简介：目的：目前基于知识工程的设计过程自动化领域有一个缺陷，即缺乏一个语法、语义、公理完善的过程模型表示技术以便在不同平台之间共享，从而实现互操作。研究期望通过两个关键步骤来实现设计过程自动化。方法：1．对非规范化建模方法进行分析对比（表1）；2．分析过程建模技术应该满足的功能，细化成不同的要点对不规范的建模方法进行分析对比，同时分析可以表示不同设计分解特征的规范建模技术。结论：1．明确了设计过程自动化的两个关键步骤：（1）非规范化地获取设计过程中的关键点，（2）将非规范化模型映射为规范化表示；2．分析得出表示不同设计分解特征的规范化表示方法和技术（表2）；3．根据分析结果，可以选择最优的非规范化和规范化建模方法，从而支持设计过程自动化。

简介：Theground-stateandthermodynamicpropertiesofquantummixed-spinchainsof1/2-1/2-1-1and3/2-3/2-1-1areinvestigatedbyaquantumMonteCarlosimulationwiththeloop-clusteralgorithm.For1/2-1/2-1-1chain,wefindithastwophasesseparatedbyanenergy-gapvanishingpointintheground-state.For3/2-3/2-1-1chain,thenumericalresultsshowtwoenergy-gapvanishingpointsisolatedbydifferentphasesinitsground-state.Ourcalculationsindicatethatallthesegroundstatephasescanbeunderstoodbymeansofvalence-bond-solidpicture,andthethermodynamicbehavioratfinitetemperaturesiscontinuousasafunctionofparameterα=J2/J1.

简介：1．河水总是向低处流，抛出的物体总会落向地面，这些现象说明，地球上的物体总是要受到________力的作用，该力的施力物体是______。

简介：In2014,theresearchersofTheoreticalPhysicsGroupatIMPhavecarriedouttheirresearchworkonnuclearphysics,heavyionphysicsandhadronphysics.Someimportantresultshavebeenobtained.Thethree-bodyforce(TBF)effectontheoff-shellbehavioroftheneutronandprotonmassoperatorsinasymmetricuclearmatterhasbeeninvestigatedwithintheframeworkoftheextendedBrueckner-Hartree-Fockapproach[1].Athighdensitieswellabovethenormalnuclearmatterdensity,theTBFisshowntoaffectsignificantlytheoff-shellehaviorofboththeprotonandneutronmassoperators.Thedensitydependenceofsymmetryenergyaroundtheuclearsaturationdensityhasbeenstudied[2].Anewapproachhasbeenproposedandappliedtodeterminetheymmetryenergycoefficientofheavynucleibasedontheavailableexperimentalnuclearmassesofheavynuclei.Theobtainedresultisadoptedtoanalyzethedensitydependenceofsymmetryenergyofnuclearmatteraroundtheaturationdensity.TheslopeparameteratthesaturationdensityisdeterminedtobeL=(50.515.5)MeV.

简介：In2010,theBESCollaboration[1]foundaclearenhancementintheK0K0massdistributionintheJ=ψ!ηK0K0decay.SuchanenhancementisusuallyasignatureofanL=0resonancearoundthreshold,whichinthiscasewouldcorrespondstoanh1statewithquantumnumbersIG(JPC)=0??(1+??).Thish1statewaspredictedbytheChiralUnitarytheoryintheKKinteraction.Becauseoftheconversationlaw,thisstatecanonlydecaytoK0K0channel,andcanbestudiedefficientlyintheJ=ψ!ηK0K0decay.

简介：Tostudytheelectromagnetic(EM)backscattercharacteristicsoffreakwavesatmoderateincidenceangles,weestablishanEMbackscatteringmodelforfreakwavesin(1+1)-dimensionaldeepwater.ThenonlinearinteractionbetweenfreakwavesandBraggshortwavesisconsideredtobethebasichydrodynamicspectramodulationmechanisminthemodel.NumericalresultssuggestthattheEMbackscatteringintensitiesoffreakwavesarelessthanthosefromthebackgroundseasurfaceatmoderateincidenceangles.Thenormalisedradarcrosssections(NRCSs)fromfreakwavesarehighlypolarisationdependent,evenatlowincidenceangles,whichisdifferentfromthesituationfornormalseawaves;moreover,theNRCSoffreakwavesismorepolarisationdependentthanthebackgroundseasurface.NRCSdiscrepanciesbetweenfreakwavesandthebackgroundseasurfacewithusinghorizontaltransmittinghorizomtal(HH)polarisationarelargerthanthoseusingverticaltransmittingvertical(VV)polarisation,atmoderateincidentangles.NRCSdiscrepanciesbetweenfreakwavesandbackgroundseasurfacedecreaseswiththeincreaseofincidenceangle,inbothHHandVVpolarisationradars.Asanapplication,inthesynthetic-apertureradar(SAR)imagingoffreakwaves,wesuggestthatfreakwavesshouldhaveextremelylowbackscatterNRCSsforthefreakwavefacetwiththestrongestslope.Comparedwiththebackgroundseasurface,thefreakwavesshouldbedarkerinHHpolarisationechoimagesthaninVVechoimages,inSARimages.FreakwavescanbemoreeasilydetectedfromthebackgroundseasurfaceinHHpolarisationimagesthaninVVpolarisationimages.Thepossibilityofdetectionoffreakwavesatlowincidenceanglesismuchhigherthanathighincidenceangles.

