简介：Thispaperproposesamethodonanalyzingtheasynchronism-synchronismofprecipitationofdifferenthydrologicalregionsregardingtheS-to-NwatertransferareasofeasternChina.Thegeneralprocessoftheanalysisincludesthreesteps.Firstly,wecreatedtherainfallseriesoftheregionconcernedbycalculatingtheregionalaveragerainfallofthestationsintheareawiththehelpoftheclassicalThiessenPolygonmethod.Secondly,thestandardsofassessmentindicesforwetnessordrynessaresetaccordingtoGammadistributionfunctionwithacertainprobabilityP37.5%or62.5%givenrespectively.Finally,thefrequencyofninecombinationsarecountedasthequantitativefeatureofasynchronismandsynchronisminthreetimescales,thatistheyearly,seasonalandmonthlyscales.Theasynchronism-synchronismoftworegionpairshasbeenestimated.Theresultsshowthatthefrequencyofprecipitationasynchronismin1957-1998islargerthanthesynchronismfrequencyforboththeNorthChina-middleandlowerYangtzeRiverpairandfortheNorthChina-upperHanjiangRiverpair.Asforthesynchronismphenomena,thefrequencyofNd-Sdisratherlow.AsthecombinationsthataresuitableforwatertransfersareNd-Sw,Nn-Sw,Nd-SnandNn-Sn,thetotalfrequencyofthesecombinationsforNorthChina-middleandlowerYangtzeRiveris40%onanannualbasis,butonly28%inspringwhenwatershortagesaremostlikelytooccur.ThetotalfrequencyofthesecombinationsforNorthChina-upperHanjiangRiverisabout24%onanannualbasis,but35%inspringandwinter.Itshouldbenotedthatiffutureprecipitationpatternsaresimilartothatoftheperiod1957-1998,itisveryimportanttochangethenaturalcharacterofasynchronism-synchronismbyenhancingthecapabilityofhydro-projectsregulationandimprovingmanagementofthewatertransferproject.

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简介：Inthispaper,theSpaceWeatherModelingFramework(SWMF)isusedtosimulatethereal-timeresponseofthemagnetospheretoasolarwindeventonJune5,1998,inwhichtheinterplanetarymagneticfieldshifteditsdirectionfromnorthtosouth.Sincemostcurrentmodelsdonottakeintoaccountconvectiveeffectsoftheinnermagnetosphere,wefirststudytheimportanceofRiceConvectionModel(RCM)intheglobalmodel.Wethenfocusonthefollowingfouraspectsofthemagnetosphere’sresponse:themagnetosphere’sdensitydistribution,thestructureofitsmagneticfieldlines,theareaofthepolarcapboundary,andthecorrespondingionosphericcurrentchange.Wefindthat(1)whentheIMFchangesfromnorthtosouthinthisevent,highmagnetosheathdensityisobservedtoflowdownstreamalongthemagnetopausewiththesolarwind;low-latitudereconnectionatdaysideoccursunderthesouthwardIMF,whilethemagneticfieldlinesinthetaillobecaudal,causedbythenightsidehighlatitudereconnection,extendintotheinterplanetaryspace.Openmagneticfieldlinesexistsimultaneouslyatbothhighandlowlatitudesatthemagnetopause;(2)theareaofthepolarcapisobviouslyincreasediftheIMFturnsfromthenorthtothesouth;thisobservationishighlyconsistentwithempiricalobservations;(3)theionosphericfieldaligncurrentinthenorthernhemisphereisstrongerthaninthesouthernhemisphereandalsoincreasesastheIMFchangesfromnorthtosouth.SWMFwiththeRiceConvectioneffectprovidesreliablemodelingofthemagnetosphericandionosphericresponsetothissolarwindvariation.

简介：Sincetheendofthecoldwar,therehavetakeplaceanumberofnotablechangesintheThirdWorldandNorth-Southrelations,whichareexpectedtohaveafar-reachingimpactontheevolvingworldconfigurationandeventheinter-nationalrelationshipinthe21stcentury.

