简介:Enlargedvestibularaqueduct(EVA),themostfrequentidentifiablecauseofcongenitalhearingloss,isevaluatedwithhigh-definitionmultidetectorCTintheaxialplane.OurpurposewastodeterminewhichreformattedCTmeasurementsaremostreproducible.Sevenmultiplanarreformattedimageswerecreatedforeachofthe64temporalbonesinpatientswithEVA.Intraclasscorrelationcoefficients(ICC)wereusedtoassessinter-observervariability,andbothlinearregressionandROCanalyseswereusedtocomparethemeasurementswithseverityofhearingloss,asassessedbypuretoneaudiometry.Allsevenmeasurementshadexcellentinter-observervariability,withaverage-measureICCrangingfrom0.92to0.98.Therewasnostatisticallysignificantcorrelationbetweentheradiologicdegreeofaqueductenlargementandseverityofhearinglossusinganyofthesevenmeasurements;ROCanalysesrevealedareasunderthecurvesrangingfrom0.57to0.73.Optimalaccuracywasobtainedwithathresholdof1.75mmasmeasuredattheaqueductalapertureintheP€oschlplane,withsensitivityof0.75andspecificityof0.63.AlthoughtheradiologicmeasurementmaynotserveasareliabletoolforassessingseverityofEVA,P€oschlplanereformattinghasproventobebetterthanconventionalaxialacquisitionplaneforidentifyingpatientswithclinicallysignificanthearingloss.
简介:目的探讨模拟中长期飞船舱内失重及噪声复合因素对大鼠听力及内耳淋巴液容积的影响。方法健康SD大鼠22只随机分为实验组(失重+噪声组)12只,对照组10只。分别于暴露前、暴露后2周、4周、8周检测其双耳听性脑干诱发电位(ABR)阈值,并进行内耳MRI扫描,通过专用软件对内耳淋巴液容积进行计算。结果1.实验组动物ABR阈值在暴露4周时开始与实验前出现统计学差异(P〈0.05),且8周时ABR阈值与实验前有统计学差异(P〈0.01)。2.实验组动物双耳内耳淋巴液容积在暴露2周时与暴露前无统计学差异(P〉0.05),在暴露4周时与暴露前开始出现统计学差异(P〈0.05),在暴露8周时与暴露前有统计学差异(P〈0.01)。对照组动物内尔淋巴液容积在实验前后均无统计学差异。结论模拟中长期飞船舱内失重和噪声复合因素可造成SD大鼠听觉电生理的损伤,且会导致大鼠内耳淋巴液容积增大。
简介:摘要目的明确小肠梗阻患者CT特征是否具有预测手术时机的作用。方法本研究在2010年1月至2012年6月共纳入出现小肠梗阻并具有完整影像资料的患者63例。由两名影像科医生对影像资料进行回顾分析。采用χ2及Fisher检验对患者的影像学特征及手术处理进行单因素分析。同时将显著性因素采用Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果显示3种CT特征与需要进行手术处理存在相关性,分别为完全性肠梗阻、小肠扩张>4cm及出现转换点。多因素分析显示出现转换点为小肠梗阻进行手术处理的显著因素(OR=19,95%置信区间1.8-201,p=0.014)。结论在发生小肠梗阻的患者中,CT特征出现转换点的患者需要进行手术的机率显著增加
简介:摘要目的探讨在CT增强扫描中如何更好、更有效地使用高压注射器,为临床诊断提供有力的影像支持。方法对235例患者使用高压注射器做增强扫描,取得良好的诊断效果。结果使用高压注射器做增强扫描的患者235例,231例注药顺利,完成增强扫描,占总数的98.3%。1例因对比剂外渗,扫描途中停机重新穿刺、注药完成扫描,占总数0.42%。2例因注药过程中留置针侧孔脱开,致药液外漏,重新注药后扫描成功,占总数0.85%。1例因高压注射对比剂后,CT装置未及时触发,错过设置的扫描时相致增强失败,占总数的0.42%.结论正确、合理地使用高压注射器,可获得更为精准的诊断资料,有利于提高临床诊断水平。
简介:目的探讨模拟失重和飞船舱内噪声复合因素对豚鼠耳蜗听性脑干反应(ABR)阈值的影响及雌激素的防护作用。方法40只豚鼠随机分为单纯失重组、失重+噪声组、雌激素治疗组、雌激素预防组各10只。后肢悬吊法模拟失重,除单纯失重组外均暴露于模拟飞船舱内在天飞行及返回段的噪声环境,共5天。雌激素预防组实验前3天每天肌注苯甲酸雌二醇0.08mg/kg,首剂加倍。雌激素治疗组实验中每天肌注苯甲酸雌二醇0.08mg/kg,首剂加倍,持续至实验结束后3天。实验前、实验结束后即刻和实验结束后3天测试听性脑干反应阈值。结果各组实验前ABR阈值无差异,实验结束及恢复3天后各组ABR阈值之间有差异,雌激素治疗组ABR阈值最低。各组实验前后不同时间的ABR阈值均有差异。结论失重及失重+噪声均可造成豚鼠听功能损伤,后者造成的损伤更重。雌激素治疗对失重+噪声复合因素下的听功能损伤具有一定防护作用。