简介：ThesplittingofpotentialenergylevelsforgroundstateX2ΠgofOx2(x=+1,1)underspin–orbitcoupling(SOC)hasbeencalculatedbyusingthespin–orbit(SO)multi-configurationquasi-degenerateperturbationtheory(SO-MCQDPT).TheirMurrell–Sorbie(M–S)potentialfunctionsaregained,andthenthespectroscopicconstantsforelectronicstates2Π1/2and2Π3/2arederivedfromtheM–Sfunction.TheverticalexcitationenergiesforOx2(x=+1,1)areν[O+12(2Π3/2→X2Π1/2)]=195.652cm1,andν[O12(2Π1/2→X2Π3/2)]=182.568cm1,respectively.Allthespectroscopicdataforelectronicstates2Π1/2and2Π3/2aregivenforthefirsttime.

简介：当堂反馈1．如图所示，锤子对钉子的作用力的施力物体是——，受力物体是——．画出锤子对钉子的作用力的示意图．

简介：1．将手掌压在水平的桌面上，使手掌水平向前运动，会感到手掌受到桌面向__________（选填“前”或“后”）的作用力，此力称为______力．桌面越光滑，手掌受到的力越小，表明____________________________________。

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简介：ThespectrumoftheΣ(1193)excitedstates,Σ,withisospinI=1andstrangenessS=??1isoneofthemostimportantissuesinhadronicphysics.TheΣresonancesaremostlyproducedandstudiedinK-inducedreactions.ManyΣresonancesarenowcatalogedbytheParticleDataGroup[1].However,ourknowledgeoftheseresonancesisstillverypoor.Intheenergyregionbelow2GeV,onlyafewofthemarewellestablished,suchastheΣ(1385)ofspin-parityJP=3=2+,Σ(1670)ofJp=3=2??andΣ(1775)ofJp=5=2??.Theothersarenotwellestablishedandsomeofthemareevenoflargeuncertaintiesontheirexistence.Thus,thestudyoftheΣresonancewiththeavailableexperimentaldataisnecessary.

简介：

简介：WeinvestigatethesensitivityoftheangularrotationmeasurementwiththemethodofhomodynedetectioninSU（2）andSU（1,1）interferometersbyemployingorbitalangularmomentum（OAM）.BycombiningacoherentbeamwithavacuumbeaminanSU（2）interferometer,wegetthesensitivityoftheangularrotationmeasurementas1/(2N1/2l).WecansurpassthelimitoftheangularrotationmeasurementinanSU（1,1）interferometerbycombiningacoherentbeamwithavacuumbeamorasqueezedvacuumbeamwhentheprobebeamhasOAM.Withoutinjection,thesensitivitycanreach1/(2N1/2l).Inaddition,byemployinganotherconstructionofanSU（1,1）interferometerwherethepumpbeamhasOAM,withthesameinjectionofanSU（1,1）interferometer,thesensitivityoftheangularrotationmeasurementcanbeimprovedbyafactorof2,reaching1/（4Nl）.Theresultsconfirmthepotentialofthistechnologyforprecisionmeasurementsinangularrotationmeasurements.

简介：在IBM公司、Annenberg／CPB企业及美国物理教师协会的支持下，CUPLE为高等学校及大学物理课程建立了一个新的教育方法模型，建立综合的一元化的物理学习环境(简称CUPLE)把实验资料、视像资料及其他资料的输入与灵活的计算机工具结合起来。本文这个

简介：【本节需学习的内容】通过教材的引导，使学生自主进行电路模型的设计、制作和评价，进一步理解串联、并联电路的特性．在“WWW”中，安排了三个与学生生活联系紧密的课题，也可在综合实践活动课中进行探究．

简介：【本节需学习的内容】本节内容是让学生设计、制作一个由简单机械组成的机械模型，这不仅要求学生能装配杠杆、滑轮等单个的简单机械，还要求学生把这些简单机械组合起来，取长补短，发挥各自的优势．

简介：【本节需学习的内容】本节要求设计、制作一个由简单机械组成的机械模型，通过活动知道把单个的简单机械组合起来，取长补短，发挥各自的优势，使组合机械用途更广、功能更优越．

简介：【本节需学习的内容】本节将要完成本章一开始提出的任务，借助这个活动回顾总结本章所学知识，进一步具体应用和实际操作，进一步提高操作技能．

简介：【本节需学习的内容】根据所学知识，自主进行简单的电路设计、制作，由此进一步理解串联、并联电路的特点．在“WWW”中安排了三个与生活联系紧密的课题，这也是综合实践活动一部分．

简介：Onassumingthatweaksubstructurehasadynamicswhichissimilartoquantumchromodynamicsbutmuchstronger,weconcludethatunquenchingisindispensableforpredictionsonthespectrumofweak-substructureresonances[1].