简介：Recentandpaleo-submarinelandslidesarewidelydistributedwithinstrataindeep-waterareasalongcontinentalslopes,uplifts,andcarbonateplatformsonthenorthcontinentalmarginoftheSouthChinaSea(SCS).Inthispaper,high-resolution3Dseismicdataandmultibeamdatabasedonseismicsedimentologyandgeomorphologyareemployedtoassistinidentifyingsubmarinelandslides.Inaddition,depositionmodelsareproposedthatarebasedonspecificgeologicalstructuresandfeatures,andwhichillustratethelocalstressfieldoverentiresubmarinelandslidesindeep-waterareasoftheSCS.TheSCSisoneofthelargestfluvialsedimentsinksinenclosedorsemi-enclosedmarginalseasworldwide.Itthereforeprovidesasetofpreconditionsfortheformationofsubmarinelandslides,includingrapidsedimentaccumulation,formationofgashydrates,andfluidoverpressure.Anewconceptinvolvingtemporalandspatialanalysesistestedtoconstructarelationshipbetweensubmarinelandslidesanddifferenttimescaletriggermechanisms,andthreemechanismsarediscussedinthecontextofspatialscaleandtemporalfrequency:evolutionofslopegradientandoverpressure,globalenvironmentalchanges,andtectonicevents.Submarinelandslidesthataretriggeredbytectoniceventsarethelargestbutoccurlessfrequently,whilesubmarinelandslidestriggeredbythecombinationofslopegradientandoverpressureevolutionarethesmallestbutmostfrequentlyoccurringevents.Insummary,analysisshowsthattheformationofsubmarinelandslidesisacomplexprocessinvolvingtheoperationofdifferentfactorsonvarioustimescales.

简介：Asoneofthemostdynamiceconomiesintheworldsincethemid-1990s,EastAsiahasboosteditsregionalcooperationbythecoexistenceofmulti-levelandmulti-frameworkcooperation

简介：<正>ThenorthChinablockisborderedonthenorthbytheYinShan,onthewestbytheHelanShan,onthesouthbytheQinLing-DabieShan,andtotheeastbythesea.ThesouthChinablockisborderedonthenorthbytheDabaShan(QinLing)-DabieShah,onthewestbytheLongmenShan-DaliangShan,onthesouthwestbythegreatfaultalongtheRedRiver,andtotheeastandsoutheastbythesea.Thetopographyofthenorthissimpleandeven,likeatwo-stagedterracehigherinthewest.Thoughthatofthesouthisalsohigherinthewest,itisveryunevenwithaboundantlowerandmiddlemountainsandhills.TheQinLing-DabieShanisanarrowbeltwiththe

简介：Theverticaldeformationgradientcanreflecttherateofverticalchangeinunitdistance,andtheverticaldeformationvelocitygradientcanreflectthestrengthoftheearth'scrusttectonicactivities.Inthispaper,usinglongperiodlevelingdatacombinedwithGPSdata,theverticaldeformationgradientvaluesarecalculated.LevelingdataandGPSdataaretwodifferentmeansofmonitoringdeformation,buttheresultisapproximatelythesameverticaldeformationgradient.Theresultsshowthatthespatialdistributionoftheverticaldeformationvelocitygradientandtectonicdistributionhasanobviouscorrelation.ThemostsignificantgradientanomaliesalongtheNorth-SouthSeismicBeltareXianshuihefault,LongmenshanfaultandXiaojiang-Zemuhefault,whilethesecondgradientanomaliesinthenortheasternQinghai-TibetanplateauareZhuanglanghefaultandLenglonglingfault.TheMenyuanM_S6.4earthquakein2016occurredinthisabnormalarea.However,accordingtotheverticaldeformationhighgradientareadistribution,thereisalsothepossibilityofanearthquakeoccurrenceintheTianzhuandJingtaiarea.TheareaofconvergenceofthreemajorfaultzonesisthestrongesttectonicallyactiveregionoftheNorth-SouthSeismicBelt.