简介:ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedus-ingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsublux-ationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevalu-ation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreat-ment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialpa-ralysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.Re-sultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouse-Brackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfr
简介:ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedusingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsubluxationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevaluation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreatment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialparalysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.ResultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouseBrackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfractureordis
简介:摘要目的MRI、CT与钼靶X线在乳腺疾病诊断中的价值。方法本文选取我院于2013年08月~2014年08月收治的36例乳腺疾病患者,所有患者在手术开始前实施MRI、CT与钼靶X线三种不同方式的诊断检查,进一步和手术后病理结果进行对比分析。结果三种不同检查方法诊断结果和术后病理结果对比后发现采用MRI、CT两种检查方法的诊断结果和术后病理结果之间没有显著性差异,同时钼靶X线诊断结果和MRI、CT以及术后病理结果之间都存在显著性差异(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论乳腺疾病患者采用MRI、CT与钼靶X线不同检查方法检查后,其中钼靶X线可以用于早期乳腺疾病诊断,而MRI和CT两种检查方法具有较高的乳腺疾病检出率和诊断特异性,值得在临床中推广应用。
简介:Objective:Totestthefeasibilityofmeasuringfinetemporalbonestructuresusinganewlyestablishedcone-beamcomputedtomography(CBCT)system.Materialsandmethods:Sixformalin-fixedhumancadavertemporalboneswereimagedusingahigh-resolutionCBCTsystemthathas900framesandcoppertaluminumfiltration.Finetemporalbonestructures,includingthoseofthefacialnervecanalandvestibularstructures,wereidentifiedandmeasured.Results:Thefinestructuresofthemiddleear,includingthetympanicmembrane,tendonofthetensortympani,cochleariformprocessofthesemicanalofthetensortympani,pyramidaleminence,footplateofthestapes,fullpathofthefacialnervewithinthetemporalbone,supralabyrinthinespace,semicircularcanals,pathwayofthesubarcuatecanal,andfullpathofthevestibularaqueduct,wereclearlydemonstrated.Thevestibularaqueducthasamidpointwidthof0.4±0.0mmandopercularwidthof0.5±0.1mm(mean±SD).Thelengthoftheinternalacousticmeatuswas10.6±1.2mm(mean±SD),andthediameteroftheinternalacousticmeatuswas3.7±0.3mm(mean±SD).Conclusion:Thisnovelhigh-resolutionCBCTsystemhaspotentiallybroadapplicationsinthediagnosisofinnereardiseaseandinmonitoringassociatedpathologicalchanges,surgicalplanning,navigationfortheearsurgery,andtemporalbonetraining.