简介：AIM:Toinvestigatenasolacrimalduct(NLD)volumeinKoreanpatientsandtoexaminethecorrelationbetweenNLDvolumeandobstruction.METHODS:OfpatientswhounderwentorbitalcomputedtomographyfromMarch2013toJanuary2016,patientsdiagnosedwithNLDobstructionwereclassifiedintothepatientgroupandpatientswithoutobstructionwereclassifiedintothecontrolgroup.TheNLDvolumewasmeasuredusingtheImageJprogram,whichshowedtheNLDinaxial,coronal,andsagittalimagesoncomputedtomography.RESULTS:Theaveragevalueofmen’sNLDvolume,265.33±90.57mm^3,wassignificantlylargerthanwomen’s,211.87±68.61mm^3(P=0.009).Inthepatientgroup,theNLDvolumeoftheobstructedeyes,242.49±82.93mm3,andthenon-obstructedeyes,225.20±73.20mm3,weresignificantlyhigherthanthecontrolgroup,217.61±82.04mm^3(P<0.001,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:TheNLDvolumeislargerinmenthaninwomeninKoreanadults.IfthereisNLDobstructioninwomen,theNLDvolumeislargeranditisjudgedthatinflammatoryreactioncausedachronicchangeinthebonearoundtheNLDandaffectthemeasurementofNLDvolume.

简介：背景：训练的整个身体颤动(WBV)出现到豆子为在更老的个人训练的常规抵抗的有效选择。到目前为止，没有数据在心和肺的健康上关于振动效果存在。目的：这随机的ised控制了估计的试用在超过60岁的社区住所成年人在心和肺的健康和肌肉力量上训练的1年的WBV的效果。方法：220个成年人的一个总数(意味着年龄67.1年)随机被分到一个WBV组，健康组或控制组。在一个颤动平台上行使的TheWBV组，和健康组表演了心血管，抵抗，平衡和拉长的锻练。控制组没参予任何训练。心率在一个单个WBV会议期间被测量。山峰氧举起(VO2peak)和time-to-peak锻练(TPE)在进步自行车ergometry期间被测量。肌肉力量被一个测力计估计。结果：心率在WBV训练期间显著地增加了。在1年以后，VO2peak,TPE和肌肉力量在WBV和健康组显著地增加了。两个都训练的组在VO2peak和肌肉力量同样改善了。健康组比WBV组在TPE更显著地改善了。结论：WBV在社区住所训练老看起来有效改进心和肺的健康和肌肉力量。

简介：FromJune,1986toJune1989,24casesofhilarbileductcarcinomawereexploredintheSurgicalDepartmentofGeneralHospitalofPLA,16/24caseswereresected,aresectabilityrateof66%.Theincreaseofresectabilityratewasduetoearlierrecognitionofthisconditionandtheextensionofsurgery,includingmajorresectionofliveraswellasradicaldissectionofthehepato-duodenalligamentandrepairativeoperationsonthebloodvessels.Amongthese16cases,majorhepaticresectionwasperformedin10cases,inwhich,3casesofresectionsofthemiddlelobeoftheliverweredoneinsteadofrightorextendedrightlobectomy.Nooperativemortalityinthe30days’postoperativeperiod,butthepostoperativemorbidityratewasstillhighandmostofthecomplicationswererelatedtobiliaryleakageandinfection.Threepatientsdiedinthefollowupperiodat6,14and15monthsrespectively.Allofthemdiedfrombiliaryinfection.Theremaining13patientswerestillalive,thelongestbein

简介：One-dimensionalanalyticaltheoryisdevelopedforsupersonicductflowwithvariationofcrosssection,wallfriction,heataddition,andrelationsbetweentheinletandoutletflowparametersareobtained.Byintroducingaselfsimilarparameter,effectsofheatreleasing,wallfriction,andchangeincrosssectionareaontheflowcanbenormalizedandaself-similarsolutionoftheflowequationscanbefound.Basedontheresultofself-similarsolution,thesufficientandnecessaryconditionfortheoccurrenceofthermalchokingisderived.Arelationofthemaximumheatadditionleadingtothermalchokingoftheductflowisderivedasfunctionsofarearatio,wallfriction,andmassaddition,whichisanextensionoftheclassicRayleighflowtheory,wheretheeffectsofwallfrictionandmassadditionarenotconsidered.Thepresentworkisexpectedtoprovidefundamentalsfordevelopinganintegralanalyticaltheoryforramjetsandscramjets.