简介：Althoughseismicgaptheoryplaysanimportantroleinthemed-andlong-termearthquakeprediction,thepotentialriskofthenon-seismicgapinhistoricalearthquakeruptureareaswillneedtobesimultaneouslytakenintoaccountinthestudyofmed-andlong-termearthquakeprediction,duetothetemporallyclusteringornon-linearbehavioroflargeearthquakerecurrence.Inordertoexploretechnicalmethodswhichcanbebasedonobservationaldata,andidentifyhistoricalearthquakerupturezones(includingtheseismicgapinhistoricalandprehistoricearthquakerupturezones),weselecteighthistoricallargeearthquakerupturezoneswithdifferentelapsedtimesonthemid-northsegmentoftheNorth-SouthSeismicBelttomakequantitativeanalysisonthecharacteristicsofmodernseismicityofthesezonesandpreliminarilyexploretheseismicitymethodfordeterminingtheurgencydegreeofpotentialearthquakehazards.Theresultsmainlyshowthatthepvalue,whichreflectstheattenuationofearthquakesequence,andthea-value,whichreflectstheseismicityrate,arestronglyrelatedtotheelapsedtimeofthelatestearthquakeintherupturezone.However,thecorrespondingrelationshipsinsomeruptureareasarenotclearperhapsduetothecomplexfaultstructureandfaultingbehavior.Theb-value,whichrepresentsthestateoftectonicstressaccumulation,doesnoteasilyreflecttheelapsedtimeinformationofdifferentevolutionstages.Theb-valuetemporalscanningshowsasteadyevolutionovertimeinmostoftherupturezones,butintherupturezoneoftheWuduM8.0earthquakeof1879,theb-valueshowssignificantfluctuationswithadecreasingtrendfor20years.Bycomparativeanalysis,weconcludethattherupturezonesofthe1933M7.5Maoxianearthquakeandthe1976M7.2Songpan-Pingwuearthquakearestillinthedecayingperiodofearthquakesequences,andthusdonothavethebackgroundforrecurrenceofM7.0earthquakes.Thelowb-valueMaqusegment,whichislocatedatthenorthmarginoftherupturezoneof

简介：摘要：Baiyun下垂是在珍珠河嘴盆的斜坡上发展的深的。它水平地作为合成graben发生，并且由二亚sags对亚sags构成低高举。垂直地，沉积建筑学能被划分成三层，即底部，在中间的差错可锻的拉长层和顶上的draping层上的指责的层。sag的主要rifting阶段应当被可锻的扩展描绘并且外壳变瘦。特殊变丑模式可能被归因于事实Baiyun下垂位于弱地区，使sag成为了一个强烈使变形的区域，由极大地变瘦的岩石圈和活跃magmatism描绘了的先存在的转移地区。在Baiyun下面的高度升起的披风下垂应该是为可锻的变丑负责的重要机制，它引起了上面的披风的部分融化。Upwelling到上面的外壳和沉积的层，部分融化材料提供了extensional紧张并且引起了非指责的垂直沉淀。岩浆在rifting的第一个阶段以后在转移地区下面被收集，并且沿着趋势NW基础差错在对对sag和upwelled的ENE和WSW部分的扩展垂直的一个方向旁边地转了，在的地方趋势WNW砍差错在群发展了。指责的活动和Baiyun的沉积历史下垂可能被海洋山脉影响了在24妈和海地板在16妈附近传播的停止附近跳。

