量表与职业价值观量表对衡阳市2所综合性医院的598名注册护士进行问卷调查。结果：护士伦理气氛认知总均分为（3.34±0.24）分，护士职业价值观总均分为（3.36±0.45）分。护士伦理气氛认知各个维度对其职业价值观各个维度有预测作用，结果具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：营造良好的医院伦理氛围，有助于提高护士对医院伦理气氛的认知水平，从而促使其树立正确的职业价值观。

简介：中等职业学校的学生来源广泛，多为没有考上普通高中的落榜生，学生知识水平、文化素质、社会经历等都比普通中学的学生复杂得多。部分学生学习目的不明确，学习能力差，是非观念淡薄，思想不成熟，没有明确的奋斗目标，认为上中职前途渺茫而不思进取。

简介：摘要对目前医院组织创新气氛和所开展的优质护理的相关性进行研究，以便可以更好的提升医院护理的质量。方法本组对300名护士开展了问卷调查，重点应用优质护理观点测评表和创新气氛评估表进行测评。结果依据得分情况可以看出，医院的创新气氛和护士所提供的优质护理有着正相关的关系（P<0.01）。结论本组的调查发现医院护士对于医院自身组织创新气氛的评价较为乐观，多数护士认为所提供的护理服务处在相当比较高的水平。由此可见，医院和谐的组织创新气氛能够很好的激发护士自身的工作积极性，为患者提供更加优质的护理服务。

简介：摘要目的了解急诊科护士工作投入的现状，分析急诊科护士组织气氛感知、工作相关接纳行动与工作投入之间的关系。方法于2021年5月，采用方便抽样法，选取天津市6所三级甲等综合医院的273名急诊科护士作为研究对象，采用《一般资料调查表》、《工作投入量表》、《护士组织气氛感知量表》和《工作相关接纳行动问卷》进行问卷调查。工作投入与护士组织气氛感知、工作相关接纳行动的相关性用Pearson相关性分析，工作投入影响因素用多元线性回归分析。结果工作投入均分为（3.57±0.45）分，护士组织气氛感知均分为（3.29±0.69）分，工作相关接纳行动得分为35.00（29.00，47.00）分。相关分析结果显示，急诊科护士组织气氛感知、工作接纳行动与工作投入均呈正相关（r=0.435、0.518，P<0.05）。多元逐步回归分析显示，工作接纳行动、护士组织气氛感知、健康状况、专科护士、学历及急诊工作年限是急诊科护士工作投入的影响因素（P<0.05），共解释总变异的41.9%。结论应创造良好的组织氛围，提高急诊科护士对护理工作的接纳程度，提升护士的工作投入水平。

简介：摘要目的分析护理管理中负性领导行为与护士组织气氛感知的相关性。方法现选取2017年1月—2017年12月在我院工作的护士共312名，以调查问卷等形式评价负性领导情况，并根据评分结果制定合理护理管理方案。结果负性领导行为和护士组织气氛感知存在一定的相关性，经对比统计学意义为P<0.05。结论在管理中常常出现负性领导行为现象，虽然负性领导行为的程度较低，但是对组织气氛方面均产生一定的影响。

简介：无

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatechangesintheanteriorchamberdepth(ACD),crystallinelensthickness(LT)anditsrefractivepowerafterlaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK).·METHODS:Inallcases,thepreoperativeandpostoperativecentralACDwhichweremeasuredwithPentacam,Orbscan,IOL-MasterandA-scanultrasonography,centralcornealtruenetpowerwhichwasmeasuredwiththePentacam,OrbscanandIOL-Master,axiallength(AL)whichwasmeasuredwithIOL-MasterandLTwhichwasmeasuredwiththeA-scanultrasonographywerecomparedusingthepairedsamplettest.OcularrefractiveerrorsandlensrefractivepoweratcornealplanewerecalculatedandtheircorrelationswerealsoevaluatedbeforeandafterLASIK.RESULTS:At1weekafterLASIK,LTandcrystallinelensrefractivepoweratcornealplane(Dlens)whichwereassociatedwiththeIOL-MasterandPentacamincreasedsignificantly(P≤0.005),ACDdecreasedsignificantly(P≤0.001),butnosignificantincreasewasobservedintheDlenswhichwasassociatedwiththeOrbscan(P=0.261).SignificantcorrelationsbetweenthechangesintheocularrefractiveerrorsandDlenswhichwereassociatedwiththePentacamwereobservedat1weekand6monthsafterLASIK(P=0.028;P=0.001).CONCLUSION:LTincreasedsignificantlyafterLASIK,andthismightpartiallyleadtoACDdecrease,Dlensincreaseandasmallquantityofmyopicregression.

简介：AIM:ToexploretheinhibitoryeffectofasustainedcyclosporinA(CsA)deliverymicrosphere(CsA-MS)onposteriorcapsularopacification(PCO)inrabbiteyesaftercataractextraction.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitsacceptedcataractextractionplusintraocularlensimplantationandtheirlefteyeswereintraoperativelyinjectedCsA-MSpreparedusingpolymerpolylactioglycolicacid(PLGA)asacarrierandtheirrighteyeswereinjectedwithemptyMS.Thechangesincornea,anteriorchamberreaction,intraocularpressure,PCOandCsAconcentrationinaqueoushumorwereexaminedpostoperativelyandalltheeyeswereenucleated3monthsaftersurgeryforhistopathologicalandmorphologicalexaminationwithlightmicroscopyandelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:Conjunctivalhyperemia,cornealedema,intraocularpressureandanteriorchamberresponseofexperimentalandcontroleyesweresimilar,whilePCOinCsAMSinjectedeyeswasgreatlyimprovedcomparedwiththatincontroleyes.PosteriorcapsulesinCsA-MSinjectedeyesweresmoothandlensepithelialcells(LEC)didnotproliferatesignificantly(P>0.05),whileLECinposteriorcapsuleofcontroleyeshaddifferentdegreesofproliferationandcorticalregeneration.LECinCsA-MSinjectedeyeswerenotfunctionallyactiveandunderwentapoptosis,whereasLECincontroleyeswerefunctionallyactive(F-test,P=0.025).Inaddition,thecornealultrastructureshowednodifferencesbetweenCsA-MSandMSinjectedeyes.CONCLUSION:CsA-MShashighbioavailabilityinrabbiteyesandcouldinhibitpostoperativePCOoccurrenceanddevelopmentduringthestudyperiod,suggestingthatCsA-MSmaybeapromising,effectiveandsafeadministrationroutetopreventPCOinclinic.