简介：Thechangesofthedevelopingturbulentflowcharacteristicsincurvedductafteraddingabafflearestudiednumericallyatthebody-fittedcoordinates.ak-εmodelisusedtorepresenttheturbulence.acurvedductofrectangularcross-sectioniscomputedfirstly,ithasbeenobservedthatthepredictionsusingtheprocedureagreeverysatisfactorywiththeexperimentaldata.Then,twokindsofsquareductsarestudied,oneisnormalcurvedduct,theotherisaductwithabaffle.Thecomputationalresultsarepresentedandcomparedtoeachother,inordertodisplaythechangesoftheflowafteraddingabaffleincurvedducts.Thesecondaryflowinaductwithabaffleischaracterizedbyfour-vorticesstructurewiththeoutertwobiggerthantheinnertwo.Besides,comparedwiththeductwithoutabaffle,theintensityofthesecondaryflowsisreduced,whichresultsintheflowfieldofthecross-sectionmuchmoreequableandhasmuchmoresignificantmeaningintheengineering.

简介：Thefullydevelopedslipflowinanannularsectorductissolvedbyexpansionsofeigenfunctionsintheradialdirectionandboundarycollocationonthestraightsides.Themethodisefficientandaccurate.Theflowfieldforslipflowdiffersmuchfromthatofno-slipflow.ThePoiseuillenumberincreaseswithincreasedinnerradius,openingangle,anddecreaseswithslip.

简介：ThesupersonicductflowwithfixedbackpressuretostagnationpressureratioPb/P0underheatingisinvestigatedanalytically.A“FlowPatternDiagram”Whichconsistsofsixpatternzonesisdeveloped.BythisdiagramtheactualflowstateinsupersonicductflowsystemcanbedeterminedconvenientlywhenPb/Poandheatingintensityareknows.Itisimpossibleforflowwithheavyheatingtobecomesupersonic,eventhoughthepressureratioismuchsmallerthanthecriticalpressureratio,Basedontheanalogybetweenviscouseffectandheatingeffectathermaldragfactorhaseendefined.whichcanpredicttheflowpropertyvariationduetoheatingandtherelaiveimportanceofviscouseffectandheatingeffect.

简介：Modifiedrefractivity(M)profileisanimportantparametertodescribetheatmosphericrefractionenvironment,aswellasakeyfactorinuniquelyevaluatingelectromagneticpropagationeffects.Inordertoimprovethemodel-derivedMprofileinstable(especiallyverystable)conditions,threenonlinearsimilarityfunctions,namelyBH91,CB05,SHEBA07,areintroducedinthispapertoimprovetheoriginalBabin_V25model,andtheperformancesofthesemodifiedmodelsareverifiedbasedonthehydrometeorologicalobservationsfromtowerplatforms,whicharefinallycomparedwiththeoriginalBabin_V25modelandLocal_HYQ92model.Resultsshowthatintroducingnonlinearsimilarityfunctionscansignificantlyimprovethemodel-derivedMprofile;especially,thenewlydevelopedSHEBA07functionsmanagetoreducethepredictedrootmeansquare(rms)differencesofMandMslope(forboth0-5mand5-40m)by64.5%,16.6%,and60.4%,respectivelyinstableconditions.Unfortunately,thisimprovedmethodreactslittleontheevaporationductheight;incontrast,Local_HYQ92modeliscapableofreducingthepredictedrmsdifferencesofM,Mslope(forboth0-5mand5-40m),andevaporationductheightby76.7%,40.2%,83.7%,and58.0%respectively.Finally,anewrecommendationismadetoapplyLocal_HYQ92andBabin_SHEBA07inverystableconditionsconsideringthatMslopeismoreimportantthanevaporationductheightandabsoluteMvalueinuniquelydeterminingelectromagneticpropagationeffects.