简介：Basinmodelinghasbecomeanimportanttoolforanalyzingsedimentarybasins.TheNorthSubbasinoftheSouthYellowSeaBasinisfilledwiththickMeso-Cenozoicterrigenousdepositsduringtheriftevolutionstage.Theaccumulationofdataandachievementsofgeologicalinvestigationsinrecentyearshaveprovidedthepreconditionsforbasinmodeling.Thenecessaryparametersandgeologicalelementsforsimulationsarecollatedandsummarized.Modelingoftectono-thermalevolutionisperformedandtherelatedtrendinheatflowisreconstructedandcalibrated.Theheatflowvaluecommencesfromanaveragelevelof61mW/m~2duringMiddleLateJurassic,risestoabout80mW/m~2fromcirca145Matocirca74Ma,andthenundergoesagradualdeclineto65mW/m~2untiltheendofOligocene.Threeevolutionaryphases,namely,theinitialriftingphase,syn-riftingphase,andpost-riftingphase,havebeenidentified.ThemodelingresultsshowthattheNorthSubbasingenerallyentersintoastageofstrongriftingduringCretaceousandundergoesrapidsubsidenceuntiltheLateCretaceous,thenfollowsbyastageofmoderateriftingduringthePaleogene.Theinputandgeneralworkflowinvolvedin3-Dmodelingareintroduced.ReconstructionofthepetroleumsystemintheNorthSubbasinrevealsthatthethresholddepthofhydrocarbongenerationislocatednearthetopofthePaleogeneFuningformation,andtheunderlyingJurassicandCretaceoussourcerockshavereachedorexceededpeakoilgenerationandhavealmostcompletedthegenerationandexpulsionofhydrocarbons.ThemaingenerationandexpulsionintheJurassicsourcerockstakeplaceduringthesyn-riftingandpost-riftingphases,whereasthepeakgenerationandexpulsionintheCretaceousandPaleogenesourcerockstakeplaceduringthepost-riftingphase.Althoughthestudyareaisstillarelativelylessexploredsedimentarybasin,theresultsofmodelingcanprovidevaluableinformationforexploration.Apreliminarydiscussionofthemainuncertaintyfactor

简介：Previousstudiesemphasizetheimportantroleofa'north-ridgeversussouth-trough'dipole(affectingthelatitudesfrom20°to75°NaroundtheTibetanPlateau)ofanomalousgeopotentialheight(Z)intheearly-2008abnormalcryogenicfreezing-rain-and-snoweventsinthesouthernpartofChina.ThepresentstudyintendstoextracttheleadingsignalfacilitatingthedipolebasedonthenumericaloutputsofafullZ-linearmodelfordiagnosingtheglobalZ.Usingthismodelbuiltonfullprimitiveequationsinspherical-isobariccoordinates,wecanfurthersplittheanomalyofZ-Zfζ-uβ(representingtheZcomponentnotexplicitlyassociatedwiththeCoriolisparameterfanditsmeridionalderivativeβ)into15components.Withthemodel-outputZfζ-uβ(mainlyaccountingforthedipoleunderthegeostrophicbalance)andZ-Zfζ-uβmatricesastheleftandrightsingularvectorsrespectively,amaximumcovarianceanalysis(MCA)isperformedtoextractthesignificant2-4-dayleadingsignalcarriedbytheMCAZ-Zfζ-uβmodeintheupstreamareaofthedipole.Thisleadingsignalismainlyattributedto1)theabnormallystrongwesterliescenteredaroundtheexitregionoftheAtlanticjet-streamand2)thecorrespondinganomalous950-300hPaanticyclonetothesouthoftheabnormallystrongcenterofwesterlies.Theenergyofthepositivewavecenteraroundthisjetexitregionfavorsthedownstreamnorth-ridgewhiletheenergyofthenegativewavecenterassociatedwiththeanomalousanticyclonefavorsthedownstreamsouth-trough.

简介：TodeterminethestudyingregionofChinaTestingCenteroftheCollaboratoryfortheStudyofEarthquakePredictability(CSEP),weadoptedtheEntire-Magnitude-Range(EMR)methodtostudythespatialdistributionofminimummagnitudeofcompleteness(MC)intheNorth-SouthTrendingSeismicBelt(NSTSB)duringtheperiodfromOctober1,2008toMay31,2011.AlsobootstraptestingwasperformedtoestimatetheuncertaintyofMC,i.e.δMC.TheresultsshowthatMC(EMR)=1.6±0.03forthewholeregion.FromthespatialdistributionsofMCwefindthatMCisintherangeofML1.3～2.0formostregions.Specifically,thespatialdistributionofMCisconsistentwiththedistributionofstationsindicatinghighmonitoringlevelinthesouthernpartandlowmonitoringlevelinthenorthernpart.EventslocatedwithlessthanthreestationshavegreatinfluenceonMc.Moreover,theuncertaintyofminimummagnitudeofcompletenessδMCrangesfrom0.07to0.22.ThespatialdistributionofδMCagreeswiththeseismicrate.TheshortertimespanmaycauselargerδMC.

简介：Inthispaper,thecorrespondingrelationoftheevolutionarycharacteristicsofgeodeticdeformationfieldswithseismicactivityformorethan20yearsintheNorth-SouthseismiczoneandEastofQinghai-XizangMesshasbeeninvestigated.Notonlyisgeodeticdeformationinnon-homogeneityforthespace-timedistributionbutalsodeformationfieldsareinmacroscopicsimilarityfortheidenticaltimeinterval.Theinheritedtectonicmovementisatotaltendencyofrecentcrustalmovement,andthemotionmodeisinundulations.Therearestagesofaccumulationandrelease-adjustingofstrainenergyincrustalmovementprocesses,whichmaybethedynamicmechanismofrelativelyquietandactiveseismicity.Theanalysisofthecrustalmovementtendencysince1991isofsomesignificanceforjudgingthestressstateandthelargeseismicsituationinthearea.

简介：AltynTagh差错是西藏的高原的北边界。作为在世界上的最著名的罢工滑倒差错之一，构造变丑上并且晚的大成就第四级滑倒率被造成了。然而，有AltynTagh差错是否延续到Jinta盆的长持续的争论或甚至东方。在这份报纸，我们使用卫星图象解释，领域调查，沟挖掘，和标明日期到最新在JintaNan掸人的东方结束发现NS惹人注目的陡坡的学习的光刺激的光。结果如下：第一，一组正常差错在Heihe河的平台T2上发展，全部的长度数量到40km，全部的陡坡高度是30畣慬楴杮琠敨映畡瑬猠楬獰猠潨獷氠湯?整浲愠瑣癩瑩敩?景映畡瑬?耶喩鼡?桴?慢楳?愠摮猠浯?潢湵慤祲映畡瑬?敫瑰愠瑣癩?晡整??‵吗？

简介：WhiletheAntarcticSlopeCurrent(ASC)hasbeenintensivelystudiedfortheEastAntarcticaslopeareaandtheWeddellSea,itsfateinthewesternAntarcticPeninsula(WAP)regionremainsmuchlessknown.DatafromtwocruisesconductedneartheSouthShetlandIslands(SSIs)andtheElephantIsland(EI),oneinaustralsummerof2004andoneinaustralwinterof2006,wereanalyzedtoprovideabroadpictureofthecirculationpatternoverthecontinentalslopeofthesurveyedarea,andaninsightintothedynamicalbalanceofthecirculation.Theresultsindicatethatsouthwestwardcurrentsarepresentovertheupperslopeinthestudyarea,indicatingtheASCintheWAPregion.NeartheShackletonGap(SG)northoftheEI,thesouthwestwardslopecurrentsneartheshelfbreakarecharacterizedbyawatermasscolderandfresherthantheambientwater,whichproducescross-slopedensitygradientsandthenverticalshearofthealong-slope(oralong-isobath)velocity.Theverticalshearisassociatedwithareversalofthealong-slopecurrentfromnortheastwardatsurfacetosouthwestwardindeeperlayers,oradepth-intensificationofthesouthwestwardslopecurrents.ThewatermasswithtemperatureandsalinitycharacteristicssimilartotheobservedcoldandfreshwaterisalsorevealedonthesouthernslopeoftheScotiaSea,suggestingthatthiscoldandfreshwaterisoriginatedfromtheScotiaSeaslopeandflowssouthwestwardthroughtheSG.OvertheshelfnorthoftheSSIs,thecoldandfreshwatermassisalsoobservedandoriginatesmainlyfromtheBransfieldStrait.Inthisarea,verticalstructureofthesouthwestwardslopecurrentsisassociatedwiththeonshoreintrusionoftheupperCircumpolarDeepWaterthatcreatescross-slopedensitygradients.