简介：调查apoptosis的表示的目的联系了基因p53；在乳房的管的不正常的增生的bcl-2；在基因表示之间的关系；胸的瘤形成。apoptosis的方法mRNA联系了基因p53；bcl-2被原位杂交在不正常的管的增生的44种情况中检测。p53蛋白质表示被免疫组织化学检测。数据与良性的增生的6个案例的那些相比；胸癌的26个案例。结果p53mRNA的表示在良性的增生是66.7%，40%在不正常的管的增生(55.6%在里面温和，41.7%在媒介，26.1%在里面严重)；19.2%在癌(哪个21.4%是管内的癌；16.7%是侵略的)。p53蛋白质的表示在良性的增生是否定的，24%在不正常的增生(温和11.1%，媒介25%，严重34.8%)，38.5%在癌(管内癌35.7%，侵略管的癌41.7%)。bcl-2的表示在良性的增生是否定的，78.6%在管内癌，83.3%在侵略管的癌。结论损失；p53基因的变化；过多的表示bcl-2mRNA在严重不正常的管的增生被检测。

简介：Aparalleldirect-forcingfictitiousdomainmethodisappliedinfully-resolvednumericalsimulationsofparticle-ladenturbulentflowsinasquareduct.Theeffectsoffinite-sizeheavyparticlesonthemeansecondaryflow,themeanstreamwisevelocity,theroot-mean-squarevelocityfluctuation,andtheparticleconcentrationdistributionareinvestigatedatthefrictionReynoldsnumberof150,theparticlevolumefractionof2.36%,theparticlediameterof0.1ductwidth,andtheShieldsnumberrangingfrom1.0to0.2.Ourresultsshowthattheparticlesedimentationbreakstheup-downsymmetryofthemeansecondaryvortices,andresultsinastrongersecondary-flowcirculationwhichtransportsthefluidsdownwardinthebulkcenterregionandupwardalongthesidewallsatalowShieldsnumber.Thiscirculationhasasignificantimpactonthedistributionofthemeanstreamwisevelocity,whosemaximumvalueoccursinthelowerhalfduct,unlikeintheplanechannelcase.Theflowresistanceisincreasedandtheturbulenceintensityisreduced,astheShieldsnumberisdecreased.Theparticlesaccumulatepreferentiallyatthefacecenterofthebottomwall,duetotheeffectofthemeansecondaryflow.Itisobservedthatthecollisionmodelhasanimportanteffectontheresults,butdoesnotchangetheresultsqualitatively.

简介：ObjectivesToexplorethefeasibility,necessity,andsecurityoftranscatheterclosureofpatentductusarteriosus(PDA)ininfants.MethodsTherewere230infantswithPDA.Theageswere(7.3±3.2)monthsandtheweight(6.6±2.8)Kginaverage.Theywereseparatedintotwogroups.GroupAwasformedbytheinfantsweighinglessthan6Kg,GroupBover6Kg.RightheartcatheterizationwasperformedfirsttocalculatetheratioofQp/Qs.ThendescendingaortographydemonstratedthediameterandshapeofPDA.Properoccluderwasselectedtofinishtheintervention.Echocardiographywasperformedafterintervention24hoursand1,3,6,12and24months.ResultsInGroupAthetechnicalachievementratiowas94.6%withtheaveragediameterofPDA(6.2±3.2)mm.InGroupBthetechnicalachievementratiowas100%withtheaveragediameterofPDA(4.8±2.5)mm.WeusedtheAmplatzerDuctOccluderwiththetypefrom6-8mmto12-14mm,thedeliverysheathfrom6Frenchto8French.24hoursafterintervention,echocardiographydemonstratedthattherewere6residualshuntsinGroupAwhile22inGroupB.After1year,residualshuntexistedinneithergroup.Therewere4patientswhosefemoralarteriespulsedweaklyafterinterventioninGroupA,whileinGroupBtherewere3.Theyallrecovered24hoursaftertheapplicationofurokinase.InGroupAbloodflowvelocityindescendingaortaincreasedin5infants,whileinGroupBtherewere3.Theyallresumedin6-12months.ConclusionsTranscatheterclosureofPDAininfantsissafeandtechnicallyfeasible.However,indicationshouldbestrictlyselectedandtheinterventionshouldbeperformedbyexperiencedphysician.

简介：AIM:Tostudythediagnosisofhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)presentingasbileducttumorthrombuswithnodetectableintrahepaticmass.METHODS:SixpatientswithpathologicallyprovenbileductHCCthrombibutnointrahepaticmassdemonstratedonthepreoperativeimagingorpalpatedintrahepaticmassduringoperativeexploration,werecollected.Theirclinicalandimagingdatawereretrospectivelyanalyzed.Themajorfindingsorsignsoncomprehensiveimagingwerecorrelatedwiththesurgicalandpathologicfindings.RESULTS:Jaundicewasthemajorclinicalsymptomofthepatients.Theelevatedserumtotalbilirubin,directbilirubinandalanineaminotransferaselevelswereinconcordancewithobstructivejaundiceandtheunderlyingliverdisease.Ofthe6patientsshowingevidenceofviralhepatitis,5werepositiveforserumalphafetoproteinandcarbohydrateantigen19-9,and1waspositiveforserumcarcinoembryonicantigen.Nopatientwascorrectlydiagnosedbyultrasound.Themainfeaturesofpatientsoncomprehensiveimagingwerefillingdefectswithcup-shapedendsofthebileduct,withlargefillingdefectspresentingascastingmouldsintheexpandedbileduct,hypervascularintraluminalnodules,debrisorbloodclotsinthebileduct.Noobviouscircularthickeningofthebileductwallswasobserved.CONCLUSION:Evenwithnodetectableintrahepatictumor,bileductHCCthrombusshouldbeconsideredinpatientspredisposedtoHCC,andsomeimagingsignsareindicativeofitsdiagnosis.

简介：Currently,daylightingductssystemiswidelyusedasadaylightingdevice.Generally,daylightingductsystemefficientlytakeslightfromoutsideduringtheday,andconveysdaylighttorequiredlocationthroughlightductmanufacturedbyhighreflectancemirror.Daylightingductsystemcanconveydaylighttoundergroundspacethathasnowindowsopeningtoexternalspace.Daylightingsystemiscomposedoflightcollectionpart,lightguidepartandlightemissionpart.Efficiencyofdaylightingsystemisdependingontypeofeachpartusedinthesystem.However,itisverydifficulttoestimateexactlightflowinthesystemconsideringtypeoftheparts.Authorsperformedmeasurementexperimentstomakeclearthelightflowwithreal-sizemodelandminiaturemodelofdaylightingductsystem.Wediscussedeffectoftypeofthepartsonefficiencyofdaylightingductsystem.

简介：关于为心脏性的吃惊的处理的levosimendan的使用的编辑的一封信被介绍。

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简介：在这份报纸，为在管的超声的内部流动的调查的马赫4超声的风隧道的轮廓第一被描述。第二，2和马赫4伪吃惊在方形的管挥动的马赫的地点，结构和特征被颜色schlieren相片和管墙压力调查变化大小。最后，墙砍有马赫4伪吃惊的方形的管的墙挥动的方面，顶和底部上的压力分布是由shear的调查品质上压力敏感的液体水晶可视化方法。在第一震动下面的方面墙边界层分离区域在最高的墙附近是狭窄的，当在第一震动下面的方面墙边界层分离区域在底部墙附近是很宽的时。关键词超声的内部流动-伪吃惊波浪-流动可视化-砍压力敏感的液体水晶CLC数字O357.4+2

简介：AbstractBackground and objective:The size of the cochlea varies a lot among the human population bringing the necessity for electrode arrays to be available in various lengths irrespective of the cochlear implant (CI) brand. This research software helps in the estimation of the patient’s cochlear duct length (CDL) which is then used for the simulation of the correct length electrode array matching the patient’s cochlear size and as well in getting the patient specific cochlear frequency map.Methods:Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows Desktop is used in the architecture of this research software. The basal turn diameter of the cochlea ( "A" value) needs to be measured from the pre-operative computed tomography (CT) image of the patient’s temporal bone. This "A" will be taken as the input for the CDL equations proposed by Alexiades et al for estimating the CDL along the basilar membrane for various insertion depths. Greenwood’s equation is then used in combination with the CDL for the full length of the cochlea in getting the patient specific frequency map.Results:The research software with the help of the "A" value as input, with few button clicks, gives the patient specific CDL for various insertion depths and the Greenwood’s frequency map. The users have the choice to select any electrode array of their choice and place it under the frequency map to see how good it fits to that particular patient’s cochlea. Also, given the possibility to drag and move the electrode array picture to mimic the post-operative actual electrode insertion depth.Conclusions:This research software simplifies the overall process of CDL estimation and in getting the patient specific cochlear frequency map. The clinicians get the chance to simulate placing the various electrode array lengths in patient cochlea in identifying the best fit electrode. This could help in pushing the CI field into the concept of individualized CI electrode array solution that ultimately benefits the patients.

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