简介：Theintraseasonaloscillation(ISO)oftheSouthChinaSea(SCS,105-120°E,5-20°N)convectionanditsinfluencesonthegenesisandtrackofthewesternNorthPacific(WNP)tropicalcyclones(TCs)wereexplored,basedonthedailyaverageofNCEP/NCARreanalysisdata,theOLRdataandthewesternNorthPacifictropicalcyclonebest-trackdatafrom1979to2008.ThemechanismoftheinfluencesofISOonTCmovementandthecorrespondinglarge-scalecirculationwerediscussedbyatrajectorymodel.Itwasfoundasfollows.(1)DuringtheSCSsummermonsoon,theSCSconvectionexhibitstheISOfeatureswithactivephasesalternatingwithinactivephases.Themonsooncirculationpatternsaresignificantlydifferentduringthesetwophases.WhentheSCSconvectionisactive(inactive),theSCS-WNPmonsoontroughstretcheseastward(retreatswestward)duetotheactivity(inactivity)ofSCSmonsoon,andtheWNPsubtropicalhighretreatseastward(stretcheswestward),whichenhances(suppresses)themonsooncirculation.(2)TheamountofTCgenesisintheactivephaseismuchmorethanthatintheinactivephase.AmajorityofTCsformwestof135°Eduringtheactivephasesbuteastof135°Eintheinactivephases.(3)TheTCsenteringtheareawestof135°Eandsouthof25°NwouldmovestraightintotheSCSintheactivephase,orrecurvenorthwardintheinactivephase.(4)Simulationresultsshowthatthesteeringflowassociatedwiththeactive(inactive)phasesisinfavorofstraight-moving(recurving)TCs.Meanwhile,theimpactsofthelocationsofTCgenesisonthecharacteristicsofTCtrackcannotbeignored.TCsthatoccurredfatherwestwardaremorelikelytomovestraightintotheSCSregion.

简介：Inthispaper,usingthe1999~2007GPSvelocityfielddata,andbychoosingtheoptimalblockmodel,weobtainedthedeformationmodelsapplicabletotheboundaryzonesofmajorblocksandtheslipratesofblockboundaryfaultsonthemid-southernsegmentoftheNorth-SouthSeismicBelt.Theresultsshowthat:ontheLongmenshanfaultzone,thetensionalandcompressivesliprateissmallontheBaoxing-Wenchuansegment,about0.5~1.8mm·a-1,andtherateisrelativelysignificantonthesegmentoftheWenchuan-Maoxian,as1.8~3.8mm·a-1;ontheXianshuihefaultbelt,thereisacertaindifferenceinspatialdistributionbetweenthetensionalsliprateandstrike-sliprate:thetensionalsliprate(8.1mm·a-1)isbiggerthanthesinistralstrike-sliprate(4.8mm·a-1)atthenorthoftheLuhuoregion;thetensionandcompressionsliprateisbasicallythesameasthestrike-sliprateatLuhuo-Dawu;theDawu-Kangdingsectionpresentsatrendofdecreasedstrike-sliprateandincreasedtensionalsliprate;theKangding-Shimiansegmentshowsastrike-slipnature;thestrike-sliprateissignificantlygreaterthanthetension/compressionrateontheXiaojiangfaultzone;thesliprateontheRedRiverfaultzoneshowsobviousspatialsegmentation,thesliprateissmallerinitsnorthwestpart,butwithacertainamountoftensional/compressioncomponent,4.7mm·a-1ontheJingdongsegment.ThesegmenteastofJingdong(westernGejiu)ismainlyofstrike-slip,withasliprateof4.5mm·a-1.

简介：Inviewofthecorrelationbetweentectonicactivityandseismicity,thestrongearthquakeriskintheNorth-SouthSeismicBeltarousedwideconcernafterthe2014YutianM_S7.3earthquake.UsingtheseismiccatalogoftheChinaEarthquakeNetworksCenter,theBenioffstrainratiointheNorth-SouthSeismicBeltiscalculatedin30daysbeforeandaftertheMarch21,2008andFebruary12,2014YutianM_S7.3earthquakes.Resultsshowthatinayearafterthe2008YutianM_S7.3earthquake,M>5.0earthquakesalloccurrednearthehighstrainratioareaorthejunctionbetweenthelowandhighstrainratioareas,theactivityofstrongearthquakesobviouslycoincideswiththehighstrainratioarea,whichindicatesthattheseareashaveahigherstresslevel.TheYutianearthquakespromotedthereleaseofsmallearthquakesinthehighstressareas.Thisresearchisofcertainindicatingsignificancetothestudyofsubsequentstrongearthquakesofthisregion.

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